演示界面内容如下
因为不精通前端，所以前端直接上代码：
1.新建一个目录，结构如下：
1.1 index.html文件内容如下
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" />
<title>学生信息管理系统</title>
<!-- 引入外部的样式文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/index.css" />
<!-- 引入Element UI样式 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css" />
<!-- 使用CDN引入Vue模块-->
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.6.11"></script>
<!-- 引入Element组件库 -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/index.js"></script>
<!-- 引入Axios组件库 -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<el-container>
<el-header style="height: 80px;">学生信息管理系统</el-header>
<el-container>
<!-- 侧边栏 -->
<el-aside width="200px">
<el-menu default-active="2" class="el-menu-vertical-demo">
<el-menu-item index="1">
<i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
<span slot="title">班级管理</span>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="2">
<i class="el-icon-user"></i>
<span slot="title">学生信息</span>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="3">
<i class="el-icon-s-custom"></i>
<span slot="title">讲师信息</span>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="4">
<i class="el-icon-document"></i>
<span slot="title">课程管理</span>
</el-menu-item>
</el-menu>
</el-aside>
<el-container>
<!-- 主窗体 -->
<el-main>
<!-- 面包屑导航 -->
<el-breadcrumb separator-class="el-icon-arrow-right">
<el-breadcrumb-item>首页</el-breadcrumb-item>
<el-breadcrumb-item>学生管理</el-breadcrumb-item>
</el-breadcrumb>
<!-- 表单 -->
<el-form :inline="true" style="margin-top:30px;">
<el-row>
<el-col :span="12">
<el-form-item label="请输入查询条件：">
<el-input v-model="inputStr" placeholder="输入查询条件" style="width: 420px;">
</el-input>
</el-form-item>
</el-col>
<el-col :span="8" style="text-align: right;padding-right:10px;">
<el-button-group>
<el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-search" @click="queryStudents()">查询
</el-button>
<el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-tickets" @click="getAllStudents()">全部
</el-button>
<el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-circle-plus-outline"
@click="addStudent()">添加</el-button>
</el-button-group>
</el-col>
<el-col :span="2">
<el-upload :show-file-list="false" :http-request="uploadExcelPost">
<el-button type="primary">导入Excel</el-button>
</el-upload>
</el-col>
<el-col :span="2">
<el-button type="primary" @click="exportToExcel()">导出Excel</el-button>
</el-col>
</el-row>
</el-form>
<!-- 表格 -->
<el-table :data="pageStudents" border style="width: 100%" size="mini"
@selection-change="handleSelectionChange">
<el-table-column type="selection">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column type="index" label="序号" align="center" width="60">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="sno" label="学号" width="80">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="name" label="姓名" width="80">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="gender" label="性别" width="60">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="birthday" label="出生日期" align="center" width="100">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="mobile" label="电话" align="center" width="120">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="email" label="邮箱" align="center" width="220">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="address" label="地址" align="center">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="操作" width="180" align="center">
<template slot-scope="scope">
<el-button type="success" icon="el-icon-more" size="mini" circle
