软件故障_一些主要的软件故障

软件故障

The need for software engineering was realized by the software industry after some of its major failures. Some of these failures are listed below,

在经历了一些重大失败之后，软件行业意识到了对软件工程的需求 。 下面列出了其中一些故障，

Y2K问题 (The Y2K problem)

The Y2K problem is the problem that was faced in the year 2000. It was simply due to the ignorance of the first two digits of the year and following the following date format in computers: DD/MM/YY. Everything was fine until the year 1999, but when the year 2000 arrived, the date format was turned to XX/XX/00. Due to this many systems which were bound to the clock stopped working, many showed unexpected behaviors and others like the bank software were not able to make calculations according to the dates. This problem aroused due to the year change from 1999 to 2000, and that’s the reason this problem was named so.

Y2K问题是2000年面临的问题。这完全是由于该年的前两位数字的无所知以及计算机中以下日期格式的影响：DD / MM / YY。 在1999年之前一切都很好，但是在2000年到来时，日期格式改为XX / XX / 00。 由于与时钟相关联的许多系统停止工作，许多系统显示出意外的行为，而其他系统(如银行软件)无法根据日期进行计算。 由于从1999年到2000年的年份变化而引起了这个问题，这就是这个问题被如此命名的原因。

阿丽亚娜5 (Ariane 5)

This rocket from the European space agency was about to launch unmatched on June 4, 1996. Everything went fine in till the takeoff but just within forty seconds after its lift-off from Kourou, French Guiana, the rocket exploded.

这枚来自欧洲航天局的火箭即将在1996年6月4日无与伦比的发射。一切正常，直到起飞，但从法属圭亚那库鲁升空后的四十秒内，火箭爆炸了。

This explosion was due to the error in the software. After 37 seconds of the takeoff, the rocket lost the complete guidance of its altitudes. Due to this, the inertial reference system of the rocket failed as there was no scope of handling such information loss in the software.

爆炸是由于软件错误引起的。 起飞37秒后，火箭失去了其高度的完全引导。 因此，火箭的惯性参考系统出现故障，因为软件中没有处理此类信息丢失的范围。

爱国者导弹 (The Patriot Missile)

The Patriot missile was used in the Gulf war on Feb 25, 1991, as a defense from the Iraqi Scud missiles. The missile failed several times due to some Software problem which led to System failure of the missile. Also, one of its failures also resulted in the Scud to strike the American army base. This killed 28 soldiers and injured nearly 100 other people.

爱国者导弹在1991年2月25日的海湾战争中用作防御伊拉克飞毛腿导弹的武器。 由于某些软件问题，导致导弹的系统故障，导致导弹几次失败。 同样，它的失败之一也导致飞毛腿袭击了美国陆军基地。 这造成28名士兵死亡，近100人受伤。

The error in the missile occurred in the system’s clock. After 14 hours, the tracking system was no longer accurate. Specifically, the time in tenths of seconds as measured by the system's internal clock was multiplied by 1/10 to produce the time in seconds. So, as the system was operating for the last 100 hours, while the missile was operated, the 1/10^th of a second turned into the significant error which resulted in such a failure.

导弹的错误发生在系统的时钟中。 14小时后，跟踪系统不再准确。 具体来说，将系统内部时钟所测量的以十分之一秒为单位的时间乘以1/10，以产生以秒为单位的时间。 所以，作为该系统操作用于过去100小时，同时被操作的导弹中^，1/10秒变成这导致这样的故障的显著错误。

金融软件故障 (Financial Software Failures)

The failure in the Financial software has been faced several times by the companies and people. The accounting systems in such cases are not able to calculate the amount of each holder or firm correctly and this results in a loss to either the company or its clients. This failure can result in either producing wrong information or can also lead to the crashing of the whole system.

公司和人员已经多次遇到财务软件的故障。 在这种情况下，会计系统无法正确计算每个持有人或公司的数量，这会给公司或其客户造成损失。 此故障可能导致产生错误的信息，也可能导致整个系统崩溃。

The failure of the Financial Software is not only a threat to the software industry for that failure itself, but it can suffer them even further as it affects the belief of people and if they are not willing to work with such systems, this can be a huge loss for the other companies too.

金融软件的故障不仅会对软件行业本身造成威胁，而且还可能使他们遭受更大的打击，因为这会影响人们的信念，如果他们不愿意使用这样的系统，这可能是一个威胁。对其他公司来说也是巨大的损失。

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/basics/some-major-software-failures.aspx

软件故障