MongoDB中的CRUD操作

CRUD operations refer to the basic Insert, Read, Update and Delete operations. In the previous chapter, we learnt about how to create a database and drop the database in MongoDB. Now, let us learn how to perform CRUD (Create/Read/Update/Delete) operations in MongoDB.


CRUD操作是指基本的插入，读取，更新和删除操作。 在上一章中，我们了解了如何创建数据库并将数据库删除到MongoDB中。 现在，让我们学习如何在MongoDB中执行CRUD(创建/读取/更新/删除)操作。

MongoDB：将文档插入集合(创建) (MongoDB: Inserting a document into a collection(Create))

The command db.collection.insert() will perform an insert operation into a collection of a document.

命令db.collection.insert()将执行插入操作到文档集合中。

Let us insert a document to a student collection. You must be connected to a database for doing any insert. It is done as follows:

让我们将文档插入到student集合中。 您必须连接到数据库才能进行任何插入。 可以这样完成：

db.student.insert({
	regNo: "3014",
	name: "Test Student",
	course: {
		courseName: "MCA",
		duration: "3 Years"
	},
	address: {
		city: "Bangalore",
		state: "KA",
		country: "India"
	}
})

Note that an entry has been made into the collection called student.

请注意，已将一个名为“ student”的条目输入到集合中。

MongoDB：从集合中查询文档(阅读) (MongoDB: Querying a document from a collection(Read))

To retrieve (Select) the inserted document, run the below command. The find() command will retrieve all the documents of the given collection.

要检索(选择)插入的文档，请运行以下命令。 find()命令将检索给定集合的所有文档。

db.collection_name.find()

NOTE: Please observe that the record retrieved contains an attribute called _id with some unique identifier value called ObjectId which acts as a document identifier.

注意：请注意，检索到的记录包含一个名为_id的属性，该属性具有一些称为ObjectId的唯一标识符值，该值充当文档标识符。

If a record is to be retrieved based on some criteria, the find() method should be called passing parameters, then the record will be retrieved based on the attributes specified.

如果要根据某些条件检索记录，则应将find()方法称为传递参数，然后将根据指定的属性检索记录。

db.collection_name.find({"fieldname":"value"})

For Example: Let us retrieve the record from the student collection where the attribute regNo is 3014 and the query for the same is as shown below:

例如：让我们从学生集合中检索记录，其中regNo属性为3014 ， 对它的查询如下所示：

db.students.find({"regNo":"3014"})

MongoDB：更新集合中的文档(更新) (MongoDB: Updating a document in a collection(Update))

In order to update specific field values of a collection in MongoDB, run the below query.

为了更新MongoDB中集合的特定字段值，请运行以下查询。

db.collection_name.update()

update() method specified above will take the fieldname and the new value as argument to update a document.

上面指定的update()方法将以字段名和新值作为参数来更新文档。

Let us update the attribute name of the collection student for the document with regNo 3014.

让我们使用regNo 3014更新文档的收款学生的属性名称 。

db.student.update({
	"regNo": "3014"	
},
$set:
{
	"name":"Viraj"
})

You will see the following in the Command Prompt:

您将在命令提示符中看到以下内容：

MongoDB：从集合中删除条目(删除) (MongoDB: Removing an entry from the collection(Delete))

Let us now look into the deleting an entry from a collection. In order to delete an entry from a collection, run the command as shown below:

现在让我们研究一下从集合中删除条目。 为了从集合中删除条目，请运行以下命令：

db.collection_name.remove({"fieldname":"value"})

For Example: db.student.remove({"regNo":"3014"})

例如： db.student.remove({"regNo":"3014"})

Note that after running the remove() method, the entry has been deleted from the student collection.

请注意，在运行remove()方法之后，该条目已从学生集合中删除。

翻译自: https://www.studytonight.com/mongodb/crud-operations-mongodb