C#网络编程之Http请求

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-27 15:02:43 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-08-27 15:02:43 发布
阅读量1.1k 收藏 4
点赞数
分类专栏： C#
原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/tdws/p/5910932.html
版权

C#网络编程之Http请求

本片篇分享简单介绍C#中的Http请求,前几天帮朋友的项目封装ApiHelper,我粗糙的结果就如下，想想我真的是差的太远了。还有一位架构师也在封装这个Helper , 所以最后的结果当然是使用大牛的封装，这篇分享后，准备学习下他的封装，配置，错误处理机制等思想。不过这次也使我对C#网络编程了解的更多，算是一次学习经历吧。真心喜欢和老司机合作，下一阶段将会持续跟这位朋友学习项目底层的封装，和他谦虚的态度，有这样的机会也是幸运的。

你可以将其封装成自己的HttpHelper，经朋友建议，统一Http请求的入参和出参。在HttpClient方面也参考了dudu的关于httpclient预热的文章。C#中HttpClient使用注意：预热与长连接。

为了做到统一入参和出参，定义了Req<T>泛型类和Resp<T>泛型类。你可以根据自己的需要进行拓展。

    public class Req<T>{
          /// <summary>         
            /// 传入数据
          /// </summary>
          public T Input { get; set; }
          /// <summary>
          /// 请求地址
          /// </summary>
         public string Url { get; set; }
     }

 

 

 1 public class Resp<T>
 2     {
 3         /// <summary>
 4         /// 错误消息
 5         /// </summary>
 6         public string ErrorMsg { get; set; }
 7         /// <summary>
 8         /// 状态码
 9         /// </summary>
10         public int StatusCode { get; set; }
11         /// <summary>
12         /// 返回数据
13         /// </summary>
14         public T RespData { get; set; }
15     }

 

虽然保持了httpClient对象复用，但需要注意的是，在设置了httpClient，并且发生了一次请求之后，不能再对其属性进行重新设置。这也正是我又定义了一个fileClient的理由。

  1   #region HttpClient版本
  2         private static readonly string _baseAddress = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["api-server"];//配置BaseUrl eg.http://localhost:1234
  3         private static readonly HttpClient _httpClient;
  4         private static readonly HttpClient _fileClient;
  5 
  6         static ApiHelper()
  7         {
  8             #region 初始化和预热 httpClient
  9             _httpClient = new HttpClient();
 10             _httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri(_baseAddress);
 11             _httpClient.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000);
 12             _httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Accept", "application/json");//application/xml  想Accept的数据格式
 13 
 14             _httpClient.SendAsync(new HttpRequestMessage
 15             {
 16                 Method = new HttpMethod("HEAD"),
 17                 RequestUri = new Uri(_baseAddress + "/api/test/HttpClientHot")
 18             })
 19             .Result.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
 20             #endregion
 21 
 22             #region 初始化和预热 fileClient
 23 
 24             _fileClient = new HttpClient();
 25             _fileClient.BaseAddress = new Uri(_baseAddress + "/api/test/HttpClientHot");
 26             _fileClient.MaxResponseContentBufferSize = 256000;
 27 
 28             #endregion
 29         }
 30 
 31         /// <summary>
 32         /// http Get请求
 33         /// </summary>
 34         /// <typeparam name="T">入参类型</typeparam>
 35         /// <typeparam name="TResult">出参类型</typeparam>
 36         /// <param name="req">入参对象</param>
 37         /// <returns></returns>
 38         public static async Task<Resp<TResult>> GetAsync<T, TResult>(Req<T> req)
 39         {
 40             try
 41             {
 42                 var result =await _httpClient.GetAsync(req.Url).Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
 47                 return new Resp<TResult>() { Data = JsonHelper.JsonDeserialize<TResult>(result) };
 48             }
 49             catch(Exception ex)
 50             {
 51 
 52             }
 53                 return new Resp<TResult>() { Data = JsonHelper.JsonDeserialize<TResult>("") };
 54             
 55         }
 56 
 57         /// <summary>
 58         ///  http Post请求
 59         /// </summary>
 60         /// <typeparam name="T">入参类型</typeparam>
 61         /// <typeparam name="TResult">出参类型</typeparam>
 62         /// <param name="req">入参对象</param>
 63         /// <returns></returns>
 64         public static async Task<Resp<TResult>> PostAsJsonAsync<T, TResult>(Req<T> req)
 65         {
 66             var result = await _httpClient.PostAsJsonAsync(req.Url, req.Input).Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
 67             return new Resp<TResult>() { Data = JsonHelper.JsonDeserialize<TResult>(result) };
 68         }
 69 
 70         /// <summary>
 71         /// 上传文件
 72         /// </summary>
 73         /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
 74         /// <typeparam name="TResult"></typeparam>
 75         /// <param name="req"></param>
 76         /// <param name="filePath"></param>
 77         /// <returns></returns>
 78         public static async Task<Resp<TResult>> SendFile<T, TResult>(Req<T> req, string filePath)//D:\\white.jpg
 79         {
 80             //_fileClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("user-agent", "User-Agent    Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; Touch; MALNJS; rv:11.0) like Gecko");//设置请求头
 81             // 读文件流
 82             FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
 83             HttpContent fileContent = new StreamContent(fs);//为文件流提供的HTTP容器
 84             fileContent.Headers.ContentType = MediaTypeHeaderValue.Parse("multipart/form-data");//设置媒体类型
 85             MultipartFormDataContent mulContent = new MultipartFormDataContent("----");//创建用于可传递文件的容器
 86             string fileName = filePath.Substring(filePath.LastIndexOf("/") + 1);
 87             mulContent.Add(fileContent, "form", fileName);//第二个参数是表单名，第三个是文件名。
 88             HttpResponseMessage response = await _fileClient.PostAsync(req.Url, mulContent);
 89             response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
 90             string result = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
 91             return new Resp<TResult>() { Data = JsonHelper.JsonDeserialize<TResult>(result) };
 92         }
 93 
 94         /// <summary>
 95         /// 下载
 96         /// </summary>
 97         /// <param name="url"></param>
 98         /// <returns></returns>
 99         public static async Task<Resp<byte[]>> HttpDownloadData<T>(Req<T> req)
100         {
101             var byteres = await _fileClient.GetByteArrayAsync(req.Url);
102             return new Resp<byte[]>() { Data = byteres };
103         }
104 
105         #endregion
106 }

