Java 观察者模式

本文主要用作学习记录，参考headfirst设计模式

设计原则:找出应用中可能需要变化之外，把它们独立出来，不要和那些不需要变化的代码混在一起
设计原则:针对接口编程，而不是针对实现编程
设计原则:多用组合，少用继承

观察者模式定义了对象之间的一对多依赖，这样一来，当一个对象改变状态时，它的所有依赖者都会收到通知并自动更新。

//定义主题
public interface Subject {
    public void registerObserver(Observer observer);
    public void removeObserver(Observer observer);
    public void notifyObservers();
}
//定义观察者
public interface Observer {
    public void update(float temp,float humidity,float pressure);
}
//实现主题
public class WeatherData implements Subject{
    private ArrayList observers;
    private float temperature;
    private float humidity;
    private float pressure;

    public WeatherData(){
        observers = new ArrayList();
    }

    @Override
    public void registerObserver(Observer observer) {
        observers.add(observer);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeObserver(Observer observer) {
        int i = observers.indexOf(observer);
        if(i>=0){
            observers.remove(observer);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void notifyObservers() {
        for(int i=0;i<observers.size();i++){
            Observer observer = (Observer) observers.get(i);
            observer.update(temperature,humidity,pressure);
        }
    }

    public void measurementsChanged(){
        notifyObservers();
    }

    public void setMeasurements(float temperature,float humidity,float pressure){
        this.temperature = temperature;
        this.humidity = humidity;
        this.pressure = pressure;
        measurementsChanged();
    }
}

//实现订阅1
public class CurrentConditionsDisplay implements Observer,DisplayElement{

    private float temperature;
    private float humidity;
    private Subject weatherData;

    public CurrentConditionsDisplay(Subject weatherData){
        this.weatherData = weatherData;
        weatherData.registerObserver(this);
    }
    @Override
    public void display() {
        System.out.println("CurrentConditionsDisplay: "+ temperature + "--"+humidity);
    }

    @Override
    public void update(float temp, float humidity, float pressure) {
         this.temperature = temp;
         this.humidity = humidity;
         display();
    }

}
//实现订阅2
public class CurrentConditionsDisplay1 implements Observer,DisplayElement{

    private float temperature;
    private float humidity;
    private float pressure;
    private Subject weatherData;

    public CurrentConditionsDisplay1(Subject weatherData){
        this.weatherData = weatherData;
        weatherData.registerObserver(this);
    }
    @Override
    public void display() {
        System.out.println("CurrentConditionsDisplay1: "+ temperature + "--"+humidity +"--"+pressure);
    }

    @Override
    public void update(float temp, float humidity, float pressure) {
         this.temperature = temp;
         this.humidity = humidity;
         this.pressure = pressure;
         display();
    }
   
}

//测试
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WeatherData weatherData = new WeatherData();
        CurrentConditionsDisplay currentConditionsDisplay = new CurrentConditionsDisplay(weatherData);
        CurrentConditionsDisplay1 currentConditionsDisplay1 = new CurrentConditionsDisplay1(weatherData);

        weatherData.setMeasurements(1.2f,8.9f,10.2f);
    }
}

JDK 中观察者模式测试

public class ObserverTest implements java.util.Observer {
    @Override
    public void update(Observable o, Object arg) {
        System.out.println(arg);
    }
}

public class ObserverTest1 extends Observable {

    @Override
    public void notifyObservers(Object arg) {
        super.notifyObservers(arg);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ObserverTest observerTest = new ObserverTest();
        ObserverTest1 observerTest1 = new ObserverTest1();
        observerTest1.addObserver(observerTest);
        observerTest1.setChanged();
        observerTest1.notifyObservers("1232");

    }
}