gnu grub_GNU GRUB | 免费和开源软件

gnu grub

GNU GRUB (GNU GRUB)

GNU GRUB (generally alluded to as GRUB) is a boot loader from the GNU Project. GRUB is the reference execution of the Free Software Foundation's Multiboot Specification, which gives a client the decision to boot one of different working OS introduced on a PC or select a particular kernel config accessible on a specific OS partition.

GNU GRUB (通常称为GRUB)是GNU Project的引导加载程序。 GRUB是Free Software Foundation的Multiboot Specification的参考执行，它使客户端可以决定引导PC上引入的不同工作OS之一，或者选择可在特定OS分区上访问的特定内核配置。

A package was extracted as GNU GRUB and called the Grand Unified Bootloader It is overwhelmingly utilized for Unix-like systems. The GNU OS utilizes GNU GRUB as its boot loader, as do most Linux distributions and the Solaris OS on x86 systems, beginning with the Solaris 10 1/06 version.

提取了一个名为GNU GRUB的软件包，并将其称为Grand Unified Bootloader。该软件包绝大多数用于类Unix系统。 从Solaris 10 1/06版本开始，大多数Linux发行版和x86系统上的Solaris OS一样，GNU OS将GNU GRUB用作其引导加载程序。

Grub (the GRand Unified Bootloader) is a boot loader intended to address the impediments of LILO. It compensates for various lacks in numerous PC BIOSs while giving full-highlighted direction line and graphical interfaces. Grub perceives Fdisk allotments, can powerfully peruse Linux ext2fs, and MSDOS FAT16 and FAT32 filesystems, and can boot multiboot-consistent pieces.

Grub ( GRand Unified Bootloader )是一种旨在解决LILO障碍的引导加载程序。 它弥补了众多PC BIOS中的各种不足，同时提供了充分突出的方向线和图形界面。 Grub可以感知Fdisk的分配，可以有效地阅读Linux ext2fs，MSDOS FAT16和FAT32文件系统，并且可以引导多次引导一致的文件。

A bootloader is significant as it is difficult to begin an OS without it. It is the principal program that begins when the program is turned on. The bootloader moves the control to the OS Kernel.

引导加载程序非常重要，因为没有它就很难启动操作系统。 它是在程序打开时开始的主要程序。 引导加载程序将控件移至OS内核。

GRUB功能 (GRUB Features)

GRUB is the default bootloader for almost every Linux Distribution available in the market because of the feature and extensions of previous bootloaders. Some of the features of GRUB are as Follows,

GRUB是市场上几乎所有Linux发行版的默认引导程序，这是因为先前的引导程序的功能和扩展。 GRUB的某些功能如下：

• LBA (Logical Block Addressing Mode) is supported by GRUB which puts the tending to transformation used to discover documents into the firmware of the hard drive.

  GRUB支持LBA (逻辑块寻址模式)，这使用于发现文档的转换趋向硬盘驱动器的固件。

• GRUB gives the greatest adaptability in stacking the OS with required alternatives utilizing a direction based, pre-operating system condition.

  GRUB利用基于方向的预操作系统条件，在将OS与所需的替代方案堆叠在一起时具有最大的适应性。

  The booting choices, for example, kernel parameters can be altered utilizing the GRUB command line.

  可以使用GRUB命令行更改引导选项，例如内核参数。

• There is no compelling reason to indicate the physical area of the Linux portion for GRUB. It just required the hard circle number, the parcel number and record name of the piece.

  没有充分的理由说明用于GRUB的Linux部分的物理区域。 它只需要硬圈号，包裹号和件的记录名称。

• GRUB can boot practically any OS utilizing the direct and chain stacking boot techniques.

  GRUB可以利用直接和链式堆栈启动技术来启动几乎所有操作系统。

GRUB安装过程 (GRUB Installation Process)

After installation GRUB becomes the default bootloader automatically, only the steps to install GRUB should be kept in mind,

安装完成后， GRUB自动成为默认的引导加载程序，仅应记住安装GRUB的步骤，

1. Make sure you use the latest version of the GRUB package and install the same.

   确保使用最新版本的GRUB软件包并进行安装。

2. The root shell prompt opens up and the command "/sbin/grub-install" must be run as soon as the GRUB package is installed on the system. You will see in the command the installed location of GRUB Stage 1 Bootloader.

   根外壳程序提示符打开，并且在系统上安装GRUB软件包后，必须立即运行命令“ / sbin / grub-install” 。 您将在命令中看到GRUB Stage 1 Bootloader的安装位置。

3. As soon as you follow these steps, restart your system.

   一旦按照这些步骤，请重新启动系统。

4. GRUB graphical bootloader menu appears before any of the OS Kernels is loaded onto memory as soon as your system boots up.

   一旦系统启动，就会在任何OS内核加载到内存之前出现GRUB图形化引导加载程序菜单。

GRUB接口 (GRUB Interfaces)

There are three interfaces in GRUB which all give various degrees of usefulness. The Linux kernel can be booted by the users with the assistance of these interfaces. Insights concerning the interfaces are,

GRUB中有三个接口，它们都提供不同程度的有用性。 用户可以借助这些接口来启动Linux内核。 有关接口的见解是，

1. Menu Interface: The GRUB is arranged by the installation program in the menu interface. It is the default interface accessible. It contains a list of the OS or kernels which are requested by name. An OS or kernel can be chosen utilizing the navigation keys and it very well may be booted utilizing the enter key.

   菜单界面 ：GRUB由安装程序在菜单界面中安排。 这是可访问的默认界面。 它包含按名称请求的操作系统或内核的列表。 可以使用导航键选择OS或内核，也可以使用Enter键启动操作系统或内核。

2. Menu Entry Editor Interface: The key in the boot loader menu is utilized to get to the menu section proofreader. All the GRUB commands for the specific menu section are shown there and these directions might be modified before stacking the OS.

   菜单条目编辑器界面 ：引导程序菜单中的键用于进入菜单部分的校对员。 特定菜单部分的所有GRUB命令都显示在此处，并且在堆叠OS之前可以修改这些方向。

3. Direction Line Interface: This interface is the most fundamental GRUB interface yet it gives the most control to the client. Utilizing the command line interface, any order can be executed by composing it and afterward pressing enter. This interface likewise includes some propelled shell features.

   方向线接口 ：此接口是最基本的GRUB接口，但它为客户端提供了最大的控制权。 利用命令行界面，可以编写任何命令，然后按Enter键即可执行任何命令。 该界面同样包含一些推进的壳体特征。

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/foss/gnu-grub-free-and-open-source-software.aspx

gnu grub