dbus-glib编程4:使用dbus-glib

dbus-glib是dbus底层接口的一个封装。本讲我们用dbus-glib做一个dus接口，并写一个客户程序。

1、接口描述文件

首先编写接口描述文件.我们要实现的连接的公共名是"org.freedesktop.messagetestcuiyf"，接口描述文件如下：

$cat  messagetest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<node name="/org/freedesktop/MessageTest/Device">
  <interface name="org.freedesktop.MessageTest">
    <method name="SendMessage">
       <arg name="number" type="s"/>
       <arg name="contents" type="s"/>
       <arg name="featuremap" type="a{sv}"/>
       <arg type="i" direction="out"/>
    </method>
    <signal name="IncomingMessage">
       <arg name="address" type="s"/>
       <arg name="contents" type="s"/>
       <arg name="features" type="a{sv}"/>
    </signal>
  </interface>
</node>

我们要在连接"org.freedesktop.messagetestcuiyf"中实现对象"/org/freedesktop/MessageTest/Device"。这个对象有接口"org.freedesktop.MessageTest"，接口有方法SendMessage和信号"IncomingMessage"

SendMessage方法和IncomingMessage信号除了两个字符串参数外，还有一个a{sv}参数，这是一个哈希表，即python的字典。 键-值对的键类型是字符串，值类型是VARIANT。这个接口是openmoko fso接口的一部分。 但为简单起见，本例在哈希表部分，只用三个键值。

• 键"alphabet"对应的值类型是字符串。
• 键"csm_num"对应的值类型是INT32。
• 键"csm_seq"对应的值类型是INT32。

请注意方法和信号名应采用单词连写，首字母大写的格式

由接口描述文件生成绑定文件

有一个叫dbus-binding-tool的工具，它读入接口描述文件，产生一个绑定文件。这个文件包含了dbus对象的接口信息。 在主程序中我们通过dbus_g_object_type_install_info函数向dbus-glib登记对象信息（DBusGObjectInfo结构）。

直接执行命令即可生成绑定文件

dbus-binding-tool --prefix=gsm_messagetest --mode=glib-server --output=messagetest-glue.h messagetest.xml

本例使用了autotool，在Makefile.am中可以这样调用dbus-binding-tool：

messagetest-glue.h: messagetest.xml
    $(LIBTOOL) --mode=execute dbus-binding-tool --prefix=gsm_messagetest --mode=glib-server --output=messagetest-glue.h $(srcdir)/messagetest.xml

"--prefix"参数定义了对象前缀。设对象前缀是$(prefix)，则生成的DBusGObjectInfo结构变量名就是dbus_glib_$(prefix)_object_info。 绑定文件会为接口方法定义回调函数。回调函数的名称是这样的：首先将xml中的方法名称转换到全部小写，下划线分隔的格式，然后增加前缀"$(prefix)_"。 例如：如果xml中有方法SendMessage，绑定文件就会引用一个名称为$(prefix)_send_message的函数。

绑定文件还会为接口方法生成用于散集（Unmarshaling）的函数。在dbus消息中，方法参数是以流格式存在的。 该函数将方法参数由数据流还原到glib的数据格式，并传入方法的回调函数。 本例中，dbus-binding-tool生成以下的messagetest-glue.h：

/* Generated by dbus-binding-tool; do not edit! */

/* This file is generated by glib-genmarshal, do not modify it. This code is licensed under the same license as the containing project. Note that it links to GLib, so must comply with the LGPL linking clauses. */
#include <glib-object.h>

#ifdef G_ENABLE_DEBUG
#define g_marshal_value_peek_boolean(v)  g_value_get_boolean (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_char(v)     g_value_get_schar (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_uchar(v)    g_value_get_uchar (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_int(v)      g_value_get_int (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_uint(v)     g_value_get_uint (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_long(v)     g_value_get_long (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_ulong(v)    g_value_get_ulong (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_int64(v)    g_value_get_int64 (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_uint64(v)   g_value_get_uint64 (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_enum(v)     g_value_get_enum (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_flags(v)    g_value_get_flags (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_float(v)    g_value_get_float (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_double(v)   g_value_get_double (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_string(v)   (char*) g_value_get_string (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_param(v)    g_value_get_param (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_boxed(v)    g_value_get_boxed (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_pointer(v)  g_value_get_pointer (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_object(v)   g_value_get_object (v)
#define g_marshal_value_peek_variant(v)  g_value_get_variant (v)
#else /* !G_ENABLE_DEBUG */
/* WARNING: This code accesses GValues directly, which is UNSUPPORTED API.
 *          Do not access GValues directly in your code. Instead, use the
 *          g_value_get_*() functions
 */
#define g_marshal_value_peek_boolean(v)  (v)->data[0].v_int
#define g_marshal_value_peek_char(v)     (v)->data[0].v_int
#define g_marshal_value_peek_uchar(v)    (v)->data[0].v_uint
#define g_marshal_value_peek_int(v)      (v)->data[0].v_int
#define g_marshal_value_peek_uint(v)     (v)->data[0].v_uint
#define g_marshal_value_peek_long(v)     (v)->data[0].v_long
#define g_marshal_value_peek_ulong(v)    (v)->data[0].v_ulong
#define g_marshal_value_peek_int64(v)    (v)->data[0].v_int64
#define g_marshal_value_peek_uint64(v)   (v)->data[0].v_uint64
#define g_marshal_value_peek_enum(v)     (v)->data[0].v_long
#define g_marshal_value_peek_flags(v)    (v)->data[0].v_ulong
#define g_marshal_value_peek_float(v)    (v)->data[0].v_float
#define g_marshal_value_peek_double(v)   (v)->data[0].v_double
#define g_marshal_value_peek_string(v)   (v)->data[0].v_pointer
#define g_marshal_value_peek_param(v)    (v)->data[0].v_pointer
#define g_marshal_value_peek_boxed(v)    (v)->data[0].v_pointer
#define g_marshal_value_peek_pointer(v)  (v)->data[0].v_pointer
#define g_marshal_value_peek_object(v)   (v)->data[0].v_pointer
#define g_marshal_value_peek_variant(v)  (v)->data[0].v_pointer
#endif /* !G_ENABLE_DEBUG */

/* Prototype for -Wmissing-prototypes */
G_BEGIN_DECLS
extern
void dbus_glib_marshal_gsm_messagetest_BOOLEAN__STRING_STRING_BOXED_POINTER_POINTER (GClosure     *closure,
                                                                                     GValue       *return_value,
                                                                                     guint         n_param_values,
                                                                                     const GValue *param_values,
                                                                                     gpointer      invocation_hint,
                                                                                     gpointer      marshal_data);
G_END_DECLS
void
dbus_glib_marshal_gsm_messagetest_BOOLEAN__STRING_STRING_BOXED_POINTER_POINTER (GClosure     *closure,
                                                                                GValue       *return_value,
                                                                                guint         n_param_values,
                                                                                const GValue *param_values,
                                                                                gpointer      invocation_hint G_GNUC_UNUSED,
                                                                                gpointer      marshal_data)
{
  typedef gboolean (*GMarshalFunc_BOOLEAN__STRING_STRING_BOXED_POINTER_POINTER) (gpointer data1,
                                                                                 gpointer arg1,
                                                                                 gpointer arg2,
                                                                                 gpointer arg3,
                                                                                 gpointer arg4,
                                                                                 gpointer arg5,