@click="viewStudent(scope.row)"></el-button>
<el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-edit" size="mini" circle
@click="updateStudent(scope.row)"></el-button>
<el-button type="danger" icon="el-icon-delete" size="mini" circle
@click="deleteStudent(scope.row)"></el-button>
</template>
</el-table-column>
</el-table>
<!-- 分页 -->
<el-row style="margin-top: 20px;">
<el-col :span="8" style="text-align: left">
<el-button type="danger" icon="el-icon-delete" size="mini" @click="deleteStudents()">
批量删除</el-button>
</el-col>
<el-col :span="16" style="text-align: right">
<el-pagination @size-change="handleSizeChange" @current-change="handleCurrentChange"
:current-page="currentpage" :page-sizes="[5, 10, 50, 100]" :page-size="pagesize"
layout="total, sizes, prev, pager, next, jumper" :total="total">
</el-pagination>
</el-col>
</el-row>
<!-- 弹出框的学生明细表单 -->
<el-dialog :title="dialogTitle" :visible.sync="dialogVisible" width="50%"
@close="closeDialogForm('studentForm')">
<el-form :model="studentForm" :rules="rules" ref="studentForm" :inline="true"
style="margin-left: 20px;" label-width="110px" label-position="right" size="mini">
<el-upload class="avatar-uploader"
:show-file-list="false" :http-request="uploadPicturePost" :disabled="isView" style="text-align: center;margin:20px;" >
<img v-if="studentForm.image" :src="studentForm.imageUrl" class="avatar">
<i v-else class="el-icon-plus avatar-uploader-icon"></i>
</el-upload>
<el-form-item label="学号：" prop="sno">
<el-input v-model="studentForm.sno" :disabled="isEdit||isView"
suffix-icon="el-icon-edit"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="姓名：" prop="name">
<el-input v-model="studentForm.name" :disabled="isView" suffix-icon="el-icon-edit">
</el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="性别：" prop="gender">
<el-select v-model="studentForm.gender" :disabled="isView" placeholder="请选择性别">
<el-option value="男"></el-option>
<el-option value="女"></el-option>
</el-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="出生日期：" prop="birthday">
<el-date-picker v-model="studentForm.birthday" value-format="yyyy-MM-dd"
:disabled="isView" type="date" placeholder="选择日期" style="width:93% ">
</el-date-picker>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="手机号码：" prop="mobile">
<el-input v-model="studentForm.mobile" :disabled="isView"
suffix-icon="el-icon-edit"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="邮箱地址：" prop="email">
<el-input v-model="studentForm.email" :disabled="isView" suffix-icon="el-icon-edit">
</el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="家庭住址：" prop="address">
<el-input v-model="studentForm.address" :disabled="isView"
suffix-icon="el-icon-edit" style="width:262%"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<span slot="footer" class="dialog-footer">
<el-button type="primary" size="mini" v-show="!isView"
@click="submitStudentForm('studentForm')">确 定</el-button>
<el-button type="info" size="mini" @click="closeDialogForm('studentForm')">取 消
</el-button>
</span>
</el-dialog>
</el-main>
<el-footer style="height: 30px;">学生信息管理系统 版权所有：Steven Wang | 2020-10-10</el-footer>
</el-container>
</el-container>
</el-container>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!-- 引入Vue代码 -->
<script src="js/index.js"></script>1.2 index.js文件
const app = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data() {
//校验学号是否存在！
const rulesSNo = (rule, value, callback) => {
if (this.isEdit) {
callback();
}
//使用Axios进行校验
axios.post(
this.baseURL + 'sno/check/',
{
sno: value,