复制代码

另外分享下HttpWebRequest来实现的请求。HttpWebRequest需要你自行设置很多内容，当然这也证明其内容丰富。下面代码包含了post,get，以及上传。

复制代码

        /// <summary>
        /// Post Http请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">请求地址</param>
        /// <param name="postData">传输数据</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超时时间</param>
        /// <param name="contentType">媒体格式</param>
        /// <param name="encode">编码</param>
        /// <returns>泛型集合</returns>
        public static List<T> PostAndRespList<T>(string url, string postData, int timeout = 5000, string contentType = "application/json;", string encode = "UTF-8")
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(url) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(encode) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && postData != null)
            {
                // webRequest.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + "SportApiAuthData");
                HttpWebResponse webResponse = null;
                Stream responseStream = null;
                Stream requestStream = null;
                StreamReader streamReader = null;
                try
                {
                    string respstr = GetStreamReader(url, responseStream, requestStream, streamReader, webResponse, timeout, encode, postData, contentType);
                    return JsonHelper.JsonDeserialize<List<T>>(respstr);

                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {

                }
                finally
                {
                    if (responseStream != null) responseStream.Dispose();
                    if (webResponse != null) webResponse.Dispose();
                    if (requestStream != null) requestStream.Dispose();
                    if (streamReader != null) streamReader.Dispose();
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Post Http请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">请求地址</param>
        /// <param name="postData">传输数据</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超时时间</param>
        /// <param name="contentType">媒体格式</param>
        /// <param name="encode">编码</param>
        /// <returns>泛型集合</returns>
        public static T PostAndRespSignle<T>(string url, int timeout = 5000, string postData = "", string contentType = "application/json;", string encode = "UTF-8")
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(url) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(encode) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && postData != null)
            {
                // webRequest.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + "SportApiAuthData");
                HttpWebResponse webResponse = null;
                Stream responseStream = null;
                Stream requestStream = null;
                StreamReader streamReader = null;
                try
                {
                    string respstr = GetStreamReader(url, responseStream, requestStream, streamReader, webResponse, timeout, encode, postData, contentType);
                    return JsonHelper.JsonDeserialize<T>(respstr);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {

                }
                finally
                {
                    if (responseStream != null) responseStream.Dispose();
                    if (webResponse != null) webResponse.Dispose();
                    if (requestStream != null) requestStream.Dispose();
                    if (streamReader != null) streamReader.Dispose();
                }
            }
            return default(T);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Post Http请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url"></param>
        /// <param name="postData"></param>
        /// <param name="timeout"></param>
        /// <param name="contentType"></param>
        /// <param name="encode"></param>
        /// <returns>响应流字符串</returns>
        public static string PostAndRespStr(string url, int timeout = 5000, string postData = "", string contentType = "application/json;", string encode = "UTF-8")
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(url) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(encode) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && postData != null)
            {
                HttpWebResponse webResponse = null;
                Stream responseStream = null;
                Stream requestStream = null;
                StreamReader streamReader = null;
                try
                {

                    return GetStreamReader(url, responseStream, requestStream, streamReader, webResponse, timeout, encode, postData, contentType);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {

