魔术包唤醒_什么是唤醒计算机的“魔术包”？

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-04 09:15:54 发布

culul01313

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-04 09:15:54 发布

阅读量9.1k

点赞数 3

文章标签： java python linux 网络人工智能

原文链接：https://www.howtogeek.com/252065/what-are-“magic-packets”-for-waking-computers/

版权

魔术包唤醒

what-are-magic-packets-for-waking-computers-00

When you are tweaking or adjusting various settings on your computer, sooner or later you will likely run across some options that leave you puzzled or confused. With that in mind, today’s SuperUser Q&A post has the answers to a confused reader’s questions.

在调整或调整计算机上的各种设置时，迟早您可能会遇到一些使您感到困惑或困惑的选项。考虑到这一点，今天的SuperUser Q＆A帖子为困惑的读者提供了答案。

Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites.

今天的“问答”环节由SuperUser提供，它是Stack Exchange的一个分支，该社区是由社区驱动的Q＆A网站分组。

Photo courtesy of annaspies (Flickr).

照片由annaspies(Flickr)提供。

问题 (The Question)

SuperUser reader AlainD wants to know what magic packets for waking computers are:

超级用户阅读器AlainD想知道唤醒计算机的魔术包是：

My wireless adapter (Intel Dual Band Wireless-N 7260) has two settings in Device Manager that I do not understand.

我的无线适配器(Intel Dual Band Wireless-N 7260)在设备管理器中有两个我不理解的设置。

Wake on Magic Packet
魔术包唤醒
Wake on Pattern Match
模式匹配唤醒

After a bit of research, I found this Microsoft TechNet article which defines the feature as follows:

经过一些研究，我发现了这篇Microsoft TechNet文章，其中对功能的定义如下：

WakeOnMagicPacket – Defines if a network adapter is enabled to wake a computer on the magic packet.
WakeOnMagicPacket –定义是否启用了网络适配器以唤醒魔术包上的计算机。

This rather cryptic description is a bit low on details. Can anyone help?

这种相当神秘的描述在细节上有点低。有人可以帮忙吗？

I would prefer that my laptop not be woken up remotely under any circumstances. I have disabled Allow this device to wake the computer on the Power Management tab, but these settings appear to be separate. Can I disable these two settings without negative consequences?

我希望在任何情况下都不要远程唤醒我的笔记本电脑。我已在“ 电源管理”选项卡上禁用了“ 允许此设备唤醒计算机 ”，但是这些设置似乎是分开的。我可以禁用这两个设置而不会产生负面影响吗？

What are magic packets for waking computers?

什么是唤醒计算机的魔术包？

答案 (The Answer)

SuperUser contributors Sam3000 and Ben N have the answer for us. First up, Sam3000:

超级用户贡献者Sam3000和Ben N为我们找到了答案。首先，Sam3000：

These two settings form a feature of most modern computers known as Wake on LAN. In a nutshell, leaving this setting on allows the network card of your system to receive sufficient power to remain in standby mode while the rest of the system is powered off. While in standby mode, it may receive a magic packet, a small amount of data specific to the MAC address of the network card, and will respond to this by turning on the system.

这两个设置构成了称为“局域网唤醒”的大多数现代计算机的功能。简而言之，将此设置保留为打开状态可使系统的网卡在关闭系统其余部分电源的同时获得足够的电源，以保持待机状态。在待机模式下，它可能会收到魔术包 ，即少量特定于网卡MAC地址的数据，并将通过打开系统对此作出响应。

It is very useful for remote control situations, however, you may disable these features without any negative consequences. Kudos to you for doing some prior research as well. For further information, you can read this How-To Geek article:

这对于远程控制情况非常有用，但是，您可以禁用这些功能而不会带来任何负面影响。也感谢您做过一些先前的研究。有关更多信息，您可以阅读这篇How-To Geek文章：

How-To Geek Explains: What is Wake-on-LAN and How Do I Enable It?

极客方法说明：什么是局域网唤醒以及如何启用它？

Followed by the answer from Ben N:

随后是Ben N的回答：

Sam3000’s answer is very nice. I will add some technical details.

Sam3000的答案非常好。我将添加一些技术细节。

Wake on Magic Packet causes the network card to awaken the computer when it receives a magic packet. A packet is considered “magic” when it contains FF FF FF FF FF FF (six instances of the largest possible byte value) followed by sixteen instances of the card’s six-byte MAC address. That sequence can appear anywhere within the frame, so the packet can be sent over any higher-level protocol. Usually, UDP is used, but sometimes raw frames with EtherType 0x0842 are used. (Source: Wikipedia)

“唤醒魔术包”会使网卡在收到魔术包时唤醒计算机。数据包包含FF FF FF FF FF FF FF (可能的最大字节值的六个实例)，然后是卡的六字节MAC地址的十六个实例时，被视为“魔术”。该序列可以出现在帧中的任何位置，因此可以通过任何更高级别的协议发送数据包。通常，使用UDP，但有时使用EtherType 0x0842的原始帧。 ( 资料来源： 维基百科 )

Wake on Pattern Match is a superset of the previous one (Wake on Magic Packet). It will cause the card to wake the machine when various things come in, including a magic packet, a NetBIOS name query, a TCP SYN packet (either TCPv4 or TCPv6), etc. Those last ones may require ARP offload to be enabled. (Source: TechNet)

模式匹配唤醒是前一个( “魔术包唤醒” )的超集。当出现各种情况(包括魔术数据包 ，NetBIOS名称查询，TCP SYN数据包(TCPv4或TCPv6)等)时，它将导致卡唤醒计算机。那些最后一个可能需要启用ARP卸载。 ( 来源： TechNet )

If you do not want or need your computer to be woken up from anywhere else, you can disable both options.

如果您不想或不需要从其他任何地方唤醒计算机，则可以禁用这两个选项。

Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.

有什么补充说明吗？在评论中听起来不错。是否想从其他精通Stack Exchange的用户那里获得更多答案？在此处查看完整的讨论线程。