}
)
.then((res) => {
//请求成功
if (res.data.code === 1) {
if (res.data.exists) {
callback(new Error("学号已存在！"));
} else {
callback();
}
} else {
//请求失败
callback(new Error("校验学号后端出现异常！"))
}
})
.catch((err) => {
//如果请求失败在控制台打印
console.log(err);
});
}
return {
students: [], //所有的学生信息
pageStudents: [], //分页后当前页的学生
baseURL: "http://192.168.182.128:8000/",
inputStr: '', //输入的查询条件
selectStudents: [], //选择复选框是把选择记录存在这个几个
//====分页相关的变量====
total: 0, //数据的总行数
currentpage: 1, //当前的所在的页
pagesize: 10, //每页显示多少行数据
//====弹出框表单====
dialogVisible: false, //控制弹出框表单是否展示
dialogTitle: "", //弹出框的标题
isView: false, //标识是否是查看
isEdit: false, //标识是否是修改
studentForm: { //弹出框表单对相应绑定数据
sno: '',
name: '',
gender: '',
birthday: '',
mobile: '',
email: '',
address: '',
image: '',
imageUrl: '',
},
rules: {
sno: [
{ required: true, message: '学号不能为空', trigger: 'blur' },
{ pattern: /^[9][5]\d{3}$/, message: '学号必须是95开头的五位数', trigger: 'blur' },
{ validator: rulesSNo, trigger: 'blur' }, //校验学号是否存在！
],
name: [
{ required: true, message: '姓名不能为空', trigger: 'blur' },
{ pattern: /^[\u4e00-\u9fa5]{2,5}$/, message: '姓名必须是2-5个汉字', trigger: 'blur' },
],
gender: [
{ required: true, message: '性别不能为空', trigger: 'change' },
],
birthday: [
{ required: true, message: '出生日期不能为空', trigger: 'change' },
],
mobile: [
{ required: true, message: '手机号码不能为空', triggler: 'blur' },
{ pattern: /^[1][35789]\d{9}$/, message: '手机号码必须要符合规范', trigger: 'blur' },
],
email: [
{ required: true, message: '邮箱地址不能为空', trigger: 'blur' },
{ pattern: /^\w+([-+.]\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*$/, message: '邮箱地址必须要符合规范', trigger: 'blur' },
],
address: [
{ required: true, message: '家庭住址不能为空', trigger: 'blur' },
]
}
}
},
mounted() {
//自动加载数据
this.getStudents();
},
methods: {
//获取所有学生信息
getStudents: function () {
//记录this的地址
let that = this
//使用Axios实现Ajax请求
axios
.get(that.baseURL + "students/")
.then(function (res) {
//请求成功后执行的函数
if (res.data.code === 1) {
//把数据给students
that.students = res.data.data;
//获取返回记录的总行数
that.total = res.data.data.length;
//获取当前页的数据
that.getPageStudents();
//提示：
that.$message({
message: '数据加载成功！',
type: 'success'
});
} else {
//失败的提示！
that.$message.error(res.data.msg);
}
})
.catch(function (err) {
//请求失败后执行的函数
console.log(err);
});
},
getAllStudents() {
//清空输入的inputStr
this.inputStr = "";
//获取所有的数据
this.getStudents();
},
//获取当前页的学生数据
getPageStudents() {
//清空pageStudents中的数据
this.pageStudents = [];
//获得当前页的数据
for (let i = (this.currentpage - 1) * this.pagesize; i < this.total; i++) {
//遍历数据添加到pageStudent中
this.pageStudents.push(this.students[i]);
//判断是否达到一页的要求
if (this.pageStudents.length === this.pagesize) break;
}
},
//实现学生信息查询
queryStudents() {
//使用Ajax请求--POST-->传递InputStr
let that = this
//开始Ajax请求
axios
.post(
that.baseURL + "students/query/",
{
inputstr: that.inputStr,
}
)
.then(function (res) {
if (res.data.code === 1) {
//把数据给students
that.students = res.data.data;
//获取返回记录的总行数
that.total = res.data.data.length;
//获取当前页的数据
that.getPageStudents();
//提示：
that.$message({
message: '查询数据加载成功！',
type: 'success'
});
} else {
//失败的提示！
that.$message.error(res.data.msg);
}
})
.catch(function (err) {
console.log(err);
that.$message.error("获取后端查询结果出现异常！");
});
},
//添加学生时打开表单
addStudent() {
//修改标题
this.dialogTitle = "添加学生明细";
//弹出表单
this.dialogVisible = true;
},
//根据Id获取image
getImageBySno(sno) {
//遍历
for (oneStudent of this.students) {
//判断
if (oneStudent.sno == sno) {
return oneStudent.image;
}
}
},
//查看学生的明细
viewStudent(row) {
//修改标题
this.dialogTitle = "查看学生明细";
//修改isView变量
this.isView = true;
