英语面试简短问题_用简单的英语解释产品设计

英语面试简短问题

Product design is the process you go through when you conceptualize and build a product.

产品设计是概念化和构建产品时要经历的过程。

The path to building – hardware, software, or even simple prototypes – has different steps and approaches.

构建的路径-硬件，软件甚至简单的原型-都有不同的步骤和方法。

I have built products at Google and WFHAdviser.com and advised companies who are building products in the web development and mobile app space. Through my experiences as a builder I have made many mistakes. I have also gotten a few things right.

我已经在Google和WFHAdviser.com上构建了产品，并为在Web开发和移动应用程序领域中构建产品的公司提供了建议。 通过我作为建筑商的经验，我犯了很多错误。 我也弄对了几件事。

Learning how to design products is not only useful for builders. Learning to wear a “product design hat” can help aspiring product managers, engineers, sales professionals, and managers empathize with how a product is built and why.

学习如何设计产品不仅对建造者有用。 学习戴上“产品设计帽”可以帮助有抱负的产品经理，工程师，销售专业人员和经理对产品的制造方式以及原因产生共鸣。

Product design is focused on building products to help users make sense of a confusing, complex, and contradictory world.

产品设计专注于构建产品，以帮助用户理解一个混乱，复杂和矛盾的世界。

Through a mix of product launches, mentorship, observation, and repeated experimentation, I have learned the fundamentals of product design. Hopefully you can avoid some of the pitfalls that I experienced.

通过产品发布，指导，观察和反复实验的混合，我了解了产品设计的基础。 希望您能避免我遇到的一些陷阱。

I want to share eight practical steps with you in the hope that this framework enables you to build and design better products and more rapidly bring them to market.

我希望与您分享八个实际步骤，希望该框架使您能够构建和设计更好的产品并更快地将它们推向市场。

步骤1：定义产品的愿景 (Step 1: Define the vision of the product)

At this earliest stage of design you should turn your computer off.

在设计的最早阶段，您应该关闭计算机。

Put your pencil down. Think.

把铅笔放下。 认为。

Ask yourself: “What is the purpose of this product?”

问问自己：“该产品的目的是什么？”

You should be able to loosely articulate what a product might be able to do, who will use it, and what problem the product solves.

您应该能够大致阐明产品可能会做什么，将由谁使用以及产品解决了什么问题。

Don’t drown in numbers or research. If you are intimately aware of the problem that the product will solve, great. If you are newer to the problem space, think about why the problem exists.

不要淹没在数字或研究中。 如果您非常了解产品将解决的问题，那就太好了 。 如果您不熟悉问题空间，请考虑问题存在的原因。

Define what a product will feel like, how users might interact with it, and why other products don’t adequately solve the problem you have identified today.

定义产品的外观，用户与产品的交互方式以及其他产品为什么不能充分解决您今天发现的问题。

步骤2：研究产品空间和市场 (Step 2: Research the product space and market)

In this second stage you should start to look at the market and define who is in it and why.

在第二阶段，您应该开始研究市场，并确定市场中的人以及原因 。

Answer the following: Who makes similar products, how are those products used and by whom, and what impact are these products having?

回答以下问题：谁生产相似的产品，如何使用这些产品以及由谁生产，这些产品有什么影响？

How were these existing products brought to market and distributed?

这些现有产品如何推向市场并进行分销？

Thoughtful research starts with the end-users.

周到的研究始于最终用户。

There are two types of products: those that are incremental improvements to existing products and entirely new inventions. Which one is yours?

产品有两种：一种是对现有产品的增量改进，另一种是全新的发明。 哪个是你的？

Work backwards from customers. Although good product designers may pay attention to competitors, great researchers obsess over how people will use the product itself.

从客户倒退。 尽管优秀的产品设计师可能会关注竞争者，但出色的研究人员仍对人们如何使用产品本身感到着迷。

第3步：获取反馈并产生更多想法 (Step 3: Get Feedback and Generate More Ideas)

Earn the future trust of users by practicing active listening.

