MyBatis详解：二入门 —— 第一个MyBatis程序

本文详细介绍了如何使用MyBatis搭建数据库环境，从创建数据库、添加数据，到创建Maven项目、配置MyBatis，再到编写Mapper接口和映射文件，最后实现CRUD操作。步骤清晰，适合初学者入门。

1. 创建数据库，添加数据

2. 创建Maven应用，导入相关Jar包

3. 创建数据库对应实体类

4. 创建MyBatis配置文件 mybatis-config.xml

5. 创建获取SqlSessionFactory工具类

6. 创建Mapper接口

7. 创建映射器UserMapper.xml

8. 注册映射器

9. 创建测试类，测试 getUsers 方法

10. MyBatis的CRUD

1. 创建数据库，添加数据

create database test01;

use test01;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
Create table `user` (
  `id` int(10) NOt null primary key,
  `name` varchar(50) Not null,
  `pwd` varchar(20) not null
) engine=innodb default charset=utf8;

insert into `user` value(1, 'zhangsan', '123456');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUE(2, 'lisi', '123456');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUE(3, 'wangermazi', '123456');

运行后如下：

2. 创建Maven应用，导入相关Jar包

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  <version>8.0.23</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
  <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
  <version>3.5.3</version>
</dependency>

3. 创建数据库对应实体类

package com.daicy.mybatis.domain;
public class User {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String pwd;

	public User() {
		super();
	}
	public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.pwd = pwd;
	}
// getter & setter
// ……

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", pwd=" + pwd + "]";
	}
}

4. 创建MyBatis配置文件 mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
  <environments default="development">
    <environment id="development">
      <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
      <dataSource type="POOLED">
        <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://10.2.33.161:3306/test01?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="root"/>
      </dataSource>
    </environment>
  </environments>
  
</configuration>

5. 创建获取SqlSessionFactory工具类

package com.daicy.mybatis.utils;
import ...
public class MyBatisUtil {

	private static final String S_CONFIG_FILE = "config/mybatis-config.xml";

	private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

	private MyBatisUtil() {

	}

	public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory() {
		if (sqlSessionFactory == null) {
			InputStream inputStream = null;
			try {
				inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(S_CONFIG_FILE);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			synchronized (MyBatisUtil.class) {
				if (sqlSessionFactory == null)
					sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
			}
			return sqlSessionFactory;
		}

		return sqlSessionFactory;
	}
}

6. 创建Mapper接口

package com.daicy.mybatis.mapper;

import java.util.List;
import com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User;

public interface UserMapper {
	public List<User> getUsers();
}

7. 创建映射器UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.daicy.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper">
  <select id="getUsers" resultType="com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User">
    select * from user
  </select>
</mapper>

8. 注册映射器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
  <!-- 这里配置不变 -->
  <environments default="development">
    .....  
  </environments>

  <!-- 这里为映射器配置 -->
  <mappers>
    <mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

9. 创建测试类，测试 getUsers 方法

package com.daicy.mybatis.mapper;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User;
import com.daicy.mybatis.utils.MyBatisUtil;

public class UserMapperTests {

	@Test
	public void getUsers() {
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSessionFactory();
		SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		List<User> users = userMapper.getUsers();
		for (User user : users) {
			System.out.println(user);
		}
		sqlSession.close();
	}
	
}

运行Test，可见如下输出

至此，MyBatis环境搭建完成。测试可用。

10. MyBatis的CRUD

修改UserMapper.java，添加增删改查接口，如下：

package com.daicy.mybatis.mapper;

import java.util.List;
import com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User;

public interface UserMapper {
	public List<User> getUsers();
	
	//增
	public void save(User user);
	
	//删
	public void delete(User user);
	
	//改
	public void update(User user);
	
	//查
	public User getUser(int id);
}

修改Mapper.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.daicy.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper">

	<select id="getUsers" resultType="com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User">
		select * from user
	</select>

    <insert id="save" parameterType="com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User">
        insert into user values(#{id}, #{name}, #{pwd})
    </insert>
    
    <delete id="delete" parameterType="com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User">
        delete from user where id = #{id}
    </delete>
    
    <update id="update" parameterType="com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User">
        update user set name=#{name}, pwd=#{pwd} where id=#{id}
    </update>
    
    <select id="getUser" parameterType="_int" resultType="com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User">
        select * from user where id=#{id}
    </select>

</mapper>

测试类如下：

package com.daicy.mybatis.mapper;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.daicy.mybatis.domain.User;
import com.daicy.mybatis.utils.MyBatisUtil;

public class UserMapperTests {

	@Test
	public void getUsers() {
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSessionFactory();
		SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		List<User> users = userMapper.getUsers();
		for (User user : users) {
			System.out.println(user);
		}
		sqlSession.close();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void saveUser() {
		User u = new User(4, "xiaotaoqi", "123456");
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSessionFactory();
		SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		userMapper.save(u);
		sqlSession.commit();
		sqlSession.close();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void deleteUser() {
		User u = new User(4, "xiaotaoqi", "123456");
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSessionFactory();
		SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		userMapper.delete(u);
		sqlSession.commit();
		sqlSession.close();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void updateUser() {
		User u = new User(3, "wangwu", "123456");
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSessionFactory();
		SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		userMapper.update(u);
		sqlSession.commit();
		sqlSession.close();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void getUser() {
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSessionFactory();
		SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		User u = userMapper.getUser(1);
		System.out.println(u);
		sqlSession.close();
	}
}