                }
                finally
                {
                    if (responseStream != null) responseStream.Dispose();
                    if (webResponse != null) webResponse.Dispose();
                    if (requestStream != null) requestStream.Dispose();
                    if (streamReader != null) streamReader.Dispose();
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        private static string GetStreamReader(string url, Stream responseStream, Stream requestStream, StreamReader streamReader, WebResponse webResponse, int timeout, string encode, string postData, string contentType)
        {
            byte[] data = Encoding.GetEncoding(encode).GetBytes(postData);
            HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            SetAuth(webRequest);
            webRequest.Method = "POST";
            webRequest.ContentType = contentType + ";" + encode;
            webRequest.ContentLength = data.Length;
            webRequest.Timeout = timeout;
            requestStream = webRequest.GetRequestStream();
            requestStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
            webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
            responseStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
            if (responseStream == null) { return ""; }
            streamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding(encode));
            return streamReader.ReadToEnd();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Post文件流给指定Url
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">url</param>
        /// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>
        /// <returns>响应流字符串</returns>
        public static string PostFile(string url, string filePath, string contentType = "application/octet-stream", string encode = "UTF-8")
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(url) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(encode) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
            {

                Stream requestStream = null;
                Stream responseStream = null;
                StreamReader streamReader = null;
                FileStream fileStream = null;
                try
                {
                    // 设置参数
                    HttpWebRequest webRequest = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
                    SetAuth(webRequest);
                    webRequest.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
                    webRequest.Method = "POST";
                    string boundary = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("X"); // 随机分隔线
                    webRequest.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;charset=" + encode + ";boundary=" + boundary;
                    byte[] itemBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");//消息开始
                    byte[] endBoundaryBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");//消息结尾
                    var fileName = filePath.Substring(filePath.LastIndexOf("/") + 1);
                    //请求头部信息
                    string postHeader = string.Format("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"media\";filename=\"{0}\"\r\nContent-Type:{1}\r\n\r\n", fileName, contentType);
                    byte[] postHeaderBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postHeader);
                    fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
                    byte[] fileByteArr = new byte[fileStream.Length];
                    fileStream.Read(fileByteArr, 0, fileByteArr.Length);
                    fileStream.Close();
                    requestStream = webRequest.GetRequestStream();
                    requestStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, 0, itemBoundaryBytes.Length);
                    requestStream.Write(postHeaderBytes, 0, postHeaderBytes.Length);
                    requestStream.Write(fileByteArr, 0, fileByteArr.Length);
                    requestStream.Write(endBoundaryBytes, 0, endBoundaryBytes.Length);
                    requestStream.Close();
                    responseStream = webRequest.GetResponse().GetResponseStream();//发送请求，得到响应流
                    if (responseStream == null) return string.Empty;
                    streamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
                    return streamReader.ReadToEnd();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {

                }
                finally
                {

                }
            }
            return null;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get http请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">请求地址</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超时时间</param>
        /// <param name="encode">编码</param>
        /// <returns>返回单个实体</returns>
        public static T GetSingle<T>(string url, int timeout = 5000, string encode = "UTF-8")
        {
            //HttpWebRequest对象
            //HttpClient->dudu 调用预热处理
            //Stream—>Model

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(url) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(encode))
            {
                Stream responseStream = null;
                StreamReader streamReader = null;
                WebResponse webResponse = null;
                try
                {
                    string respStr = GetRespStr(url, responseStream, streamReader, webResponse, timeout, encode);
                    return JsonHelper.JsonDeserialize<T>(respStr);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {

                }
                finally
                {
                    if (responseStream != null) responseStream.Dispose();
                    if (streamReader != null) streamReader.Dispose();
                    if (webResponse != null) webResponse.Dispose();
                }
            }
            return default(T);
        }

        /// <summary>
        ///  Get http请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url"></param>
        /// <param name="timeout"></param>
        /// <param name="encode"></param>
        /// <returns>响应流字符串</returns>
        public static string GetResponseString(string url, int timeout = 5000, string encode = "UTF-8")
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(url) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(encode))
            {
                Stream responseStream = null;
                StreamReader streamReader = null;
                WebResponse webResponse = null;
                try
                {
                    return GetRespStr(url, responseStream, streamReader, webResponse, timeout, encode);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {

