8086寄存器中通常_8086微处理器中的寄存器类型

8086寄存器中通常

In the 8086 Microprocessor, the registers are categorized into mainly four types:

在8086微处理器中 ，寄存器主要分为四种类型：

1. General Purpose Registers

   通用寄存器

2. Segment Registers

   段寄存器

3. Pointers and Index Registers

   指针和索引寄存器

4. Flag or Status Register

   标志或状态寄存器

1)通用寄存器 (1) General Purpose Registers)

The use of general-purpose registers is to store temporary data. While the instructions are executed in the control unit, they may work on some numeric value or some operands. These need to be stored somewhere so that the processor can operate on them easily. So, these registers are used in these cases. There are 4 general-purpose registers of 16-bit length each. Each of them is further divided into two subparts of 8-bit length each: one high, which stores the higher-order bits and another low which stores the lower order bits.

通用寄存器的用途是存储临时数据。 在控制单元中执行指令时，它们可能对某些数值或某些操作数起作用。 这些需要存储在某个地方，以便处理器可以轻松地对其进行操作。 因此，在这些情况下使用这些寄存器。 每个都有4个16位长的通用寄存器。 它们每个都进一步分为两个8位长的子部分：一个高位存储高位，另一个低位存储低位。

1. AX = [AH:AL]

   AX = [AH：AL]

2. BX = [BH:BL]

   BX = [BH：BL]

3. CX = [CH:CL]

   CX = [CH：CL]

4. DX = [DH:DL]

   DX = [DH：DL]

2)段寄存器 (2) Segment Registers)

There are 4 segment registers in 8086 Microprocessor and each of them is of 16 bit. The code and instructions are stored inside these different segments.

8086微处理器中有4个段寄存器，每个段寄存器均为16位。 代码和指令存储在这些不同的段中。

1. Code Segment (CS) Register:

   代码段(CS)寄存器：

   The user cannot modify the content of these registers. Only the microprocessor's compiler can do this.

   用户无法修改这些寄存器的内容。 只有微处理器的编译器才能执行此操作。

2. Data Segment (DS) Register:

   数据段(DS)寄存器：

   The user can modify the content of the data segment.

   用户可以修改数据段的内容。

3. Stack Segment (SS) Registers:

   堆栈段(SS)寄存器：

   The SS is used to store the information about the memory segment. The operations of the SS are mainly Push and Pop.

   SS用于存储有关内存段的信息。 SS的操作主要是Push和Pop。

4. Extra Segment (ES) Register:

   附加段(ES)寄存器：

   By default, the control of the compiler remains in the DS where the user can add and modify the instructions. If there is less space in that segment, then ES is used. ES is also used for copying purpose.

   默认情况下，编译器的控件保留在DS中，用户可以在其中添加和修改指令。 如果该段中的空间较小，则使用ES。 ES也用于复制目的。

3)指针和索引寄存器 (3) Pointers and Index Registers)

The pointers will always store some address or memory location. In 8086 Microprocessor, they usually store the offset through which the actual address is calculated.

指针将始终存储一些地址或内存位置。 在8086微处理器中 ，它们通常存储用于计算实际地址的偏移量。

1. Instruction Pointer (IP):

   指令指针(IP)：

   The instruction pointer usually stores the address of the next instruction that is to be executed. Apart from this, it also acts as an offset for CS register.

   指令指针通常存储要执行的下一条指令的地址。 除此之外，它还充当CS寄存器的偏移量。

2. Base Pointer (BP):

   基本指针(BP)：

   The Base pointer stores the base address of the memory. Also, it acts as an offset for Stack Segment (SS).

   基址指针存储存储器的基址。 此外，它还用作堆栈段(SS)的偏移量。

3. Stack Pointer (SP):

   堆栈指针(SP)：

   The Stack Pointer Points at the current top value of the Stack. Like the BP, it also acts as an offset to the Stack Segment (SS).

   堆栈指针指向堆栈的当前最高值。 像BP一样，它也充当堆栈段(SS)的偏移量。

   The indexes are used with the extra segment and they usually are used for copying the contents of a particular block of memory to a new location.

   索引与额外的段一起使用，它们通常用于将特定内存块的内容复制到新位置。

4. Source Index (SI):

   来源指数(SI)：

   It stores the offset address of the source.

   它存储源的偏移地址。

5. Destination Index (DI):

   目的地索引(DI)：

   It stores the offset address of the Destination.

   它存储目标的偏移地址。

4)标志或状态寄存器 (4) Flag or Status Register)

The Flag or Status register is a 16-bit register which contains 9 flags, and the remaining 7 bits are idle in this register. These flags tell about the status of the processor after any arithmetic or logical operation. IF the flag value is 1, the flag is set, and if it is 0, it is said to be reset.

标志或状态寄存器是一个16位寄存器，其中包含9个标志，其余7位在该寄存器中处于空闲状态。 这些标志告诉您进行任何算术或逻辑运算后处理器的状态。 如果标志值为1，则设置标志，如果标志为0，则将其重置。

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/embedded-system/types-of-registers-in-the-8086-microprocessor.aspx

8086寄存器中通常