//弹出表单
this.dialogVisible = true;
//深拷贝方法：
this.studentForm = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(row))
//获取照片
this.studentForm.image = this.getImageBySno(row.sno);
//获取照片URL
this.studentForm.imageUrl = this.baseURL + 'media/' + this.studentForm.image;
},
//修改学生的明细
updateStudent(row) {
//修改标题
this.dialogTitle = "修改学生明细";
//修改isEdit变量
this.isEdit = true;
//弹出表单
this.dialogVisible = true;
//深拷贝方法：
this.studentForm = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(row))
//获取照片
this.studentForm.image = this.getImageBySno(row.sno);
//获取照片URL
this.studentForm.imageUrl = this.baseURL + 'media/' + this.studentForm.image;
},
//提交学生的表单（添加、修改）
submitStudentForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
if (valid) {
//校验成功后，执行添加或者修改？
if (this.isEdit) {
//修改
this.submitUpdateStudent();
} else {
//添加
this.submitAddStudent();
}
} else {
console.log('error submit!!');
return false;
}
});
},
//添加到数据库的函数
submitAddStudent() {
//定义that
let that = this;
//执行Axios请求
axios
.post(that.baseURL + 'student/add/', that.studentForm)
.then(res => {
//执行成功
if (res.data.code === 1) {
//获取所有学生的信息
that.students = res.data.data;
//获取记录条数
that.total = res.data.data.length;
//获取分页信息
that.getPageStudents();
//提示：
that.$message({
message: '数据添加成功！',
type: 'success'
});
//关闭窗体
this.closeDialogForm('studentForm');
} else {
//失败的提示！
that.$message.error(res.data.msg);
}
})
.catch(err => {
//执行失败
console.log(err);
that.$message.error("获取后端查询结果出现异常！");
})
},
//修改更新到数据库
submitUpdateStudent() {
//定义that
let that = this;
//执行Axios请求
axios
.post(that.baseURL + 'student/update/', that.studentForm)
.then(res => {
//执行成功
if (res.data.code === 1) {
//获取所有学生的信息
that.students = res.data.data;
//获取记录条数
that.total = res.data.data.length;
//获取分页信息
that.getPageStudents();
//提示：
that.$message({
message: '数据修改成功！',
type: 'success'
});
//关闭窗体
this.closeDialogForm('studentForm');
} else {
//失败的提示！
that.$message.error(res.data.msg);
}
})
.catch(err => {
//执行失败
console.log(err);
that.$message.error("修改时获取后端查询结果出现异常！");
})
},
//删除一条学生记录
deleteStudent(row) {
//等待确认
this.$confirm('是否确认删除学生信息【学号：' + row.sno + '\t姓名：' + row.name + '】信息？',
'提示', {
confirmButtonText: '确定删除',
cancelButtonText: '取消',
type: 'warning'
}).then(() => {
//确认删除响应事件
let that = this
//调用后端接口
axios.post(that.baseURL + 'student/delete/', { sno: row.sno })
.then(res => {
if (res.data.code === 1) {
//获取所有学生信息
that.students = res.data.data;
//获取记录数
that.total = res.data.data.length;
//分页
that.getPageStudents();
//提示
that.$message({
message: '数据删除成功！',
type: 'success'
});
} else {
that.$message.error(res.data.msg);
}
})
}).catch(() => {
this.$message({
type: 'info',
message: '已取消删除'
});
});
},
deleteStudents() {
//等待确认
this.$confirm("是否确认批量删除" + this.selectStudents.length + "个学生信息吗？",
'提示', {
confirmButtonText: '确定删除',
cancelButtonText: '取消',
type: 'warning'
}).then(() => {
//确认删除响应事件
let that = this
//调用后端接口
axios.post(that.baseURL + 'students/delete/', { student: that.selectStudents })
.then(res => {
if (res.data.code === 1) {
//获取所有学生信息
that.students = res.data.data;
//获取记录数
that.total = res.data.data.length;
//分页
that.getPageStudents();
//提示
that.$message({
message: '数据批量删除成功！',
type: 'success'
});
} else {
that.$message.error(res.data.msg);
}
})
}).catch(() => {
this.$message({
type: 'info',
message: '已取消删除'
});
});
},
//关闭弹出框的表单
closeDialogForm(formName) {
//重置表单的校验
this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
//清空
this.studentForm.sno = "";
this.studentForm.name = "";
this.studentForm.gender = "";
