mac不允许从外部磁盘启动_如何在外部驱动器上创建整个Mac的可启动备份

mac不允许从外部磁盘启动

Dead hard drives are stressful. Your files might be gone forever, which is bad enough, but you also can’t use your Mac until you install a new one. If you’re working on a deadline, that’s a problem.

失效的硬盘驱动器压力很大。 您的文件可能永远消失了，这已经够糟了，但是在安装新的Mac之前，您也无法使用Mac。 如果您在截止日期前工作，那将是一个问题。

Which is why you should have a bootable backup. With the right software you can make an external copy of your macOS system that gives you temporary access to everything: your programs, your documents, and everything else. It won’t run as fast as you’re used to, but it’ll work in a pinch. Even better: when you’ve acquired a new hard drive for your Mac, you’ll have a working system image to restore from.

这就是为什么您应该有一个可启动的备份。 使用正确的软件，您可以制作macOS系统的外部副本，使您可以临时访问所有内容：程序，文档以及所有其他内容。 它的运行速度不会像以前那样快，但可以在一定程度上发挥作用。 更好的是：为Mac购买新的硬盘驱动器后，您将拥有一个要还原的工作系统映像。

We’ve shown you how to back up and restore you Mac with Time Machine, and you should absolutely do that. But having an bootable backup in addition to normal backup gives you more options when things go wrong, particularly in the short term.

我们已经向您展示了如何使用Time Machine备份和还原Mac ，您绝对应该这样做。 但是，在出现问题时(尤其是在短期内) ，除了普通备份外，还具有可启动备份和常规备份可以为您提供更多选择。

你需要什么 (What You’ll Need)

You’ll need two things to create your bootable backup:

您将需要两件事来创建可启动备份：

1. An external hard drive as big as your Mac’s internal drive. All files on your external drive will be deleted during the backup, so don’t use your Time Machine drive or a drive you use to store important things on.
   与Mac内部驱动器一样大的外部硬盘驱动器。 备份期间将删除外部驱动器上的所有文件，因此请勿使用Time Machine驱动器或用于存储重要内容的驱动器。
2. Software for creating a bootable backup.
   用于创建可启动备份的软件。

You can technically use Disk Utility to copy your entire hard drive, but the result will not be bootable on an external drive. There are two main Mac options for creating bootable backups: Super Duper and Carbon Copy Cloner. Both offer free limited versions, and full versions for $30 and $40, respectively. The full versions allow you to schedule updates on a regular basis and update backups with new changes only. Both free versions are fine for occasionally creating a bootable backup.

从技术上讲，您可以使用“磁盘工具”来复制整个硬盘驱动器，但结果将无法在外部驱动器上引导。 Mac有两个主要选项可用于创建可引导备份： Super Duper和Carbon Copy Cloner 。 两者都提供免费的限量版和完整版，分别为30美元和40美元。 完整版本使您可以定期安排更新，并仅使用新更改来更新备份。 两种免费版本都适合偶尔创建可启动备份。

We’ll be using Super Duper for this tutorial, but the steps won’t differ much for Carbon Copy Cloner. Use whichever you prefer.

我们将在本教程中使用Super Duper，但是Carbon Copy Cloner的步骤不会有太大不同。 使用任何您喜欢的。

备份Mac的主硬盘 (Back Up Your Mac’s Primary Hard Drive)

Start up Super Duper and you’ll see an extremely simple window.

启动Super Duper，您将看到一个非常简单的窗口。

Select your system drive in the “Copy” dropdown, and your external drive after “to.” Leave the “using” dialogue set to “Backup – all files,”; the other options won’t create a bootable drive with all your files.

在“复制”下拉列表中选择系统驱动器，在“至”之后选择外部驱动器。 将“使用”对话框设置为“备份-所有文件”； 其他选项不会创建包含所有文件的可启动驱动器。

When everything looks correct, click “Copy Now”. You’ll be asked for your password. Note that proceeding will delete all files on your destination drive, so make sure there’s nothing important stored on that drive.

当一切看起来正确时，单击“立即复制”。 系统将要求您输入密码。 请注意，继续操作将删除目标驱动器上的所有文件，因此请确保该驱动器上没有重要的存储内容。

After that, your boot partition will be copied, in full, to your external drive.

之后，您的启动分区将全部复制到外部驱动器。

This might take a while, depending on the size of your drive, but you can still do some light computing while it’s running. When everything’s done, you’ll be told so.

这可能需要一段时间，具体取决于驱动器的大小，但是在运行时仍可以进行一些光计算。 完成所有操作后，系统会告知您。

You can actually browse the complete file system in Finder, and you should find it looks exactly like your primary system drive.

实际上，您可以在Finder中浏览整个文件系统，并且应该发现它看起来与主系统驱动器完全一样。

Feel free to eject the drive when the process is complete. When you’re ready, we can test the drive out.

该过程完成后，请随时弹出驱动器。 准备就绪后，我们可以测试驱动器。

如何从克隆的Mac系统启动 (How to Boot From a Cloned Mac System)

To boot from your cloned backup, simply plug your drive into your Mac, press the Power button, and hold the Option key right when the system turns on. You’ll eventually see a few booting options.

要从克隆的备份启动，只需将驱动器插入Mac，按下电源按钮，然后在系统打开时按住Option键即可。 您最终会看到一些引导选项。

To boot from your external drive, simply click on it and click the arrow below it. Your Mac will start up as normal, but everything will be loaded from you external drive instead of your internal one.

要从外部驱动器启动，只需单击它，然后单击它下面的箭头。 您的Mac将正常启动，但是所有内容都将从外部驱动器而不是内部驱动器加载。

You’ll have the best results running this on the same Mac it was cloned from (like if that Mac’s hard drive dies, but all its other hardware is okay). It may be possible to run it on a different Mac of the same model, or even some other Macs, but we haven’t tested this and your mileage may vary.

在从其克隆的同一台Mac上运行，您将获得最佳效果(例如，如果该Mac的硬盘驱动器死了，但其他所有硬件都可以)。 可能可以在相同型号的其他Mac甚至是其他Mac上运行它，但我们尚未对此进行测试，因此您的行驶里程可能会有所不同。

Again, these full system backups probably shouldn’t be your primary backup. There’s no running catalog of your files, like Time Machine offers, meaning you can’t dig up old versions of things you’ve overwritten.

同样，这些完整的系统备份可能不应该是您的主要备份。 没有像Time Machine所提供的那样正在运行的文件目录，这意味着您无法挖掘已覆盖内容的旧版本。

A system image isn’t a great primary backup, but it is great to have around when things go wrong. Consider this another tool in your toolbox.

系统映像不是一个很好的主备份，但是当出现问题时可以有个不错的选择。 在您的工具箱中考虑此工具。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/280089/how-to-create-a-bootable-backup-of-your-entire-mac-on-an-external-drive/

mac不允许从外部磁盘启动