串行通讯数据发送时的格式_串行数据通讯

串行通讯数据发送时的格式

Lets' start by understanding what Data communication processors are,

让我们首先了解什么是数据通信处理器，

数据通讯处理器 (Data Communication Processor)

A data communication processor is an I/O processor that distributes and collects data from numerous remote terminals connected through telephone and other communication lines to the computer. It is a specialized I/O processor designed to communicate with data communication networks.

数据通信处理器是一种I / O处理器，它从通过电话和其他通信线路连接到计算机的众多远程终端分发和收集数据。 它是专门设计用于与数据通信网络进行通信的I / O处理器。

Such a communication network consists of variety of devices such as printers, display devices, digital sensors etc. serving many users at once. The data communication processor communicates with each terminal through a single pair of wire. It also communicates with CPU and memory in the same manner as any I/O processor does.

这种通信网络由多种设备组成，例如打印机，显示设备，数字传感器等，这些设备可同时为许多用户提供服务。 数据通信处理器通过单对电线与每个终端进行通信。 它还以与任何I / O处理器相同的方式与CPU和内存进行通信。

什么是调制解调器？ (What is Modem?)

In a Data Communication Network, the remote terminals are connected to the data communication processor through telephone lines or other wires. Such telephone lines are specially designed for voice communication and computers use them to communicate in digital signals, therefore some conversion is required. These conversions are called modem (modulator-demodulator).

在数据通信网络中，远程终端通过电话线或其他电线连接到数据通信处理器。 这种电话线是专门为语音通信而设计的，计算机使用它们来以数字信号进行通信，因此需要进行一些转换。 这些转换称为调制解调器(调制器-解调器)。

A modem converts digital signal into audio tones to be transmitted over telephone lines and also converts audio tones into digital signal for machine use.

调制解调器将数字信号转换为音频信号，以便通过电话线传输，也将音频信号转换为数字信号，供机器使用。

传播方式 (Modes Of Transmission)

Data can be transmitted between 2 points by three different modes:

可以通过三种不同的模式在2点之间传输数据：

单面 (Simplex)

A simplex line carries information in one direction only. In this mode receiver cannot communicate with the sender to indicate the occurrence of errors that means only sender can send data but receiver cannot. For example: Radio and Television Broadcasting.

单工线仅在一个方向上承载信息。 在此模式下，接收方无法与发送方通信以指示错误的发生，这意味着只有发送方可以发送数据，而接收方不能。 例如：广播电视广播。

半双工 (Half Duplex)

In half duplex mode, system is capable of transmitting data in both directions but data can be transmitted in one direction only at a time. A pair of wires is needed for this mode. For example: Walkie - Talkie.

在半双工模式下，系统能够在两个方向上传输数据，但是一次只能在一个方向上传输数据。 此模式需要一对导线。 例如：对讲机-对讲机。

全双工 (Full Duplex)

In this mode data can be send and received in both directions simultaneously. In this four wire link is used. For example: Video Calling, Audio calling etc.

在这种模式下，可以同时在两个方向上发送和接收数据。 在此使用四线链接。 例如：视频通话，音频通话等。

什么是协议？ ( What are Protocols?)

The communication lines, modems and other devices used in any transmission are collectively called a Data Link. The orderly transmission of data in a data link can be accomplished by a protocol.

任何传输中使用的通信线路，调制解调器和其他设备统称为数据链路 。 数据链路中数据的有序传输可以通过协议来完成。

A Protocol is a set of rules that are followed by interconnecting devices to ensure that all data is passed correctly without any error.

协议是互连设备遵循的一组规则，以确保正确传输所有数据而没有任何错误。

协议类型 (Types of Protocols)

There are two types of protocols:

协议有两种类型：

面向字符的协议 (Character Oriented Protocol)

It is based on the binary code of character set. The code is mostly used in ASCII. It includes upper case and lower case letters, numerals and variety of special symbols. The characters that control the transmission is called communication control characters.

它基于字符集的二进制代码。 该代码主要用于ASCII中 。 它包括大写和小写字母，数字和各种特殊符号。 控制传输的字符称为通信控制字符 。

面向比特的协议 (Bit Oriented Protocol)

It does not use characters in its control field and is independent of any code. It allows the transmission of serial bit stream of any length without the implication of character boundaries.

它在控制字段中不使用字符，并且独立于任何代码。 它允许传输任何长度的串行位流，而无需暗示字符边界。

翻译自: https://www.studytonight.com/computer-architecture/serial-communication

串行通讯数据发送时的格式