this.studentForm.birthday = "";
this.studentForm.mobile = "";
this.studentForm.email = "";
this.studentForm.address = "";
this.studentForm.image = "",
this.studentForm.imageUrl = "",
//关闭
this.dialogVisible = false;
//初始化isView和isEdit值
this.isEdit = false;
this.isView = false;
},
//选择学生头像后点击确定后触发的事件
uploadPicturePost(file) {
//定义that
let that = this;
//定义一个FormData类
let fileReq = new FormData();
//把照片穿进去
fileReq.append('avatar', file.file);
//使用Axios发起Ajax请求
axios(
{
method: 'post',
url: that.baseURL + 'upload/',
data: fileReq
}
).then(res => {
// 根据code判断是否成功
if (res.data.code === 1) {
//把照片给image
that.studentForm.image = res.data.name;
//拼接imageurl
that.studentForm.imageUrl = that.baseURL + "media/" + res.data.name;
} else {
//失败的提示！
that.$message.error(res.data.msg);
}
}).catch(err => {
console.log(err);
that.$message.error("上传头像出现异常！");
})
},
uploadExcelPost(file) {
let that = this
//实例化一个formdata
//定义一个FormData类
let fileReq = new FormData();
//把照片穿进去
fileReq.append('excel', file.file);
//使用Axios发起Ajax请求
axios(
{
method: 'post',
url: that.baseURL + 'excel/import/',
data: fileReq
}
).then(res => {
// 根据code判断是否成功
if (res.data.code === 1) {
//把照片给image
that.students = res.data.data;
//计算总共多少条
that.total = res.data.data.length;
//分页
that.getPageStudents();
//弹出框体显示结果
this.$alert('本次导入完成! 成功：' + res.data.success +'失败：'+ res.data.error
, '导入结果展示', {
confirmButtonText: '确定',
callback: action => {
this.$message({
type: 'info',
message: "本次导入失败数量为：" + res.data.error + ",具体的学号："+res.data.errors,
});
}
});
//把失败明细打印
console.log("本次导入失败数量为：" + res.data.error + ",具体的学号：");
console.log(res.data.errors);
} else {
//失败的提示！
that.$message.error(res.data.msg);
}
}).catch(err => {
console.log(err);
that.$message.error("上传Excel出现异常！");
})
},
exportToExcel(){
let that = this
axios.get(that.baseURL + 'excel/export/')
.then(res=>{
if(res.data.code ===1){
//拼接excel 的完整URL
let url = that.baseURL + 'media/'+ res.data.name;
//下载
window.open(url);
} else {
that.$message.error("导出Excel出现异常！");
}
})
.catch(err=>{
console.log(err);
});
},
//分页时修改每页的行数
handleSizeChange(size) {
//修改当前每页数据行数
this.pagesize = size;
//数据重新分页
this.getPageStudents();
},
//调整当前的页码
handleCurrentChange(pageNumber) {
//修改当前的页码
this.currentpage = pageNumber;
//数据重新分页
this.getPageStudents();
},
//选择复选框时触发的操作
handleSelectionChange(data) {
this.selectStudents = data;
console.log(data);
},
},
})1.3 index.css样式
html,body,#app,.el-container{
margin: 0px;
padding:0px;
height: 100%;
}
.el-header {
background-color: #b3c0d1;
color: #333;
text-align: left;
line-height: 80px;
font-size:32px;
font-weight: bold;
}
.el-footer {
background-color: #b3c0d1;
color: #333;
text-align: center;
line-height: 30px;
}
.el-aside {
background-color: #d3dce6;
color: #333;
text-align: center;
line-height: 200px;
}
.el-dialog .avatar-uploader .el-upload {
border: 1px dashed #d9d9d9;
border-radius: 6px;
cursor: pointer;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.el-dialog .avatar-uploader .el-upload:hover {
border-color: #409EFF;
}
.el-dialog .avatar-uploader-icon {
font-size: 28px;
color: #8c939d;
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
line-height: 178px;
text-align: center;
}
.el-dialog .avatar {
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
display: block;
}2. 后端代码：
2.1 设计模型类
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
# Student: 学号，姓名，性别，出生日期，手机号码，邮箱地址，家庭住址，照片
class Student(models.Model):
gender_choices = (('男', '男'), ('女', '女'))
sno = models.IntegerField(db_column="SNo", primary_key=True, null=False) # 学号，不允许为空，主键
