linux-mysql-安装-mysql-5.6.22的安装步骤

mysql-5.6.22的安装步骤

1. ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'
   可能没有启动服务 service mysql start
2. pid无效
   可能是权限问题 chown -r 777 /var/lib/mysql
   /var/lib/mysql 是rpm安装的datadir默认路径

一、环境与下载地址：

1、系统下载地址：

http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/6.6/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.6-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

2、mysql下载地址：

http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/?qq-pf-to=pcqq.group

http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/?qq-pf-to=pcqq.group

推荐使用官方

http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

二、安装mysql的步骤：

1、卸载原版本的mysql：

yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1*

或者

rpm -e  原始mysql

2、创建一个MySQL用户组：

groupadd mysql

3、一个属于MySQL的用组的mysql用户

useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /opt/mysql mysql

4、查看用户和组状态：

id mysql

uid=500(mysql) gid=500(mysql) groups=500(mysql)

5、配置myql的安装目录：

mkdir -p /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22

mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql_3306/{data,tmp,logs}

ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22  /usr/local/mysql

ll /usr/local/

6、查看结果：

ll /usr/local/

lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   23 Dec 17 15:24 mysql -> /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22

7、解压mysql的安装包：

tar -xzvf /data/soft/mysql-5.6.22-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22/

8、剪贴文件到安装目录：

cd /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22

mv mysql-5.6.22-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* .

9、查看依赖的lib库是否安全

ldd /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld

10、更改权限：

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql

11、设置root的环境变量：

vi .bash_profile

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22/bin:$HOME/bin:$PATH

source .bash_profile

12、编辑my.cnf

#my.cnf
[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql]
prompt="\\u@\\h:\p  \\R:\\m:\\s [\\d]>"
#tee=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/query.log
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log = /opt/mysql/mysqld_multi.log

[mysqld]
#misc
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
event_scheduler = 0

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

#timeout
interactive_timeout = 300
wait_timeout = 300

#character set
character-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit = 65535
max_connections = 100
max_connect_errors = 100000

skip-name-resolve = 1
#logs
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/error.log
log_warnings = 2
pid-file = mysql.pid
long_query_time = 1
#log-slow-admin-statements = 1
#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
log-slow-slave-statements = 1


#binlog
binlog_format = mixed
server-id = 203306
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mybinlog
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_size = 1G
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
sync_binlog = 0
expire_logs_days = 10

#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1
max_relay_log_size = 1G
relay_log_purge = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
log_slave_updates
#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
#buffers & cache
table_open_cache = 2048
table_definition_cache = 2048
table_open_cache = 2048
max_heap_table_size = 96M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 256
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_limit = 256K
query_cache_min_res_unit = 512
thread_stack = 192K
tmp_table_size = 96M
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M

#myisam
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1

#innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M:autoextend（生产中最少1G）
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_log_file_size = 64M（生产中最大256）
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
innodb_status_file = 1
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

#端口号为3306的实例特殊配置
[mysqld3306]
port =3306
server-id=203306
#指定本实例相应版本的basedir和datadir
basedir= /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data
socket          = /tmp/mysql_3306.sock
#重新配置这几个选项，不与全局配置一样，会直接覆盖上面的全局设置
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m
#transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

[mysqld3308]
port=3308
server-id=203308
#binlog-do-db=db01
basedir= /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3308/data
socket          = /tmp/mysql_3308.sock
#重新配置这几个选项，不与全局配置一样，会直接覆盖上面的全局设置
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
sync_binlog = 0


[mysqld3309]
port=3309
server-id=203309
#binlog-do-db=db01
basedir= /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3309/data
socket          = /tmp/mysql_3309.sock
#重新配置这几个选项，不与全局配置一样，会直接覆盖上面的全局设置
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
sync_binlog = 0

 

 

 

13、复制my.cnf到/etc/目录下：

cp my.cnf  /etc/my.cnf

 

14、初始化数据库：

cd /usr/local/mysql/

初始化数据库一定要在basedir 下进行

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

 

15、将启动信息加入到启动像

cd  /usr/local/mysql

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

 

16、启动mysql服务：

/etc/init.d/mysql start

 

17、查看mysql是否启动成功：

a、查看mysql的进程：

ps axu|grep mysqld

 

b、查看mysql的监听：

netstat -nalp|grep "3306"

 

18、添加启动项：

chkconfig --add mysql

chkconfig --level 35 mysql on

chkconfig --list |grep mysql

mysql           0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

 

19、查看mysql用户的表信息：

select user,host,password from mysql.user;

+------+-----------+----------+

| user | host      | password |

+------+-----------+----------+

| root | localhost |          |

| root | master1   |          |

| root | 127.0.0.1 |          |

| root | ::1       |          |

|      | localhost |          |

|      | master1   |          |

+------+-----------+----------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

20、删除初始化用户：

delete from mysql.user where user!='root' or host!='localhost';

21、刷新数据库：

flush privileges;

22、检查权限：

select user,host,password from mysql.user;

=========================================================

安装时出现的问题大多数的排错思路如下：

1、初始化mysql的时候，需要开启另一个连接，tail -f error.log，根据报错进行查看。

2、查看my.cnf文件里的目录是否都存在。

3、查看my.cnf文件里的目录权限是否都是mysql.mysql。

4、如果是虚拟机查看内存和磁盘是否足够。