Fragment

fragment生命周期

onCreate过程
Activity &&&& onCreate
Fragment **** onAttach
Fragment **** onCreate
Fragment **** onCreateView
Fragment **** onActivityCreate

onStart过程
Activity &&&& onStart
Fragment **** Start

onResume过程
Activity &&&& onResume
Fragment **** onResume

onPause过程
Fragment **** onPause
Activity &&&& onPause

onStop过程
Fragment **** onStop
Activity &&&& onStop

onDestroy过程
Fragment **** onDestroyView
Fragment **** onDestroy
Fragment **** onDetach
Activity &&&& onDestroy

静态fragment：如TitleFragment

（另外可以使用组合控件实现）

//新建TitleFragment继承Fragment（必须使V4包）
public class TitleFragment extends Fragment {
    @Nullable
    @Override
    //重写onCreateView，加载Fragemnt布局
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View layout = View.inflate(getContext(), R.layout.fragment_title_bar,null);
        ButterKnife.bind(this, layout);
        return layout;
    }
}

//Fragment的布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:padding="10dp"
    android:gravity="center_vertical">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_location"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:drawableRight="@drawable/lbs_red_vector"
        android:text="定位中"
        android:textColor="@color/colorAccent" />

    <RelativeLayout
        android:id="@+id/rl_search"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
        android:layout_weight="1">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:drawableLeft="@mipmap/search_icon"
            android:gravity="center_vertical"
            android:hint="搜索您想要的商品" />

        <View
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="1px"
            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
            android:background="@drawable/selector_color" />
    </RelativeLayout>

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv_message"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:src="@drawable/msg_red_vector" />

</LinearLayout>

//在Activity的xml中声明此Fragment，就当和普通的view一样（注意：要写上fragment的完整包名）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/title_bar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:name="ui.fragment.TitleBarFragment"/>
</LinearLayout>

动态Fragment：如结合RadioButton结合使用

//新建几个类继承Fragment（必须使V4包），重写onCreateView决定Fragemnt的布局（同上）
//Fragment的布局（同上）
//在Activity中声明FrameLayout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="ui.activity.MainActivity">

    <RadioGroup
        android:id="@+id/rg_tab"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:padding="5dp">


        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/tab_home"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:button="@null"
            android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_home_selector"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:tag="0"
            android:text="首页"
            android:textColor="@color/tab_selector"
            android:textSize="18sp" />

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/tab_goods"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:button="@null"
            android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_goods_selector"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:tag="1"
            android:text="全部商品"
            android:textColor="@color/tab_selector"
            android:textSize="18sp" />

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/tab_shopping"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:button="@null"
            android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_shoppingcar_selector"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:tag="2"
            android:text="购物车"
            android:textColor="@color/tab_selector"
            android:textSize="18sp" />

        <RadioButton
            android:id="@+id/tab_personal"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:button="@null"
            android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_personal_selector"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:tag="3"
            android:text="个人中心"
            android:textColor="@color/tab_selector"
            android:textSize="18sp" />
    </RadioGroup>

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fl_content"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_above="@id/rg_tab"></FrameLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

//通过getSupportFragmentManager获得的FragmentManager开启事务，对Fragment实例进行操作 （replace是remove和add的合体，hide与remove的区别是是否保存数据）

    //要切换的四个Fragment
    Fragment[] tabList = new Fragment[4];
    //当前页角标
    int currIndex = -1;
    @Override
    protected void initView() {
        rgTab.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);
        //默认选择第一个界面
        rgTab.check(R.id.tab_home);
    }

  @Override
    public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup radioGroup, @IdRes int checkId) {
        showToast(checkId+"");
        //拿到Tag
        int tag = Integer.parseInt(rgTab.findViewById(checkId).getTag().toString());
        //切换三步骤
        FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
        if (currIndex != -1)
            //隐藏上一个界面
            ft.hide(tabList[currIndex]);
        if (tabList[tag]==null){
            tabList[tag] = createFragment(tag);
            ft.add(R.id.fl_content,tabList[tag]);
        }else
            ft.show(tabList[tag]);
        currIndex = tag;
        ft.commit();
    }

    private Fragment createFragment(int tag) {
        switch (tag){
            case 0:
                return new HomeFragment();
            case 1:
                return new GoodsFragment();
            case 2:
                return new ShoppingFragment();
            case 3:
                return new PersonalFragment();
        }
        return null;
    }

管理Fragment回退栈

前提是动态加载fragment，代码为ft.addToBackStack(null);

Fragment与Activity通信

1.获取Fragment引用

TitleBarFragment titleBarFragment = (TitleBarFragment) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.title_bar);
TitleBarFragment titleBarFragment = (TitleBarFragment) getFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("TAG0");

2.获取Activity引用

可以通过getActivity得到当前绑定的Activity的实例，然后进行操作。

3.在Fragment声明一个接口，回调fragment的点击事件 （点击前的准备，点击，点击后的回调）

避免重复new Fragment

给一个前提 if(savedInstanceState == null)