观察者模式:
定义了一种一对多的关系,让多个观察者监听同一个主题对象。这个主题对象在状态更新,发生变化时,会通知其列表中的所有观察者对象,让观察者更新状态,或者做出相应反应。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace 设计模式
{
abstract class Subject
{
private IList<Observer> observers = new List<Observer>();
//增加需要被通知的对象
public void Attach(Observer observer)
{
observers.Add(observer);
}
//移除需要被通知的对象
public void Detach(Observer observer)
{
observers.Remove(observer);
}
//通知所有在列表中的对象
public void Notify()
{
foreach (Observer o in observers)
{
o.Update();
}
}
}
abstract class Observer
{
public abstract void Update();
}
//具体通知者
class ConcreteSubject1 : Subject
{
private string subjectState;
public string SubjectState
{
get { return subjectState; }
set { subjectState = value; }
}
}
//具体观察者(待通知者)
class ConcreteObserver : Observer
{
private string name;
private string observerState;
private ConcreteSubject1 subject;
public ConcreteObserver(ConcreteSubject1 subject,string name)
{
this.subject = subject;
this.name = name;
}
public ConcreteSubject1 Subject
{
get { return subject; }
set { subject = value; }
}
public override void Update()
{
observerState = Subject.SubjectState;
Console.WriteLine("观察者{0}收到通知,新状态是{1}", name, observerState);
}
}
class Costume
{
//客户端程序
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ConcreteSubject1 s = new ConcreteSubject1();
Observer ob1 = new ConcreteObserver(s, "ob_num1");
Observer ob2 = new ConcreteObserver(s, "ob_num2");
s.Attach(ob1);
s.Attach(ob2);
s.SubjectState = "观察到老虎出现";
s.Notify();
}
}
}