快速排序法

快速排序法

【0】目录：

【1】题目
【2】思想
【3】代码实现
【4】测试结果

【1】题目：

写一个快速排序法，
将 int data[100] = {20,30,404,35,92,34,16,97,55,44,22,4,32,442,65,234,22,20, 365,202,
10,40,454,32,22,4,166,87,55,44,282,404,892,442,65,234,22,210, 3655,2021,
20,110,414,36,2,34,166,77,55,44,822,4444,2,442,65,234,992,220, 3665,2022,
30,120,424,37,22,34,166,7,55,44,228,46,72,442,65,234,222,230, 3675,2023,
20,30,414,32,22,34,166,67,5,644,229,48,42,4422,65,234,232,240, 3685,2024};进行排序；

【2】思想：

在这组待排序的序列中，随机选择一个数，将其余数字与该数进行比较，将小于它的数放在该数的前面，将大于该数的数字放在它的后面，然后， 递归前面的步骤，即可将无序的序列排好；快速排序法虽然总体的平均效率是最好的，但是并非任何场景都适合，比如，待排序的序列本来就是有序的，这种情况下，时间复杂度为 O（N^2）;

【3】代码实现：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

void swap(int* x,int* y)
{
    int tmp = *x;
    *x = *y;
    *y = tmp;
}
int partition(int data[],int length ,int start ,int end)
{
    if(data == NULL || length <= 0|| start < 0|| end >= length )
    {
        printf("参数传递错误:data == NULL || length <= 0|| start < 0|| end >= length \n");
        return -1;
    }
//index在本区间内，随机选定一个数字均可，本人为了避免使用随机数，故而直接设置为中间元素
    int index =( start + end )/2;
    swap( &data[index], &data[end] );

    int small = start -1;
    for(index = start ;index <end ;++index )
    {
        if(data[index]<data[end])
        {
                ++small;

            if(small != index)
                swap(&data[small],&data[index]);
        }
    }
    ++ small;
    swap(&data[small], &data[end] );

    return small;
}
void quicksort(int data[],int length ,int start, int end)
{
    //if(data == NULL || length <= 0|| start < 0|| end >= length )
    //{
    //  printf("参数传递错误:data == NULL || length <= 0|| start < 0|| end >= length \n");
    //  return ;
    //}
    if(start == end )
    {
        return ;
    }
    int index = partition(data,length,start,end);
    if(index >start )
    {
        quicksort(data, length, start,index-1 );
    }
    if(index < end )
    {
        quicksort(data, length,index+1,end );
    }
}
//===================================测试代码=======================================
void test()
{
    int data[100] = {20,30,404,35,92,34,16,97,55,44,22,4,32,442,65,234,22,20, 365,202,
                     10,40,454,32,22,4,166,87,55,44,282,404,892,442,65,234,22,210, 3655,2021,
                     20,110,414,36,2,34,166,77,55,44,822,4444,2,442,65,234,992,220, 3665,2022,
                     30,120,424,37,22,34,166,7,55,44,228,46,72,442,65,234,222,230, 3675,2023,
                    20,30,414,32,22,34,166,67,5,644,229,48,42,4422,65,234,232,240, 3685,2024};
    int length = sizeof(data)/sizeof(data[0]);
    int start = 0;
    int end = length - 1 ;
    printf("总共需要对%d个数字进行排序\n",length);
    quicksort(data, length , start,  end);

    for(int i = 0; i< length ; ++i )
    {
        printf("%d ",data[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}

int main()
{
    test();
    return 0;
}

【4】测试结果如下所示：