通过练习积极聆听来赢得用户的未来信任。

Demonstrate strong judgement and good instinct by building a prototype and getting real feedback. When getting initial feedback, a strong product designer will never say “that’s not my job.”

通过构建原型并获得真实的反馈，表现出强大的判断力和良好的直觉。 当获得初步反馈时，强大的产品设计师永远不会说“那不是我的工作”。

Answer these questions: How does your product make a user’s life better? How will the product be built and in what timeframe? Who will buy the product?

回答以下问题：您的产品如何使用户的生活更好？ 产品将如何构建？在什么时间范围内构建？ 谁来购买产品？

Be externally aware.

外部注意。

Look for new ideas from everywhere. When getting feedback think about what the person is really saying. What are their words conveying? What do their actions (body language or tone of voice) imply? Most importantly, what are these prospective users not communicating?

在各地寻找新的想法。 收到反馈时，请考虑该人的真实想法。 他们的话传达了什么？ 他们的行为(肢体语言或语气)意味着什么？ 最重要的是，这些潜在用户没有交流什么？

Obtain and seek out diverse perspectives and work to accept or disconfirm feedback.

获得并寻找不同的观点，并努力接受或否认反馈。

Use feedback to take curiosity – your own and that of users – and translate that into something that people can use.

使用反馈来激发您自己和用户的好奇心，并将其转化为人们可以使用的东西。

Product design is about never being done.

产品设计即将完成。

步骤4：构思 (Step 4: Ideate)

During the ideation stage, insist on the highest standards.

在构思阶段，坚持最高标准。

Thinking big is a self-fulfilling prophecy. By looking around the corner, a product designer can think holistically about how a product will solve new or unforeseen problems.

大胆的想法是一种自我实现的预言。 通过环顾四周，产品设计师可以从整体上考虑产品如何解决新问题或无法预料的问题。

A well designed product unlocks value for end-users. Don’t lose sight of this.

精心设计的产品可以为最终用户释放价值。 不要忽视这一点。

If a design decision is reversible and can be made quickly, show a bias towards action and ideate rapidly.

如果设计决策是可逆的并且可以Swift做出，则表现出对行动的偏见并Swift构思。

Embrace calculated risk taking.

拥抱计算的冒险精神。

第5步：建立并放弃 (Step 5: Build and Don’t Give Up)

No task is beneath you in the building stage. Benchmark your progress against the best in your field.

在构建阶段，没有什么任务在您下面。 将您的进步与您所在领域的最好成绩进行基准对比。

As the Chief Product Officer of Pennybox, I spent two years steering the company through fundraising, development, and the product’s launch.

作为Pennybox的首席产品官，我花了两年时间指导公司筹款，开发和产品发布。

While I learned immensely from my experience at the helm of Pennybox, the period of time was not without its challenges — some of which, I recognize in hindsight, could have been avoided.

虽然我从担任Pennybox的经历中学到了很多东西，但这段时间并非没有挑战-事后看来，我可以避免其中的一些挑战。

Pennybox, for example, let too much time elapse between product iterations. My experiences running the company have made me acutely aware that designing is hard.

例如，Pennybox会使产品迭代之间花费太多时间。 我在公司工作的经历使我敏锐地意识到设计很困难。

If you are a builder, you can never fully insulate yourself from the inevitable setbacks that come with pushing technological boundaries or creating new products.

如果您是一名建筑商，那么您将永远无法与不断突破技术极限或创造新产品的不可避免的挫折完全隔离。

Building is hard. Keep bootstrapping. Keep building.

建设很难。 保持引导 。 继续建设。

Don’t give up.

不要放弃

步骤6：获得验证并检查结果 (Step 6: Earn validation and examine results)

Designers need conviction and back bone. They must be tenacious in the pursuit of design and product excellence.

