macos root_如何在macOS中启用root用户

macos root

Want to enable the root account on your Mac? You can, but the functionality is a little buried in System Preferences. Here’s how to find it.

是否要在Mac上启用root帐户？ 可以，但是功能有点儿藏在“系统偏好设置”中。 这是找到它的方法。

If you’re the primary user of your Mac, odds are you use an administrator account. This grants a level of permission required to do things like install software and change system settings, but it doesn’t give you permission to access everything. You can’t make changes to other users’ files, for example, or even see most of them. A root account can access everything.

如果您是Mac的主要用户，那么您很可能使用管理员帐户。 这会授予执行安装软件和更改系统设置之类所需的权限级别，但不会授予您访问所有内容的权限。 例如，您无法更改其他用户的文件，甚至看不到大多数文件。 根帐户可以访问所有内容。

And there’s another reason to enable the root account: security. Last year researchers discovered a bug that let anyone become the root user, and while that’s patched now, creating a root account yourself prevents anything similar from happening in the future.

启用根帐户的另一个原因是：安全性。 去年，研究人员发现了一个漏洞，该漏洞使任何人都可以成为root用户 ，而现在对此进行了修补，而您自己创建一个root帐户可以防止以后发生类似的事情。

Only enable root if you have a specific reason to, however. The root user can access almost everything—at least, everything not protected by System Integrity Protection—which is a lot of power. Don’t create that power if you’ve no particular need to wield it, and under no circumstances should you use the root account for day-to-day computing.

但是，只有在有特定原因时才启用root。 root用户几乎可以访问所有功能，至少是不受系统完整性保护保护的所有功能 ，这是很大的功能。 如果您不需要特别使用此功能，则不要创建它，并且在任何情况下都不应将根帐户用于日常计算。

启用根帐户 (Enable The Root Account)

Open System Preferences, and then open the “Users & Groups” item.

打开系统偏好设置，然后打开“用户和组”项。

In the “Users & Groups” window, click the lock at bottom left, enter your password, and then click the “Login Options” link just above the lock.

在“用户和组”窗口中，单击左下角的锁，输入密码，然后单击锁上方的“登录选项”链接。

Next, click the “Join” button next to the “Network Account Server” entry.

接下来，单击“网络帐户服务器”条目旁边的“加入”按钮。

In the popup window, click the “Open Directory Utility” button and yet another window will open.

在弹出窗口中，单击“打开目录实用程序”按钮，将打开另一个窗口。

In the “Directory Utility” window, click the lock at the bottom left again, and then enter your password (or use Touch ID).

在“ Directory Utility”窗口中，再次单击左下角的锁，然后输入密码(或使用Touch ID)。

In the menu bar, open the “Edit” menu, and then click the “Enable Root User” command.

在菜单栏中，打开“编辑”菜单，然后单击“启用根用户”命令。

You will be asked to create a new root password; make sure you create a strong one that you can remember.

系统将要求您创建一个新的root密码。 确保创建一个值得纪念的强者 。

以root身份登录 (Log In As root)

You’ve now created a root account, but how do you use it? By logging in as root. The login window, which you can access by logging out of your account or by using the fast user switching icon on your menu bar, will show a new “Other…” option. Go ahead and click that.

您现在已经创建了一个根帐户，但是如何使用它呢？ 通过以root用户身份登录。 您可以通过注销帐户或使用菜单栏上的快速用户切换图标来访问登录窗口，该窗口将显示一个新的“其他”选项。 继续并单击。

Type “root” as your username, and use the new password you created for root.

输入“ root”作为您的用户名，并使用您为root创建的新密码。

You will log into what appears to be a standard Mac user account, but do not use this as your main account: it has too much system access to be used securely.

您将登录到看似标准的Mac用户帐户，但不要将此帐户用作主帐户：它具有太多的系统访问权限，因此无法安全使用。

禁用根帐户，或更改根密码 (Disable The Root Account, Or Change the Root Password)

Done using the root account? You can disable it from the Directory Utility, which you can access as outlined above using System Preferences > Users & Groups > Login Options. From Directory Utility, click “Edit” in the menu bar and you’ll find the “Disable Root User” and “Change Root Password” commands.

使用根帐户完成了吗？ 您可以从目录实用程序中禁用它，您可以使用系统偏好设置>用户和组>登录选项如上所述访问目录实用程序。 在Directory Utility中，单击菜单栏中的“编辑”，您将找到“禁用Root用户”和“更改Root密码”命令。

And, though we’ve mentioned it a couple of times already, it bears repeating. While it may be tempting, don’t use root like a normal account. Login when you need heightened access, and then log back out afterward.

而且，尽管我们已经提到过几次了，但仍需重复。 尽管这很诱人，但不要像普通帐户那样使用root。 需要增强访问权限时登录，然后注销。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/35132/how-to-enable-the-root-user-in-mac-os-x/

macos root