name = models.CharField(db_column="SName", max_length=100, null=False) # 姓名，最长100个字符，不允许为空
gender = models.CharField(db_column="Gender", max_length=100, choices=gender_choices) # 性别，选项选择
birthday = models.DateField(db_column="Birthday", null=False) # 出生日期，不允许为空
mobile = models.CharField(db_column="Mobile", max_length=100) # 手机号码，
email = models.CharField(db_column="Email", max_length=100) # 邮箱地址
address = models.CharField(db_column="Address", max_length=200) # 家庭住址
image = models.CharField(db_column="Image", max_length=200, null=True) # 照片
# 在默认情况下，生成的表名：App_class, 如果要自定义 ，需要使用Class Meta来自定义
class Meta:
managed = True
db_table = "Student"
# __str__方法
def __str__(self):
return "学号:%s\t姓名:%s\t性别:%s" % (self.sno, self.name, self.gender)
2.2配置全局url信息：
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from student import views
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('students/', views.get_students), # 获取所有学生信息的接口
path('students/query/', views.query_students), # 查询学生信息的接口
path('sno/check/', views.is_exists_sno), # 校验学号是否存在
path('student/add/', views.add_student), # 添加学生信息的接口
path('student/update/', views.update_student), # 修改学生信息的接口
path('student/delete/', views.delete_student), # 删除学生信息的接口
path('students/delete/', views.delete_students), # 删除学生信息的接口
path('upload/', views.upload), # 上传文件的接口
path('excel/import/', views.import_students_excel), # 导入Excel文件
path('excel/export/', views.export_student_excel), # 导出Excel文件
]
# 添加这行--- 允许所有的media文件被访问
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)2.3配置view视图信息
# 引入Student的类
from student.models import Student
# 引入JsonResponse模块
from django.http import JsonResponse
# 导入json模块
import json
# 导入Q查询
from django.db.models import Q
# 导入uuid类
import uuid
# 导入哈希库
import hashlib
# 导入Setting
from django.conf import settings
# 导入os
import os
# 引入处理Excel模块
import openpyxl
# Create your views here.
def get_students(request):
"""获取所有学生的信息"""
try:
# 使用ORM获取所有学生信息 并把对象转为字典格式
obj_students = Student.objects.all().values()
# 把外层的容器转为List
students = list(obj_students)
# 返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'data': students})
except Exception as e:
# 如果出现异常，返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': "获取学生信息出现异常，具体错误：" + str(e)})
def query_students(request):
"""查询学生信息"""
# 接收传递过来的查询条件--- axios默认是json --- 字典类型（'inputstr'）-- data['inputstr']
data = json.loads(request.body.decode('utf-8'))
try:
# 使用ORM获取满足条件的学生信息 并把对象转为字典格式
obj_students = Student.objects.filter(Q(sno__icontains=data['inputstr']) | Q(name__icontains=data['inputstr']) |
Q(gender__icontains=data['inputstr']) | Q(
mobile__icontains=data['inputstr'])
| Q(email__icontains=data['inputstr']) | Q(
address__icontains=data['inputstr'])).values()
# 把外层的容器转为List
students = list(obj_students)
# 返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'data': students})
except Exception as e:
# 如果出现异常，返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': "查询学生信息出现异常，具体错误：" + str(e)})
def is_exists_sno(request):
"""判断学号是否存在"""
# 接收传递过来的学号
data = json.loads(request.body.decode('utf-8'))
# 进行校验
try:
obj_students = Student.objects.filter(sno=data['sno'])
if obj_students.count() == 0:
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'exists': False})
else:
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'exists': True})
except Exception as e:
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': "校验学号失败，具体原因：" + str(e)})
def add_student(request):
"""添加学生到数据库"""
# 接收前端传递过来的值
data = json.loads(request.body.decode("utf-8"))
