cisc 和 risc_RISC和CISC处理器

cisc 和 risc

In this tutorial, we will learn about RISC Processor and CISC Processor and difference between them.

在本教程中，我们将学习RISC处理器和CISC处理器以及它们之间的区别。

RISC处理器 (RISC Processor)

It is known as Reduced Instruction Set Computer. It is a type of microprocessor that has a limited number of instructions. They can execute their instructions very fast because instructions are very small and simple.

它被称为精简指令集计算机。 它是一种微处理器，其指令数量有限。 他们可以非常快速地执行指令，因为指令非常小而简单。

RISC chips require fewer transistors which make them cheaper to design and produce. In RISC, the instruction set contains simple and basic instructions from which more complex instruction can be produced. Most instructions complete in one cycle, which allows the processor to handle many instructions at same time.

RISC芯片需要较少的晶体管，这使其设计和生产成本更低。 在RISC中，指令集包含简单和基本的指令，可以从中产生更复杂的指令。 大多数指令在一个周期内完成，这使处理器可以同时处理许多指令。

In this instructions are register based and data transfer takes place from register to register.

在此指令中基于寄存器，并且数据在寄存器之间进行传输。

CISC处理器 (CISC Processor)

• It is known as Complex Instruction Set Computer.

  它被称为复杂指令集计算机。

• It was first developed by Intel.

  它最初由Intel开发。

• It contains large number of complex instructions.

  它包含大量复杂的指令。

• In this instructions are not register based.

  在此说明中，不是基于寄存器的。

• Instructions cannot be completed in one machine cycle.

  指令不能在一个机器周期内完成。

• Data transfer is from memory to memory.

  数据在内存之间传输。

• Micro programmed control unit is found in CISC.

  在CISC中可以找到微程序控制单元。

• Also they have variable instruction formats.

  而且它们具有可变的指令格式。

CISC和RISC之间的区别 (Difference Between CISC and RISC)

Architectural Characterstics	Complex Instruction Set Computer(CISC)	Reduced Instruction Set Computer(RISC)
Instruction size and format	Large set of instructions with variable formats (16-64 bits per instruction).	Small set of instructions with fixed format (32 bit).
Data transfer	Memory to memory.	Register to register.
CPU control	Most micro coded using control memory (ROM) but modern CISC use hardwired control.	Mostly hardwired without control memory.
Instruction type	Not register based instructions.	Register based instructions.
Memory access	More memory access.	Less memory access.
Clocks	Includes multi-clocks.	Includes single clock.
Instruction nature	Instructions are complex.	Instructions are reduced and simple.

建筑特征	复杂指令集计算机(CISC)	精简指令集计算机(RISC)
指令大小和格式	具有可变格式的大量指令集(每条指令16-64位)。	固定格式(32位)的小型指令集。
数据传输	内存到内存。	注册注册。
CPU控制	大多数使用控制存储器(ROM)进行微编码，但现代CISC使用硬接线控制。	大多数情况下都是硬连线的，没有控制存储器。
指令类型	不注册基于指令的指令。	注册基于说明。
记忆体存取	更多的内存访问。	较少的内存访问。
钟表	包括多时钟。	包括单个时钟。
教学性质	指令很复杂。	指令减少且简单。

翻译自: https://www.studytonight.com/computer-architecture/risc-cisc-processors

cisc 和 risc