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The “Do Not Track” option is enabled by default in Windows 8’s Internet Explorer 10 and available in Firefox, Safari, and Opera. Google is even adding it to Chrome. There’s just one problem: it doesn’t actually prevent tracking.
在Windows 8的Internet Explorer 10中默认启用“不跟踪”选项，并且在Firefox，Safari和Opera中可用。 Google甚至将其添加到Chrome。 有一个问题：它实际上并不能阻止跟踪。
The Do Not Track check box can provide a false sense of security. While a few websites will pay attention to it, the vast majority of websites will ignore your preference.
不跟踪复选框可能会提供错误的安全感。 尽管少数网站会对此予以关注，但绝大多数网站都会忽略您的偏好。
什么是追踪 (What Tracking Is)
Tracking takes a variety of forms. Websites and the advertising network scripts they use track what pages you visit online and serve you advertisements based on your interests. For example, if you visit a website for a specific product and then surf to another website, you may continue seeing advertisements for the product you viewed earlier. if you search for information about Android, you may see Android advertisements on other websites you visit, even if they’re not technology-related.
跟踪采用多种形式。 他们使用的网站及其广告网络脚本会跟踪您在线访问哪些页面，并根据您的兴趣向您投放广告。 例如，如果您访问特定产品的网站，然后浏览另一个网站，则可能会继续看到您先前查看的产品的广告。 如果您搜索有关Android的信息，即使您访问的其他网站与技术无关，也可能会在其他访问的网站上看到Android广告。
This data about you may also be analyzed or sold. There are also more basic types of tracking – for example, websites can see which pages you visit on them and how long you spend on each page. This can help websites determine what their visitors are interested in.
有关您的数据也可能会被分析或出售。 跟踪还有更多基本类型，例如，网站可以查看您访问的页面以及在每个页面上花费的时间。 这可以帮助网站确定其访问者感兴趣的内容。
“不追踪”的作用 (What “Do Not Track” Does)
Your browser uses HTTP to communicate with websites. When you enable Do Not Track, your browser includes the “DNT” HTTP header with a value of “1” whenever you connect to a website.
您的浏览器使用HTTP与网站进行通信。 启用“不跟踪”后，无论何时连接到网站，浏览器都会包含“ DNT” HTTP标头，其值为“ 1”。
The value of “1” expresses your wish to opt out of tracking. In other words, when you enable Do Not Track, your browser sends a request asking the website not to track you each time you connect to a website.
值“ 1”表示您希望退出跟踪。 换句话说，启用“不跟踪”后，浏览器会在每次连接到网站时发送请求，要求该网站不要跟踪您。
All browsers except the current version of Google Chrome have this option, and even Google Chrome will have it soon. For example, it’s named “Tell websites I do not want to be tracked” in Firefox.
除当前版本的Google Chrome浏览器外，所有浏览器都具有此选项，甚至Google Chrome浏览器也将很快具有此选项。 例如，它在Firefox中被命名为“告诉我不想被跟踪的网站”。
默认设置 (Default Settings)
The Do Not Track header has three possible values:
“不跟踪”标头具有三个可能的值：
- 1 – Do Not Track (Opt out of tracking) 1 –不跟踪(退出跟踪)
- 2 – Track (Opt into tracking) 2 –跟踪(选择跟踪)
- Null – No preference 空–无首选项
By default, web browsers use the null value, indicating that you haven’t expressed a desire of whether you want to be tracked or not.
默认情况下，Web浏览器使用null值，表示您没有表达是否要跟踪的愿望。
The one exception is Internet Explorer 10, which automatically enables Do Not Track. This is extremely controversial because it violates the Do Not Track Standard.
一个例外是Internet Explorer 10，它会自动启用“不跟踪”。 这极具争议性，因为它违反了“请勿追踪标准”。
The Do Not Track standard is designed to allow users to indicate a preference, and the authors of the Do Not Track specification and the Digital Advertising Alliance both disapprove of Microsoft’s choice. If Do Not Track is on by default, they argue that there’s no way to know whether the user has actually expressed an individual preference. Roy Fielding, one of the authors of the Do Not Track standard, updated the open-source Apache web server to ignore Do Not Track signals sent by Internet Explorer 10 for this reason.
“不追踪”标准旨在允许用户指出偏好，“不追踪”规范和数字广告联盟的作者均不同意Microsoft的选择。 如果默认情况下“不跟踪”处于启用状态，则他们认为无法知道用户是否实际上表达了个人偏好。 Roy Fielding是“不跟踪”标准的作者之一，因此更新了开源Apache Web服务器，以忽略Internet Explorer 10发送的“不跟踪”信号。
不跟踪的问题 (The Problem With Do Not Track)
Enabling “Do Not Track” doesn’t change any browser privacy settings. When you enable Do Not Track, your web browser asks each website you connect to please not track you.
启用“不跟踪”不会更改任何浏览器隐私设置。 启用“不跟踪”时，您的Web浏览器会询问您连接的每个网站，请不要跟踪您。
The problem is that most websites simply ignore the “do not track” request. Websites have to be updated to pay attention to this field, and most websites aren’t interested in obeying it.
问题在于，大多数网站只是忽略了“不跟踪”请求。 网站必须进行更新以关注该领域，并且大多数网站对遵守该领域都不感兴趣。
网站做什么 (What Websites Do)
Most websites simply ignore the Do Not Track field. Among websites that listen to the request, they’ll react to the request in different ways. Some will simply disable targeted advertising, showing you generic advertisements instead of ones targeted to your interests, all while tracking you and using the data for other purposes. Some may disable tracking by other websites, but still track how you use their website for their own purposes. Some may disable all tracking. There’s little agreement on how websites should react to Do Not Track.
大多数网站只是忽略“不跟踪”字段。 在侦听请求的网站中，它们将以不同的方式对请求做出React。 有些会简单地禁用有针对性的广告，在跟踪您并将数据用于其他目的的同时，向您显示通用广告，而不是针对您兴趣的广告。 有些可能会禁用其他网站的跟踪，但仍会跟踪您如何将其网站用于自己的目的。 有些可能会禁用所有跟踪。 关于网站应如何对“不跟踪”做出React，人们几乎没有共识。
Currently, Do Not Track is completely voluntary. In the future, it’s possible that some countries will pass laws forcing websites to obey this preference. It’s also possible that some advertising or business organizations may require their members to obey this setting.
目前，“不追踪”是完全自愿的。 将来，某些国家可能会通过法律，迫使网站遵守这种偏好。 某些广告或商业组织也可能会要求其成员遵守此设置。
The debate over tracking is a thorny issue – for one, tracking can be used to display ads for products you’re interested in, such as ads for tech products instead of ads for diapers. These ads also help fund websites.
关于跟踪的争论是一个棘手的问题–对于一个问题，跟踪可用于显示您感兴趣的产品的广告，例如高科技产品的广告而不是尿布的广告。 这些广告还有助于资助网站。
If Do Not Track is enforced by law, the web will likely still be full of websites that track you. They’ll be located in other countries where adherence to Do Not Track isn’t enforced, just as our email addresses are constantly receiving spam in spite of spam being illegal in many countries.
如果法律禁止执行“不跟踪”，则网络上可能仍会充满跟踪您的网站。 他们将位于其他未强制遵守“不追踪”的国家/地区，就像我们的电子邮件地址不断收到垃圾邮件一样，尽管垃圾邮件在许多国家/地区都是非法的。
翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/126705/why-enabling-do-not-track-doesnt-stop-you-from-being-tracked/
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