运维工程师常见软件故障_软件故障分类| 软件工程师

运维工程师常见软件故障

Software failure arises due to the presence of errors in the software. However, the presence of errors in the software does not always lead to system failures. System failures are very critical and also their recovery is costly because they sometimes also affect the software, most of the times damaging the hardware completely. However, every software failure does not result in such situations, but still many of them do. Also, if the user requirements that the software was intended to offer, are not fulfilled, then this is also considered as a software failure.

由于软件中存在错误而导致软件故障 。 但是，软件中存在错误并不一定会导致系统故障。 系统故障非常关键，而且恢复成本很高，因为它们有时还会影响软件，多数时候会完全损坏硬件。 但是，每种软件故障均不会导致这种情况，但仍有许多情况会导致这种情况。 同样，如果未满足软件打算提供的用户要求，则这也被视为软件故障 。

Hence, the classification of software failures was done in order to find out its behavior on the hardware, its nature: whether recoverable or non-recoverable, etc.

因此，对软件故障进行了分类，以便找出其在硬件上的行为及其性质：可恢复还是不可恢复等。

We classify the software failures into five types, namely,

我们将软件故障分为五种类型：

1. Transient

   短暂的

2. Permanent

   常驻

3. Recoverable

   可恢复的

4. Unrecoverable

   无法恢复

5. Cosmetic

   化妆品

Now let us see what each of the following means...

现在让我们看看以下每个含义是什么...

1)瞬态 (1) Transient)

The transient software failures occur only for certain input values. Most of the time, these values turn to be out of the range that the system is able to handle which leads to system crashing and thus failure. Hence, while testing, the software is tested for both valid and invalid inputs to check the behavior and reliability of the software so that such conditions can be eliminated to the maximum extent.

暂时性软件故障仅在某些输入值时发生。 在大多数情况下，这些值会超出系统能够处理的范围，从而导致系统崩溃并因此导致故障。 因此，在测试时，会同时测试软件的有效输入和无效输入，以检查软件的行为和可靠性，从而可以最大程度地消除这种情况。

2)永久 (2) Permanent)

Their type of software failures occurs for all the input values. In such cases, a function that has error is invoked through the internal calling and then the error in it causes the failure. Some examples of it are the infinite loops that the function undergoes which causes the system to bear extra load which when exceeds the limit result in complete system failure.

对于所有输入值，都会发生其软件故障类型。 在这种情况下，具有错误的函数将通过内部调用被调用，然后其中的错误导致失败。 它的一些示例是函数经历的无限循环，该循环导致系统承受额外的负载，当超出限制时，将导致完全的系统故障。

3)可恢复 (3) Recoverable)

The recoverable system failures are such that for a time duration, they fail to respond to any of the user’s command. In such cases, the system usually gets hanged, it does not respond or sometimes the screen may also go blank, but after a duration of time, the system itself tries to resolve the issue and the software again starts to function.

可恢复的系统故障在一段时间内无法响应任何用户命令。 在这种情况下，系统通常会挂起，无响应或有时屏幕也可能变黑，但是经过一段时间后，系统本身会尝试解决问题，然后软件再次开始运行。

4)无法恢复 (4) Unrecoverable)

The unrecoverable software is usually the most damage causing to the hardware. This software, when failed, does not recover itself. Most of the time they destroy the hardware components, or the system needs to be restarted which causes an unexpected behavior to the other running applications too.

通常，不可恢复的软件对硬件造成的损害最大。 该软件出现故障时不会自行恢复。 在大多数情况下，它们会破坏硬件组件，或者需要重新启动系统，这也会对其他正在运行的应用程序造成意外行为。

5)宇宙 (5) Cosmic)

The cosmic classification of software failures is the least damaging. They hardly cause any problem to the other software or hardware. They may just cause some minor irritations like getting the mouse to be stuck at a place for a while, etc. No incorrect results are produced in this type of software failure.

软件故障的宇宙分类是损害最小的。 它们几乎不会对其他软件或硬件造成任何问题。 它们可能只会引起一些轻微的不适，例如将鼠标卡在某个位置一段时间等等。在这种类型的软件故障中，不会产生任何不正确的结果。

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/basics/classification-of-software-failures-software-engineer.aspx

运维工程师常见软件故障