In this article, we will be focusing on the different ways to convert String to char array and char array to String in C++. While dealing with String data, we may need to convert the string data items to character array and vice-versa. This tutorial will help you solve exactly that.
在本文中,我们将重点介绍在C ++中将String转换为char数组和将char数组转换为String的不同方法。 在处理字符串数据时,我们可能需要将字符串数据项转换为字符数组,反之亦然。 本教程将帮助您完全解决该问题。
在C ++中将字符串转换为Char数组 (Convert String to Char Array in C++)
C++ provides us with the following techniques to convert a string to char array:
C ++为我们提供了以下技术,可将字符串转换为char数组:
- Using c_str() and strcpy() function 使用c_str()和strcpy()函数
- Using a for loop 使用for循环
1. C ++中的c_str()和strcpy()函数 (1. The c_str() and strcpy() function in C++)
C++ c_str()
function along with C++ String strcpy()
function can be used to convert a string to char array easily.
C ++ c_str()
函数以及C ++字符串strcpy()
函数可用于轻松地将字符串转换为char数组。
The c_str() method represents the sequence of characters in an array of string followed by a null character (‘\0’). It returns a null pointer to the string.
c_str()方法表示字符串数组中的字符序列,后跟一个空字符('\ 0') 。 它返回指向该字符串的空指针。
Syntax:
句法:
string-name.c_str();
- At first, we use c_str() method to get all the characters of the string along with a terminating null character. 首先,我们使用c_str()方法获取字符串的所有字符以及一个终止的空字符。
- Further, we declare an empty array of type char to store the result i.e. result of the conversion of string to char array. 此外,我们声明了一个char类型的空数组来存储结果,即将字符串转换为char数组的结果。
- Finally, we use strcpy() method to copy the character sequence generated by the c_str() method to the empty char array. 最后,我们使用strcpy()方法将c_str()方法生成的字符序列复制到空char数组中。
Example:
例:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string str = "";
cout<<"Enter the string:\n";
cin>>str;
char arr[str.length() + 1];
strcpy(arr, str.c_str());
cout<<"String to char array conversion:\n";
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
cout << arr[i];
return 0;
}
Output:
输出:
Enter the string:
JournalDev
String to char array conversion:
JournalDev
2.在C ++中使用for循环将字符串转换为Char数组 (2. String to Char Array Conversion in C++ Using for Loop in)
For the conversion of char array to a string, we can use C++ for loops with ease.
为了将char数组转换为字符串,我们可以轻松地将C ++用于循环 。
- Initially, we create an empty array of type char 最初,我们创建一个类型为char的空数组
- After this, we iterate through the input string 之后,我们遍历输入字符串
- While iterating, we store the characters into the char array 进行迭代时,我们将字符存储到char数组中
Example:
例:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string str = "";
cout<<"Enter the string:\n";
cin>>str;
char arr[str.length() + 1];
cout<<"String to char array conversion:\n";
for (int x = 0; x < sizeof(arr); x++) {
arr[x] = str[x];
cout << arr[x];
}
return 0;
}
Output:
输出:
Enter the string:
JournalDev
String to char array conversion:
JournalDev
在C ++中将Char数组转换为字符串 (Convert Char Array to String in C++)
The mentioned techniques can be used to convert a char array to string in C++:
提到的技术可用于在C ++中将char数组转换为字符串:
- The ‘+’ operator “ +”运算符
- C++ overloaded ‘=’ operator C ++ 重载的'='运算符
- C++ inbuilt-constructor C ++ 内置构造函数
1. C ++“ +”运算符 (1. C++ ‘+’ operator )
C++ provides us with '+' operator
to concatenate or add data items to a variable.
C ++为我们提供了'+' operator
以将数据项连接或添加到变量。
- We create a new empty string to store the result. 我们创建一个新的空字符串来存储结果。
- Taking it ahead, we use a for loop to traverse through the input char array. 首先,我们使用for循环遍历输入char数组。
- In the process of traversing through the array, we use ‘+’ operator to concatenate the characters to the string. 在遍历数组的过程中,我们使用'+'运算符将字符连接到字符串。
Example:
例:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char arr[] = { 'J', 'O', 'U', 'R', 'N', 'A', 'L', 'D', 'E', 'V' };
int size_arr = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(char);
string str = "";
for (int x = 0; x < size_arr; x++) {
str = str + arr[x];
}
cout<<"Converted char array to string:\n";
cout << str << endl;
return 0;
}
Output:
输出:
Converted char array to string:
JOURNALDEV
2. C ++重载“ =”运算符 (2. C++ overloaded ‘=’ operator)
C++ has got the concept of overloading which makes an operator perform other operations apart from the basic or default operation.
C ++具有重载的概念,它使操作员可以执行除基本或默认操作之外的其他操作。
- Initially, we create a new empty string. 最初,我们创建一个新的空字符串。
- We use the overloaded
'=' operator
to store the data items character by character into the newly created empty string. 我们使用重载的'=' operator
将数据项逐个字符存储到新创建的空字符串中。
Example:
例:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char arr[] = { 'J', 'O', 'U', 'R', 'N', 'A', 'L', 'D', 'E', 'V' };
int size_arr = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(char);
string str = "";
str = arr;
cout<<"Converted char array to string:\n";
cout << str << endl;
return 0;
}
Output:
输出:
Converted char array to string:
JOURNALDEV
3.C ++ String内置构造函数 (3.C++ String inbuilt constructor)
In the context of conversion of char array to string, we can use C++ String Constructor for the same.
在将char数组转换为字符串的上下文中,我们可以使用C ++字符串构造函数 。
Syntax:
句法:
string string-name(char array-name);
This constructor takes a sequence of characters terminated by a null character as an input parameter.
此构造函数将以空字符结尾的字符序列作为输入参数。
Note: This constructor string string()
can be used only at the time of string declaration throughout the program.
注意 :此constructor string string()
仅可在整个程序中声明字符串时使用。
Example:
例:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char arr[] = { 'J', 'O', 'U', 'R', 'N', 'A', 'L', 'D', 'E', 'V' };
int size_arr = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(char);
string str(arr);
cout<<"Converted char array to string:\n";
cout <<str<< endl;
return 0;
}
Output:
输出:
Converted char array to string:
JOURNALDEV
结论 (Conclusion)
In this article, we have understood various techniques to convert string to char array and vice-versa in C++.
在本文中,我们了解了在C ++中将字符串转换为char数组(反之亦然)的各种技术。
参考资料 (References)
翻译自: https://www.journaldev.com/37220/convert-string-to-char-array-c-plus-plus