设计师需要信念和坚强的后盾。 他们必须坚持不懈地追求设计和产品卓越。

Vic Gundotra, a former Google executive, once told a story about an interaction he had with Steve Jobs.

谷歌前高管维克·冈多特拉(Vic Gundotra)曾经讲过一个有关他与史蒂夫·乔布斯(Steve Jobs)互动的故事。

Gundotra noted that Steve called him and said the following:

Gundotra指出Steve给他打了电话，并说了以下几点：

"Vic, we have an urgent issue, one that I need addressed right away. I've already assigned someone from my team to help you, and I hope you can fix this tomorrow. I've been looking at the Google logo on the iPhone and I'm not happy with the icon. The second O in Google doesn't have the right yellow gradient. It's just wrong and I'm going to have a staff member fix it tomorrow…”

“维克，我们有一个紧急问题，我需要立即解决。我已经从团队中指派了一个人来帮助您，希望您明天能解决此问题。我一直在寻找Google徽标， iPhone和我对图标不满意。Google中的第二个O没有正确的黄色渐变。这是错误的，明天我将要工作人员对其进行修复……”

This maniacal attention to detail is one of the many reasons that Steve Jobs is remembered as a legendary figure.

对细节的狂热关注是史蒂夫·乔布斯(Steve Jobs)被视为传奇人物的众多原因之一。

You too can test and validate results post launch to improve your product and obtain better end-user results. No task is beneath the designer who is connected to, and focused on, every detail.

您也可以在发布后测试和验证结果，以改善您的产品并获得更好的最终用户结果。 与每个细节相关联并专注于每个细节的设计师之下，没有任何任务。

Remain vigilant.

保持警惕。

Flattery from a few users does not mean the design is great. My parents loved Pennybox. Unfortunately, few other parents did.

少数用户的奉承并不意味着设计很棒。 我的父母喜欢Pennybox。 不幸的是，没有其他父母这样做。

If the user metrics and anecdotes differ, a product designer will ask why.

如果用户指标和轶事不同，则产品设计师将询问原因。

第7步：设置关键绩效指标并对其进行衡量 (Step 7: Set Key Performance Metrics and Measure Them)

You can’t measure what you can’t count.

您无法衡量无法计数的内容。

Know what you care about it and measure it.

了解您关心的内容并进行衡量。

For websites, that might mean the number of monthly visitors or how long users spend on your website.

对于网站，这可能意味着每月访问者的数量或用户在您的网站上停留的时间。

For mobile applications, that might mean downloads or active users.

对于移动应用程序，这可能意味着下载或活跃用户。

Gather feedback rapidly.

快速收集反馈。

Through measurement and feedback you can make further product improvements.

通过测量和反馈，您可以进一步改进产品。

关于产品设计的总结思想 (Closing Thoughts on Product Design)

This process will increase the likelihood that your products are relevant, well thought out, and can help users. But you can follow these steps and still stray.

此过程将增加您的产品具有相关性，经过深思熟虑并可以为用户提供帮助的可能性。 但是您可以按照以下步骤进行操作，但仍然会迷路。

Following are some examples of ideas and concepts I have experienced firsthand that make me think about the principles of good and bad design.

以下是一些我亲身经历过的想法和概念的示例，这些示例使我思考好坏设计的原理。

Use these examples to think holistically about the products you use in your everyday life and how you might change or improve them.

使用这些示例可以全面考虑您在日常生活中使用的产品以及如何更改或改进它们。

案例研究1：慕尼黑的自行车道 (Case study 1: Bike paths in Munich)

I used to live in Munich.

我以前住在慕尼黑。

Bike riding is common in German cities. Designers built small bike paths adjacent to stairs to make it easier for riders to get their bikes up and down stairs without heavy lifting.

骑自行车在德国城市很普遍。 设计师在楼梯附近建造了小型自行车道，以使骑手更容易在不费力的情况下上下楼梯。

This is a compelling design and benefits users.

