power bi形状地图_如何使用内置形状图在Power BI中创建地理图

power bi形状地图

Introduction

介绍

This is the second article of a series dedicated to discovering geographic map tools in Power BI.

这是致力于在Power BI中发现地理地图工具的系列文章的第二篇。

In the ToC below the article, you can find out references to the previous article and the project’s goal.

在ToC的文章下面，你可以找到以前的文章，该项目的目标引用。

In this piece, I’m going to cover the default settings for the Shape Maps visual. In the next one, I’ll explain how to create and use custom shape maps.

在本文中，我将介绍Shape Maps视觉效果的默认设置。 在下一篇中，我将解释如何创建和使用自定义形状贴图。

形状图 (Shape Maps)

The shape map visual has been available in Power BI for several months, but it’s still in preview (at the time of writing). So, you need to enable it in Power BI Desktop.

形状贴图视觉效果已在Power BI中使用了几个月，但仍处于预览状态（在撰写本文时）。 因此，您需要在Power BI Desktop中启用它。

Select File > Options and settings > Options > Preview features then select the “Shape map visual” check box and click OK. You need to close and restart Power BI Desktop to make the change effective.

选择“ 文件”>“选项”和“设置”>“选项”>“预览功能”，然后选中“ 视觉形状图 ”复选框，然后单击“确定”。 您需要关闭并重新启动Power BI Desktop才能使更改生效。

After restarting, you’ll find the visual into the “Visualizations” toolbox.

重新启动后，您将在“ Visualizations”工具箱中找到视觉效果。

Shape maps are usually made of filled regions with delimited borders, that are used to compare values in different regions based on a color range. For example, you can show the distribution of the population in the world countries with different shades of the same color, according to the value intensity.

形状图通常由边界定界的填充区域组成，用于基于颜色范围比较不同区域中的值。 例如，您可以根据值强度显示世界各国使用相同颜色深浅不同的人口的分布。

This is how a typical shape maps looks like:

典型的形状贴图如下所示：

Shape maps are based on the concept of shapefile a storage format developed by Esri (Environmental System Research Institute), nowadays universally recognized as standard for storing geospatial information.

形状图基于shapefile的概念，该形状文件是由Esri （环境系统研究所）开发的一种存储格式，如今已被普遍认为是存储地理空间信息的标准。

A shapefile format spatially describes vector features: points, lines, polygons. It is therefore commonly used for representing geometric locations for data and its attributes. Storing together data and attributes allows the representation of geographic data on a map and makes some calculations possible.

shapefile格式在空间上描述矢量特征：点，线，多边形。 因此，它通常用于表示数据及其属性的几何位置。 将数据和属性存储在一起可以在地图上表示地理数据，并使某些计算成为可能。

A shapefile isn’t a “single” file but rather is a collection of files stored in the same directory. A shapefile at least must be made of three files each with a common name and different extensions. The mandatory files are:

shapefile不是“单个”文件，而是存储在同一目录中的文件的集合。 shapefile至少必须由三个文件组成，每个文件都具有相同的名称和不同的扩展名。 强制文件是：

.shp (the proper) shapefile;
.shx shape index format;
.dbf a table description for each shape.

.shp （适当的）shapefile；
.shx形状索引格式；
.dbf每个形状的表格说明。

Other common (optional) files are:

其他常见（可选）文件是：

.prj projection format;
.sbn, .sbx spatial index;
.ain, .aix attribute index o