try:
# 添加到数据库
obj_student = Student(sno=data['sno'], name=data['name'], gender=data['gender'],
birthday=data['birthday'], mobile=data['mobile'],
email=data['email'], address=data['address'], image=data['image'])
# 执行添加
obj_student.save()
# 使用ORM获取所有学生信息 并把对象转为字典格式
obj_students = Student.objects.all().values()
# 把外层的容器转为List
students = list(obj_students)
# 返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'data': students})
except Exception as e:
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': "添加到数据库出现异常，具体原因：" + str(e)})
def update_student(request):
"""修改学生到数据库"""
# 接收前端传递过来的值
data = json.loads(request.body.decode("utf-8"))
try:
# 查找到要修改的学生信息
obj_student = Student.objects.get(sno=data['sno'])
# 依次修改
obj_student.name = data['name']
obj_student.gender = data['gender']
obj_student.birthday = data['birthday']
obj_student.mobile = data['mobile']
obj_student.email = data['email']
obj_student.address = data['address']
obj_student.image = data['image']
# 保存
obj_student.save()
# 使用ORM获取所有学生信息 并把对象转为字典格式
obj_students = Student.objects.all().values()
# 把外层的容器转为List
students = list(obj_students)
# 返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'data': students})
except Exception as e:
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': "修改保存到数据库出现异常，具体原因：" + str(e)})
def delete_student(request):
"""删除一条学生信息"""
# 接收前端传递过来的值
data = json.loads(request.body.decode("utf-8"))
try:
# 查找到要修改的学生信息
obj_student = Student.objects.get(sno=data['sno'])
# 删除
obj_student.delete()
# 使用ORM获取所有学生信息 并把对象转为字典格式
obj_students = Student.objects.all().values()
# 把外层的容器转为List
students = list(obj_students)
# 返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'data': students})
except Exception as e:
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': "删除学生信息写入数据库出现异常，具体原因：" + str(e)})
def delete_students(request):
"""批量删除学生信息"""
# 接收前端传递过来的值
data = json.loads(request.body.decode("utf-8"))
try:
# 遍历传递的集合
for one_student in data['student']:
# 查询当前记录
obj_student = Student.objects.get(sno=one_student['sno'])
# 执行删除
obj_student.delete()
# 使用ORM获取所有学生信息 并把对象转为字典格式
obj_students = Student.objects.all().values()
# 把外层的容器转为List
students = list(obj_students)
# 返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'data': students})
except Exception as e:
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': "批量删除学生信息写入数据库出现异常，具体原因：" + str(e)})
def upload(request):
"""接收上传的文件"""
# 接收上传的文件
rev_file = request.FILES.get('avatar')
# 判断，是否有文件
if not rev_file:
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': '图片不存在！'})
# 获得一个唯一的名字： uuid +hash
new_name = get_random_str()
# 准备写入的URL
file_path = os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, new_name + os.path.splitext(rev_file.name)[1])
# 开始写入到本次磁盘
try:
f = open(file_path, 'wb')
# 多次写入
for i in rev_file.chunks():
f.write(i)
# 要关闭
f.close()
# 返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'name': new_name + os.path.splitext(rev_file.name)[1]})
except Exception as e:
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': str(e)})
def get_random_str():
# 获取uuid的随机数
uuid_val = uuid.uuid4()
# 获取uuid的随机数字符串
uuid_str = str(uuid_val).encode('utf-8')
# 获取md5实例
md5 = hashlib.md5()
# 拿取uuid的md5摘要
md5.update(uuid_str)
# 返回固定长度的字符串
return md5.hexdigest()
def import_students_excel(request):
"""从Excel批量导入学生信息"""
# ========1. 接收Excel文件存储到Media文件夹 =======
rev_file = request.FILES.get('excel')
# 判断，是否有文件
if not rev_file:
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': 'Excel文件不存在！'})
# 获得一个唯一的名字： uuid +hash
new_name = get_random_str()
