java define_Java Integer类的define()方法与示例

java define

整数类的encode()方法 (Integer class decode() method)

  • decode() method is available in java.lang package.

    在java.lang包中提供了define ()方法

  • decode() method is used to decode the given String value into an integer value.

    encode()方法用于将给定的String值解码为整数值。

  • decode() method is a static method, it is accessible with the class name too and if we try to access the method with the class object then also we will not get an error.

    encode()方法是一个静态方法,也可以使用类名进行访问,如果我们尝试使用类对象访问该方法,那么也不会收到错误。

  • decode() method may throw a NumberFormatException at the time of decoding a String to an Integer.

    在将String解码为Integer时, encode ()方法可能会引发NumberFormatException

    NumberFormatException: In this exception, if the given string parameter does not have a parsable integer.

    NumberFormatException :在此异常中,如果给定的字符串参数没有可解析的整数。

Syntax:

句法:

    public static Integer decode(String str);

Parameter(s):

参数:

  • String str – represents the string to be decoded.

    字符串str –表示要解码的字符串。

Return value:

返回值:

The return type of this method is Integer, it returns the Integer holding an integer value represented by the argument of String type.

此方法的返回类型为Integer ,它返回一个Integer,其中保存一个由String类型的参数表示的整数值。

Example:

例:

// Java program to demonstrate the example 
// of decode(String str) method of Integer class

public class DecodeOfIntegerClass {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Variables initialization
        int i = 100;
        String str = "20";

        // Integer object initialized with "int" value
        Integer value1 = new Integer(i);

        // Display value1 result
        System.out.println("value1: " + value1);

        // It returns an Integer object holding the integer value 
        // denoted by the given String argument by calling 
        // value1.decode(str)
        Integer result = value1.decode(str);

        // Display result
        System.out.println("value1.decode(str) :" + result);
    }
}

Output

输出量

value1: 100
value1.decode(str) :20


翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/java/integer-class-decode-method-with-example.aspx

java define

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NFA(非确定有限状态自动机)是一种能够接受正则表达式描述的语言的自动机,而DFA(确定有限状态自动机)是一种处理有限长度字符串的自动机。将NFA转换为DFA可以使得语言的识别更高效,因为DFA比NFA更容易实现。 下面是一个Java实现NFA转DFA的示例代码: ```java import java.util.*; public class NFAtoDFA { private Set<Integer> states; private Set<Character> symbols; private int initialState; private Set<Integer> finalStates; private Map<Integer, Map<Character, Set<Integer>>> transitionFunction; public NFAtoDFA(Set<Integer> states, Set<Character> symbols, int initialState, Set<Integer> finalStates, Map<Integer, Map<Character, Set<Integer>>> transitionFunction) { this.states = states; this.symbols = symbols; this.initialState = initialState; this.finalStates = finalStates; this.transitionFunction = transitionFunction; } public DFA convertToDFA() { Map<Set<Integer>, Integer> dfaStates = new HashMap<>(); List<Set<Integer>> dfaStateList = new ArrayList<>(); int stateCount = 0; // Compute the epsilon closure of the initial state Set<Integer> initialClosure = epsilonClosure(initialState); // Add the initial state to the DFA dfaStates.put(initialClosure, stateCount); dfaStateList.add(initialClosure); stateCount++; // Initialize the transition function for the DFA Map<Integer, Map<Character, Integer>> dfaTransitionFunction = new HashMap<>(); // Process each unmarked state in the list for (int i = 0; i < dfaStateList.size(); i++) { Set<Integer> dfaState = dfaStateList.get(i); // For each symbol in the input alphabet for (char symbol : symbols) { // Compute the transition for this symbol Set<Integer> transition = new HashSet<>(); for (int state : dfaState) { Map<Character, Set<Integer>> transitionsForState = transitionFunction.get(state); if (transitionsForState != null) { Set<Integer> statesOnSymbol = transitionsForState.get(symbol); if (statesOnSymbol != null) { transition.addAll(statesOnSymbol); } } } // Compute the epsilon closure of the resulting state Set<Integer> closure = epsilonClosure(transition); // If the resulting state is new, add it to the DFA if (!dfaStates.containsKey(closure)) { dfaStates.put(closure, stateCount); dfaStateList.add(closure); stateCount++; } // Add the transition to the DFA transition function int sourceState = dfaStates.get(dfaState); int targetState = dfaStates.get(closure); if (!dfaTransitionFunction.containsKey(sourceState)) { dfaTransitionFunction.put(sourceState, new HashMap<>()); } dfaTransitionFunction.get(sourceState).put(symbol, targetState); } } // Compute the final states of the DFA Set<Integer> dfaFinalStates = new HashSet<>(); for (Set<Integer> dfaState : dfaStateList) { for (int nfaState : dfaState) { if (finalStates.contains(nfaState)) { dfaFinalStates.add(dfaStates.get(dfaState)); break; } } } // Create and return the DFA return new DFA(dfaStateList.size(), symbols, 0, dfaFinalStates, dfaTransitionFunction); } private Set<Integer> epsilonClosure(int state) { Set<Integer> closure = new HashSet<>(); Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>(); closure.add(state); stack.push(state); while (!stack.isEmpty()) { int currentState = stack.pop(); Map<Character, Set<Integer>> transitionsForState = transitionFunction.get(currentState); if (transitionsForState != null) { Set<Integer> statesOnEpsilon = transitionsForState.get(null); if (statesOnEpsilon != null) { for (int nextState : statesOnEpsilon) { if (!closure.contains(nextState)) { closure.add(nextState); stack.push(nextState); } } } } } return closure; } } ``` 下面是一个使用示例: ```java import java.util.*; public class NFAtoDFAExample { public static void main(String[] args) { // Define the input alphabet Set<Character> symbols = new HashSet<>(); symbols.add('a'); symbols.add('b'); // Define the NFA Set<Integer> states = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2, 3)); int initialState = 0; Set<Integer> finalStates = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(3)); Map<Integer, Map<Character, Set<Integer>>> transitionFunction = new HashMap<>(); transitionFunction.put(0, new HashMap<>()); transitionFunction.get(0).put('a', new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(0, 1))); transitionFunction.get(0).put(null, new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(2))); transitionFunction.put(1, new HashMap<>()); transitionFunction.get(1).put('b', new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(2))); transitionFunction.put(2, new HashMap<>()); transitionFunction.get(2).put('a', new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(3))); // Convert the NFA to a DFA NFAtoDFA nfaToDfa = new NFAtoDFA(states, symbols, initialState, finalStates, transitionFunction); DFA dfa = nfaToDfa.convertToDFA(); // Test the DFA System.out.println(dfa.accepts("aab")); // true System.out.println(dfa.accepts("abb")); // false } } ``` 在这个示例中,我们定义了一个NFA,并使用该NFA创建了一个NFAtoDFA对象。我们然后使用该对象调用convertToDFA()方法,该方法返回一个DFA对象。我们最后测试了DFA对象是否接受一些字符串。

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