这是一个引人注目的设计，使用户受益。

案例研究2：火车平台设计 (Case study 2: Train platform design)

In the U.S. the space between a train and platform is regulated by the National Disability Authority to 1.5 inches. Not so in Europe.

在美国，国家残疾人管理局(National Disability Authority)将火车和月台之间的距离限制为1.5英寸。 在欧洲并非如此。

The nearly 4-inch gap common in Europe is seemingly dangerous and difficult for many users.

对于许多用户而言，在欧洲常见的近4英寸的间隙似乎是危险且困难的。

Feedback from different stakeholders – like pregnant women, disabled people, and bikers – could have led to different design standards.

来自不同利益相关者(如孕妇，残疾人和骑自行车的人)的反馈可能导致了不同的设计标准。

There is a reason “Mind the Gap” was invented in London.

在伦敦发明“ Mind the Gap”是有原因的。

案例研究3：无法识别的电灯开关 (Case study 3: Unidentifiable light switches)

Here is a photograph of a light-switch, similar to the one in my kitchen. Which switch controls which light?

这是一个电灯开关的照片，类似于我厨房里的那个。 哪个开关控制哪个灯？

And which switch controls the drain’s garbage disposal unit? This design often leads to confusion and annoyingly (but understandably) I frequently push the wrong button.

哪个开关控制下水道的垃圾处理单元？ 这种设计通常会导致混乱，并且烦人(但可以理解)我经常按下错误的按钮。

案例研究4：消息传递很重要 (Case study 4: Messaging matters)

Sometimes good design can be as effective as clear messaging with a simple and compelling call to action. This is good design: a parking sign that is effective and memorable.

有时，良好的设计可以像通过简单而引人注目的号召性用语传递清晰的信息一样有效。 这是一个很好的设计：有效且令人难忘的停车标志。

Compare the parking sign to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection pamphlet. This piece of paper is cumbersome to fill out and composed of very small print.

将停车标志与美国海关和边境保护局的手册进行比较。 这张纸填写起来很麻烦，并且由很小的字体组成。

The sections are labeled sequentially on the front but not on the back. This is an inconsistent design.

这些部分在前面按顺序标记，但在后面没有标记。 这是一个不一致的设计。

Many travelers on long flights into the U.S. (where this form is required) take off their glasses or contact lenses. Wouldn’t it be great if this form was digital (to be completed upon arrival) or made of a larger font?

许多飞往美国(需要此表格)的长途航班的旅客摘下眼镜或隐形眼镜。 如果此表单是数字形式(在到达时完成)或由更大的字体制成，那不是很好吗？

案例研究5：游戏设计 (Case study 5: Game design)

For those that like to play games, Solitaired.com is an example of great design. It is one of the only game websites that I visit and can start playing games immediately: there are no pop-ups, no logins, no distractions.

对于那些喜欢玩游戏的人来说， Solitaired.com是出色设计的一个例子。 它是我访问过的仅有的游戏网站之一，可以立即开始玩游戏：没有弹出窗口，没有登录名，没有干扰。

The focus is on the user’s pure interaction with the game, and their simple navigation takes relevant players to their other popular games like Freecell and Spider.

重点是用户与游戏的纯粹互动，他们的简单导航将相关玩家带到他们的其他热门游戏如Freecell和Spider 。

案例研究6：何时设计可行 (Case study 6: When design just works)

Internal communications and email tracking firm Contact Monkey uses an elegant design to help their clients see pricing examples.

内部通讯和电子邮件跟踪公司Contact Monkey使用优雅的设计来帮助他们的客户查看定价示例。

The clear visual delineation between offerings, the call to action, and core benefits are examples of good product pricing.

产品之间，行动呼吁和核心利益之间的清晰视觉界限是良好产品定价的示例。

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/product-design-explained-in-plain-english/

英语面试简短问题