内容提供者ContentProvider

9.内容提供者：Content Provider ：不同应用程序间实现数据共享功能。
用法2种：
1.读取和操作相应程序中的数据
2.给jj程序的数据提供外部接口

3.访问内容提供者 中的共享数据需要借助 ContentResolver类 进行共享数据的CURD

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // content 协议  包名 表名
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.a123.databasetext/table");
        // 查询
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(
            uri,    //查询应用程序下的某表
            projection, // 指定查询的咧
            selection,  // 指定where 的约束条件
            selectionAgrs, // where的占位符
            sortOrder);   // 查询结果排序


        // 添加
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name1","haha");
        values.put("name2","hehe");
        getContentResolver().insert(uri,values);

        // 更新
        ContentValues values1 = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name1","");
        getContentResolver().update(uri,values,"name1 = ?",new String[]{"xxxx"});

        // 删除
        getContentResolver().delete(uri,"name1 = ? ",new String[]{"haha"});
    }
}

10. android 运行时权限
11.android 的危险权限需要加入运行时权限处理，其它普通权限只需要在androidManifest中添加权限即可

12.拨打电话的运行时权限完整流程

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // 拨打电话的运行时权限完整流程
        // 表示用户未授权Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            // 弹出让用户选择是否授权,选择后执行回调onRequestPermissionsResult
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[] { Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE }, 1);
        }
        else {

            call();
        }

    }

    private void call()
    {
        try {
            Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
            intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:10086"));
            startActivity(intent);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults)
    {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    call();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

13. 创建jj的内容提供者
1. URI写法：访问程序的table表：content://com.example.app.provider/table
2.访问table表中拥有对应id的数据：content://com.example.app.provider/table/10
3.使用通配符匹配： 
* 代表任意长度的字符   : 可以匹配任意表内容的URI ： content://com.example.app.provider/*
# 代表任意长度的数据   : 可以匹配table表中任意一行数据 ： content://com.example.app.provider/table/#


14.Uri对象所对应的MIME类型 ：主要由3部分组成
1.必须以vnd开头
2.如果URI以路径结尾：则后接android.cursor.dir/ 如果以id结尾：则后接android.cursor.item/


content://com.example.app.provider/table 
MIME:vnd.android.cursor.dir/content://com.example.app.provider/table 


content://com.example.app.provider/table/10
MIME: vnd.android.cursor.item/content://com.example.app.provider/table/10


15. jj完整的内容提供者
1.创建一个类继承ContentProvider，实现其6个方法
2.使用UriMatcher实现内容匹配URI的功能

3.当调用UriMatcher的match时，传入一个Uri对象，返回值就是能够匹配这个Uri对象对应的自定义代码，就可以知道调用方希望访问哪张表数据

public class MyProvider extends ContentProvider
{

    private static final int TABLE_DIR = 0;

    private static final int TABLE_ITEM = 1;

    private static final int TABLE1_DIR = 2;

    private static final int TABLE1_ITEM = 3;

    private static UriMatcher mUriMatcher;

    static {
        mUriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        mUriMatcher.addURI("com.example.app.provider", "table", TABLE_DIR);
        mUriMatcher.addURI("com.example.app.provider", "table", TABLE_ITEM);
        mUriMatcher.addURI("com.example.app.provider", "table1", TABLE_DIR);
        mUriMatcher.addURI("com.example.app.provider", "table1", TABLE1_ITEM);
    }

    // ContentResolver 尝试访问程序数据时候 内容提供者才会初始化，返回true代表成功
    @Override
    public boolean onCreate()
    {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder)
    {
        switch (mUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case TABLE_DIR:
                // 查询table表中所有数据
                break;
            case TABLE_ITEM:
                // 查询table表中单条数据
                break;

