操作系统中的处理机调度调度_操作系统中的流程分类和调度

操作系统中的处理机调度调度

处理 (Process)

In the operating system, there are numerous task and application program run simultaneously. A program is stored in the hard disk or any other form of secondary storage. When the program is executed it must be loaded in the system’s memory. A process can be viewed as a program in execution. In the system, each process is assigned a unique Id when it is created and it will be referenced by the unique Id until the process completes execution and it is terminated. A process is an entity which performs the basic unit of work or one work at a time. We can say that a process is an instance of a computer program that is being executed. A process contains the program code and the activity that is going to be performed. when the computer program is in secondary memory then it is a passive entity or when a process is in main memory then it is an active entity. In the system, several processes may be associated with the same program.

在操作系统中，有许多任务和应用程序同时运行。 程序存储在硬盘或任何其他形式的辅助存储中。 执行程序时，必须将其加载到系统内存中。 可以将进程视为正在执行的程序。 在系统中，每个进程在创建时都会分配一个唯一的ID，并且唯一ID会引用该ID，直到该进程完成执行并终止为止。 流程是一次执行基本工作单元或一项工作的实体。 我们可以说一个进程是一个正在执行的计算机程序的实例。 一个过程包含程序代码和将要执行的活动。 当计算机程序位于辅助内存中时，它是一个被动实体，或者当进程位于主内存中时，它是一个主动实体。 在系统中，几个进程可能与同一程序相关联。

A process held a number of attributes like hardware, memory, CPU, and progress.

一个进程拥有许多属性，例如硬件，内存，CPU和进度。

Craft.io分类 (Process classification)

A process can be broadly categorized into the following two types based on its execution:

根据流程的执行情况，大致可将其分为以下两种类型：

• I/O-Bound process

  I / O绑定过程

  An I/O-bound process is a process whose execution time is determined mainly by the amount of time it spends completing I/O operations.

  绑定到I / O的进程是其执行时间主要由其完成I / O操作所花费的时间确定的进程。

• CPU-Bound process