[Leetcode][第329题][JAVA][矩阵中的最长递增路径][DFS][拓扑排序]

【问题描述】[中等]

【解答思路】

1. 记忆化深度优先搜索

复杂度

class Solution {
    public int[][] dirs = {{-1, 0}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {0, 1}};
    public int rows, columns;

    public int longestIncreasingPath(int[][] matrix) {
        if (matrix == null || matrix.length == 0 || matrix[0].length == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        rows = matrix.length;
        columns = matrix[0].length;
        int[][] memo = new int[rows][columns];
        int ans = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < columns; ++j) {
                ans = Math.max(ans, dfs(matrix, i, j, memo));
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }

    public int dfs(int[][] matrix, int row, int column, int[][] memo) {
        if (memo[row][column] != 0) {
            return memo[row][column];
        }
        ++memo[row][column];
        for (int[] dir : dirs) {
            int newRow = row + dir[0], newColumn = column + dir[1];
            if (newRow >= 0 && newRow < rows && newColumn >= 0 && newColumn < columns && matrix[newRow][newColumn] > matrix[row][column]) {
                memo[row][column] = Math.max(memo[row][column], dfs(matrix, newRow, newColumn, memo) + 1);
            }
        }
        return memo[row][column];
    }
}

2. 拓扑排序

复杂度

class Solution {
    public int[][] dirs = {{-1, 0}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {0, 1}};
    public int rows, columns;

    public int longestIncreasingPath(int[][] matrix) {
        if (matrix == null || matrix.length == 0 || matrix[0].length == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        rows = matrix.length;
        columns = matrix[0].length;
        int[][] outdegrees = new int[rows][columns];
        //初始化度 度递增
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < columns; ++j) {
                for (int[] dir : dirs) {
                    int newRow = i + dir[0], newColumn = j + dir[1];
                    if (newRow >= 0 && newRow < rows && newColumn >= 0 && newColumn < columns && matrix[newRow][newColumn] > matrix[i][j]) {
                        ++outdegrees[i][j];
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        //边界条件入度 相关点进行递减
        Queue<int[]> queue = new LinkedList<int[]>();
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < columns; ++j) {
                if (outdegrees[i][j] == 0) {
                    queue.offer(new int[]{i, j});
                }
            }
        }
        int ans = 0;
        while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
            ++ans;
            int size = queue.size();
            for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
                int[] cell = queue.poll();
                int row = cell[0], column = cell[1];
                for (int[] dir : dirs) {
                    int newRow = row + dir[0], newColumn = column + dir[1];
                    if (newRow >= 0 && newRow < rows && newColumn >= 0 && newColumn < columns && matrix[newRow][newColumn] < matrix[row][column]) {
                        --outdegrees[newRow][newColumn];
                        if (outdegrees[newRow][newColumn] == 0) {
                            queue.offer(new int[]{newRow, newColumn});
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
}

【总结】

1. 拓扑排序模板

定边界 - 入队 - 出队 层数即为答案

2.dfs 记忆化搜索 避免超时

转载链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/longest-increasing-path-in-a-matrix/solution/ju-zhen-zhong-de-zui-chang-di-zeng-lu-jing-by-le-2/