        }
        return null;
    }

    // 根据传入的Uri来返回相应的MIME类型
    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri)
    {
        switch (mUriMatcher.match(uri))
        {
            case TABLE_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/content://com.example.app.provider/table";
            case TABLE_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/content://com.example.app.provider/table";
        }
        return null;
    }


    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values)
    {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs)
    {
        return 0;
    }
}

16.创建jj的内容提供者 MyProvider
public class MyProvider extends ContentProvider
{

    // 定义常量 分别访问不同表中的所有数据和单条数据
    public static final int BOOK_DIR = 0;

    public static final int BOOK_ITEM = 1;

    public static final int TABLE_DIR = 2;

    public static final int TABLE_ITEM = 3;

    public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.example.app.provider";

    private static UriMatcher mUriMatcher;

    private MyDatabaseHelper mMyDatabaseHelper;

    // UriMatcher初始化
    static {
        mUriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        mUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book", BOOK_DIR);
        mUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book", BOOK_ITEM);
        mUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "table", TABLE_DIR);
        mUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "table", TABLE_ITEM);
    }

    // ContentResolver 尝试访问程序数据时候 内容提供者才会初始化，返回true代表成功
    @Override
    public boolean onCreate()
    {
        mMyDatabaseHelper = new MyDatabaseHelper(getContext(), "BookStore.db", null, 2);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder)
    {
        // 查询数据
        SQLiteDatabase db = mMyDatabaseHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor cursor = null;
        switch (mUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                // 查询table表中所有数据
                cursor = db.query("Book", null, null, null, null, null, null);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                // 查询table表中单条数据 通过uri的getPathSegments获取1位置存放的id，0位置存放路径
                String booId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                cursor = db.query("Book", projection, "id = ?", new String[] { booId }, null, null, sortOrder);
                break;

        }
        return cursor;
    }

    // 根据传入的Uri来返回相应的MIME类型
    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri)
    {
        switch (mUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/content://com.example.app.provider/book";
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/content://com.example.app.provider/book";
        }
        return null;
    }


    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values)
    {
        // 添加数据
        SQLiteDatabase db = mMyDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        Uri uriReturn = null;
        switch (mUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                long newBookId = db.insert("Book", null, values);
                // Uri.parse 将uri内容解析为对象
                uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/book/" + newBookId);
                break;
        }
        return uriReturn;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs)
    {
        // 删除数据
        SQLiteDatabase db = mMyDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int deleteRows = 0;
        switch (mUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                deleteRows = db.delete("Book", selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                deleteRows = db.delete("Book", "id = ?", new String[] { bookId });
                break;
        }
        return deleteRows;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs)
    {
        // 更新数据
        SQLiteDatabase db = mMyDatabaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int updateRows = 0;
        switch (mUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK_DIR:
                updateRows = db.update("Book", values, selection, selectionArgs);
                break;
            case BOOK_ITEM:
                String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
                updateRows = db.update("Book", values, "id = ?", new String[] { bookId });
        }
        return updateRows;
    }
	
	需要在androidManifest中注册
	    <application

        android:name="org.litepal.LitePalApplication"

        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        // 注册内容提供者
        <provider
            android:authorities="com.example.a123.databasetext"
            android:name=".MyProvider"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">

        </provider>
    </application>

</manifest>

	
 使用jj创建的内容提供者
	public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{

    private String newId;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // 内容提供者添加数据
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.example.a123.database.provider/book");
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put("name","haha");
        values.put("price",12.99);
        Uri newUri = getContentResolver().insert(uri,values);
        newId = newUri.getPathSegments().get(1);

        // 查询
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri,null,null,null,null);
        while (cursor.moveToNext())
        {
            String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
        }
        cursor.close();

        // 更新数据
        Uri uri1 = Uri.parse("content://com.example.a123.database.provider/"+newId);
        ContentValues values1 = new ContentValues();
        values1.put("name","hehe");
        getContentResolver().update(uri,values,null,null);

        // 删除
        getContentResolver().delete(uri1,null,null);
    }
}