用dom4j实现XML的遍历，增加namespace, 设置standalone="yes" 等操作

最近用DOM4j实现了对XML的解析，遍历XML element， 增加declare namespace， 设置XML standalone="yes", 和写入XML等操作的操作:

(1) 遍历XML element和每个element attributes:

      首先获取XML document的root element节点后，然后定义一个递归调用的方法，来实现XML element的遍历：

        

private void traverseElement(Element element,StringBuffer strbuf) throws DocumentException{
     StringBuffer interbuf = new StringBuffer(strbuf);
     StringBuffer interbuf2 = new StringBuffer(strbuf);  
     for (Iterator j = element.elementIterator(); j.hasNext();) {  //通过调用elementIterator()方法实现对child element遍历
       Element obj = (Element) j.next();
       System.out.println(interbuf.toString()+obj.getName());
       for ( Iterator i = obj.attributeIterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {  //遍历element的attribute
           Attribute attribute = (Attribute) i.next();  
           System.out.print(" 元素的属性名和值:"+attribute.getName()+"="+attribute.getStringValue());  
       }  
       if(obj.attributeCount()>0) System.out.println("");
       if(getElementChild(obj)) {
           traverseElement(obj,new StringBuffer(interbuf2.append("--")));
           interbuf2.setLength(interbuf2.length()-2);
       }
       
   }  
 }

(2) 增加declare namespace:

         首先要获取XML中已经声明的namespace, 这些namespace的prfix可能是ns2, ns3, ns4...等等    

   List<Namespace> declareNamespaces = rootElm.declaredNamespaces();  //获取XML document已经声明的namespace
   for (Namespace ns: declareNamespaces){
       System.out.println("namespace prefix:"+ ns.getPrefix()+", namespace URI:"+ns.getURI());
   }

   int nslen = root.declaredNamespaces().size() + 1;
   nsPrefix = "ns" + nslen;
   root.addNamespace(nsPrefix, GEN_CDRNS); //root: rootelement, nsPrefix:XML namespace前缀, GEN_CDRNS: 新增namespace的URI

(3)  设置XML standalone="yes"

  在dom4j中不支持直接在outputFormat中设置standalone属性的方法，可以用过改写XMLWriter中的writeDeclaration()方法来实现：

public class StandaloneWriter extends XMLWriter {
    public StandaloneWriter(OutputStream out, OutputFormat format)
            throws UnsupportedEncodingException
        {
            super(out,format);
        }
    
    protected void writeDeclaration()
            throws IOException
        {
           OutputFormat format = getOutputFormat();
            String encoding = format.getEncoding();
            if(!format.isSuppressDeclaration())
            {
                writer.write("<?xml version=\"1.0\"");
                if(encoding.equals("UTF8"))
                {
                    if(!format.isOmitEncoding())
                        writer.write(" encoding=\"UTF-8\"");
                } else
                {
                    if(!format.isOmitEncoding())
                        writer.write(" encoding=\"" + encoding + "\"");
                    
                }
                writer.write(" standalone=\"yes\"");
                writer.write("?>");
                if(format.isNewLineAfterDeclaration())
                    println();
            }
        }
}

那么在写XML的时候，使用StandaloneWriter对象，就能将standalone="yes" 写入到XML declare中

OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
StandaloneWriter writer = new StandaloneWriter(new FileOutputStream(filePath),format);  
writer.write(document); 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>