自己编写的线性代数库之向量

/*
 * Vector.h
 *
 *  Created on: 2013年12月31日
 *      Author: 何飞
 */

#ifndef VECTOR_RAINBOW_H_
#define VECTOR_RAINBOW_H_
#pragma once
#include "stdio.h"
#include "math.h"
#include "iostream"
#include "string"
using namespace std;

namespace Rainbow/*Rainbow Louis是我的英文名字*/
{
  template<unsigned int length = 4, typename TElement = float>
    class Vector
    {
    public:
      //数据成员
      TElement Elements[length];
    public:
      //构造和析构
      Vector(void)
      {
        //初始各个值都初始化为0
        SetValue(0);
      }
      Vector(TElement value)
      {
        //初始各个值都初始化为value
        SetValue(value);
      }
      ~Vector(void)
      {
      }
    public:
      /***************************************************************************
       * 设置元素
       **************************************************************************/
      void
      SetValue(TElement value)
      {
        //初始各个值都设置为0
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
          {
            this->Elements[i] = value;
          }
      }

    public:
      /***************************************************************************
       * 加法运算
       **************************************************************************/
      //自加一个数
      void
      operator +=(const TElement& num)
      {
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
          {
            Elements[i] = Elements[i] + num;
          }
      }
      //数在右边
      Vector<length, TElement>
      operator +(const TElement& num) const
      {
        Vector<length, TElement> result = *this;
        result += num;
        return (result);
      }
      //数在左边,向量在右边
      friend Vector<length, TElement>
      operator +(const TElement& num, const Vector<length, TElement>& vec)
      {
        Vector<length, TElement> result = vec;
        result += num;
        return (result);
      }
      //自加一个向量
      void
      operator +=(const Vector<length, TElement>& vec)
      {
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
          {
            Elements[i] = Elements[i] + vec.Elements[i];
          }
      }
      //左右都是向量
      friend Vector<length, TElement>
      operator +(const Vector<length, TElement>& left,
          const Vector<length, TElement>& right)
      {
        Vector<length, TElement> result = left;
        result += right;
        return (result);
      }
    public:
      /***************************************************************************
       * 乘法运算
       **************************************************************************/
      //自乘一数
      void
      operator *=(const TElement& num)
      {
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
          {
            Elements[i] = Elements[i] * num;
          }
      }
      //数在右边
      Vector<length, TElement>
      operator *(const TElement& num) const
      {
        Vector<length, TElement> result = *this;
        result += num;
        return (result);
      }
      //数在左边,向量在右边
      friend Vector<length, TElement>
      operator *(const TElement& num, const Vector<length, TElement>& vec)
      {
        Vector<length, TElement> result = vec;
        result += num;
        return (result);
      }
      //左右都是向量(向量之间的点乘)
      friend TElement
      operator *(const Vector<length, TElement>& left,
          const Vector<length, TElement>& right)
      {
        TElement result = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
          {
            result += (left.Elements[i] * right.Elements[i]);
          };
        return (result);
      }
      /***************************************************************************
       * 减法运算
       **************************************************************************/
      //自减1向量
      void
      operator -=(const Vector<length, TElement>& right)
      {
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
          {
            Elements[i] = Elements[i] - right.Elements[i];
          };
      }
      //左右都是向量(对应元素相减)
      friend Vector<length, TElement>
      operator -(const Vector<length, TElement>& left,
          const Vector<length, TElement>& right)
      {
        Vector<length, TElement> result = left;
        result -= right;
        return (result);
      }
    public:
      /***************************************************************************
       * 求模运算:也就是距离原点的距离
       **************************************************************************/
      TElement
      Norm() const
      {
        TElement SquareSum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
          {
            //1.取得元素
            TElement d = Elements[i];
            //2.计算元素的平方
            TElement Square = d * d;
            //3.计算平方和
            SquareSum += Square;
          };
        //最后开放返回
        return (sqrt(SquareSum));
      }

      //向量的单位化
      Vector<length, TElement>
      Identity() const
      {
        Vector<length, TElement> result;
        //1.先取得长度
        TElement L = this->Norm();
        //2.求得长度的倒数
        TElement L1 = 1 / L;
        //3.每个元素都乘以一个系数
        return ((*this) * L1);
      }
    };

//输出函数(调试专用)
  template<unsigned int length = 4, typename TElement = float>
    ostream&
    operator<<(ostream& out, const Vector<length, TElement> vector)
    {
      out << "Vector<" << length << ">" << endl;
      for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
        {
          out << "\t" << vector.Elements[i] << endl;
        }
      return (out);
    }

}
#endif