# 准备写入的URL
file_path = os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, new_name + os.path.splitext(rev_file.name)[1])
# 开始写入到本次磁盘
try:
f = open(file_path, 'wb')
# 多次写入
for i in rev_file.chunks():
f.write(i)
# 要关闭
f.close()
except Exception as e:
return JsonResponse({'code': 0, 'msg': str(e)})
# ====== 2. 读取存储在Media文件夹的数据 =====
ex_students = read_excel_dict(file_path)
# ====3. 把读取的数据存储到数据库 =====
# 定义几个变量： success: error: errors
success = 0
error = 0
error_snos = []
# 开始遍历
for one_student in ex_students:
try:
obj_student = Student.objects.create(sno=one_student['sno'], name=one_student['name'],
gender=one_student['gender'],
birthday=one_student['birthday'], mobile=one_student['mobile'],
email=one_student['email'], address=one_student['address'])
# 计数
success += 1
except:
# 如果失败了
error += 1
error_snos.append(one_student['sno'])
# 4. 返回--导入信息（成功：5，失败：4--（sno））,所有学生
obj_students = Student.objects.all().values()
students = list(obj_students)
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'success': success, 'error': error, 'errors': error_snos, 'data': students})
def export_student_excel(request):
"""到处数据到excel"""
# 获取所有的学生信息
obj_students = Student.objects.all().values()
# 转为List
students = list(obj_students)
# 准备名称
excel_name = get_random_str() + ".xlsx"
# 准备写入的路劲
path = os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, excel_name)
# 写入到Excel
write_to_excel(students, path)
# 返回
return JsonResponse({'code': 1, 'name': excel_name})
def read_excel_dict(path: str):
"""读取Excel数据，存储为字典 --- [{},{},{},]"""
# 实例化一个wrokbook
workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(path)
# 实例化一个sheet
sheet = workbook['student']
# 定义一个变量存储最终的数据--[]
students = []
# 准备key
keys = ['sno', 'name', 'gender', 'birthday', 'mobile', 'email', 'address']
# 遍历
for row in sheet.rows:
# 定义一个临时的字典
temp_dict = {}
# 组合值和key
for index, cell in enumerate(row):
# 组和
temp_dict[keys[index]] = cell.value
# 附加到list中
students.append(temp_dict)
# 返回
return students
def write_to_excel(data: list, path: str):
"""把数据库写入到Excel"""
# 实例化一个workbook
workbook = openpyxl.Workbook()
# 激活一个sheet
sheet = workbook.active
# 为sheet命名
sheet.title = 'student'
# 准备keys
keys = data[0].keys()
# 准备写入数据
for index, item in enumerate(data):
# 遍历每一个元素
for k, v in enumerate(keys):
sheet.cell(row=index + 1, column=k + 1, value=str(item[v]))
# 写入到文件
workbook.save(path)
2.4 建立一个test.py文件自测一下
import openpyxl
def read_excel_dict(path: str):
"""读取Excel数据，存储为字典 --- [{},{},{},]"""
# 实例化一个wrokbook
workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(path)
# 实例化一个sheet
sheet = workbook['student']
# 定义一个变量存储最终的数据--[]
students = []
# 准备key
keys = ['sno', 'name', 'gender', 'birthday', 'mobile', 'email', 'address']
# 遍历
for row in sheet.rows:
# 定义一个临时的字典
temp_dict = {}
# 组合值和key
for index, cell in enumerate(row):
# 组和
temp_dict[keys[index]] = cell.value
# 附加到list中
students.append(temp_dict)
# 返回
return students
def write_to_excel(data: list, path: str):
"""把数据库写入到Excel"""
# 实例化一个workbook
workbook = openpyxl.Workbook()
# 激活一个sheet
sheet = workbook.active
# 为sheet命名
sheet.title = 'student'
# 准备keys
keys = data[0].keys()
# 准备写入数据
for index in range(0, len(data)):
# 遍历每一个元素
for cell in range(0, len(data[index])):
sheet.cell(row=index + 1, column=cell + 1, value=str(data[index][keys[cell]]))
# 写入到文件
workbook.save(path)
if __name__ == '__main__':
path = "D:\student01.xlsx"
# 调用函数！
students = read_excel_dict(path)
# 输出
print(students)
后端目录结构：
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