                }
                finally
                {
                    if (responseStream != null) responseStream.Dispose();
                    if (streamReader != null) streamReader.Dispose();
                    if (webResponse != null) webResponse.Dispose();
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        private static string GetRespStr(string url, Stream responseStream, StreamReader streamReader, WebResponse webResponse, int timeout, string encode)
        {
            HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            webRequest.Method = "GET";
            webRequest.Timeout = timeout;
            webResponse = webRequest.GetResponse();
            responseStream = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
            if (responseStream == null) { return ""; }
            streamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding(encode));
            return streamReader.ReadToEnd();
         }

 

分类: .Net基础架构

HOLD ON!
关注
专栏目录
C# http(get、post)请求
06-24
http请求Get和Post两种方式基本代码
C#实现发送简单HTTP请求的方法
09-03
在C#编程中，发送HTTP请求是常见的网络通信任务，用于获取或提交Web资源。本文将详细介绍如何使用C#实现这个功能，特别是针对简单的GET请求。C#提供了System.Net命名空间下的WebRequest和WebResponse类，它们使得与...
【async/await】异步请求发起无数据回调问题解决【新手建议康康】
General_D的博客
05-21 1061
TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'subject')，不是所有的报错都能逃过去的，少年，该来还账了喽~
C#下载http地址文件
最新发布
weixin_46540714的博客
08-27 297
下载HTTP地址文件
C# HTTP请求
qq_27410185的博客
07-18 6140
这个就不必多说了，但是这里为了可以应对较多场景，加入了一个传入参数的类型，用来支持各种的数据，这里再提一下StringText这个枚举类型，访问.netcorewebapi的接口时，假如定义接收参数为[FromBody]String，那边必须再加引号转一下，否则获取不到，在Swagger上也一样，但是用Jquery的话，直接json.stringify()转一下是没问题的（我感觉这里是个深坑，当然你要用其他方式接收的话可以避免这个问题）；.NET版本.NETCore3.1。......
c# http请求
wweixiao的博客
07-01 330
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace command { public class HttpHelpe...
C#——HTTP请求
热门推荐
weixin_50478033的博客
12-09 1万+
HTTP请求
C#网络应用编程第3版 马骏 课后答案.rar
06-14
《C#网络应用编程》是马骏先生撰写的一本深入探讨C#在构建网络应用程序方面的专著，第三版更是对前两版的完善和提升，旨在帮助开发者掌握使用C#进行网络编程的核心技术和实践方法。这本书涵盖了从基础的网络概念到...
C#实现http协议GET、POST请求
04-06
C#实现http协议GET、POST请求 C#实现http协议GET、POST请求 C#实现http协议GET、POST请求 C#实现http协议GET、POST请求 C#实现http协议GET、POST请求
C# http Get/POST请求封装类
08-29
C# http Get/POST请求封装类
c# http请求、POST文件帮助类
07-20
自己封装的基于C#的发送HTTP请求。包括普通POST\GET\FILE形式。 获取HTML：var hp = new HttpHelper("http://www.cnblogs.com"); hp.Send(); 发送POST：var hp = new HttpHelper("http://www.cnblogs.com/upload",HttpMethod.POST); hp.AddPostData("uid", "123123"); hp.Send(); 表单上传文件：var http = new PostFileHelper("https://api.test.com/ferify"); http.AddText("api_key", "123123"); http.AddText("api_secret", "adsf*/12365454a6123(&*^@#%YGJK"); http.AddText("uuid", "asd8f6a51sd312323")); var bytes=new bytes[]; //文件转换成字节 http.AddFile("file1", bytes);
C#中处理HTTP请求和响应（GET、POST）
wangnanofspirit的博客
05-18 4572
你可以通过在控制器或操作方法上指定路由模板来进一步自定义路由。[Route] // 将所有路由都放在api/前缀下// ... 操作方法 ...// 自定义路由模板[HttpGet// ... 根据类别返回产品列表在这个例子中，方法将响应类似这样的URL。首先，你需要定义一个或多个模型类来表示你的数据。这些类通常是简单的POCO（Plain Old CLR Objects）类，具有公共属性和字段。set;set;set;
C#中的http请求
weixin_30266885的博客
03-17 232
Httpsender方案 HttpSender是一个用于发送Http消息的轻量C#库，使用非常简单，只需要一两行代码，就能完成Http请求的发送 使用 Nuget，搜索 HttpSender 就能找到这个库 这个库的命名空间是HttpSender，类名是Sender 详细用法： 1. 发送 Get 请求 static string Get(string ur...
C# 请求http网络资源
weixin_45544851的博客
03-15 483
【代码】C# 请求http网络资源。
C# http请求类
weixin_54146275的博客
05-13 305
C# 网络请求（GET） public static class httpHelp { /// <summary> /// 指定Post地址使用Get 方式获取全部字符串 /// </summary> /// <param name="url">请求后台地址</param> /// <param name="dic">参数数组集合</param> /// <returns></returns&gt
评论 2
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值