1. mmap.c:
<span style="font-size:18px;">#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#define DEVICE_NAME "mymap"
static unsigned char array[10]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
static unsigned char *buffer;
static int my_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
return 0;
}
static int my_map(struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
unsigned long page;
unsigned char i;
unsigned long start = (unsigned long)vma->vm_start;
//unsigned long end = (unsigned long)vma->vm_end;
unsigned long size = (unsigned long)(vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start);
//得到物理地址
page = virt_to_phys(buffer); //vma相当于用户空间的虚拟地址,即test_mmap.c中mmap函数的返回值p_map指向的地址空间
//,size为下面test_mmap.c中的PAGE_SIZE
//将用户空间的一个vma虚拟内存区映射到以page开始的一段连续物理页面上
if(remap_pfn_range(vma,start,page>>PAGE_SHIFT,size,PAGE_SHARED))//第三个参数是页帧号,由物理地址右移PAGE_SHIFT得到
return -1;
//往该内存写10字节数据
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
buffer[i] = array[i];
return 0;
}
static struct file_operations dev_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = my_open,
.mmap = my_map,
};
static struct miscdevice misc = {
.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,
.name = DEVICE_NAME,
.fops = &dev_fops,
};
static ssize_t hwrng_attr_current_show(struct device *dev,
struct device_attribute *attr,
char *buf)
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < 10 ; i++){
printk("%d\n",buffer[i]);
}
return 0;
}
static DEVICE_ATTR(rng_current, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR,
hwrng_attr_current_show,
NULL);
static int __init dev_init(void)
{
int ret;
//注册混杂设备
ret = misc_register(&misc);
//内存分配
buffer = (unsigned char *)kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE,GFP_KERNEL);
//将该段内存设置为保留
SetPageReserved(virt_to_page(buffer));
ret = device_create_file(misc.this_device,&dev_attr_rng_current);
return ret;
}
static void __exit dev_exit(void)
{
//注销设备
misc_deregister(&misc);
//清除保留
ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(buffer));
//释放内存
kfree(buffer);
}
module_init(dev_init);
module_exit(dev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("LKN@SCUT");
</span></span>
2. Makefile:
<span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="font-size:18px;">ifeq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
PWD :=$(shell pwd)
KERSRC := /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build/
modules:
$(MAKE) -C $(KERSRC) M=$(PWD) modules
moules_install:
$(MAKE) -C $(KERSRC) M=$(PWD) modules_install
.PHONY: modules modules_install clean
clean:
-rm -rf *.o *.cmd.* *.ko
else
modules-objs :=mmap.o
obj-m := mmap.o
endif</span></span>
3. test_mmap.c:
<span style="font-size:18px;">#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <linux/fb.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define PAGE_SIZE 4096
int main(int argc , char *argv[])
{
int fd;
int i;
unsigned char *p_map;
//打开设备
fd = open("/dev/mymap",O_RDWR);
if(fd < 0)
{
printf("open fail\n");
exit(1);
}
//内存映射 映射PAGE_SIZE大小的内核地址空间到用户空间,返回映射后的用户地址,访问该地址即是访问内核空间地址
p_map = (unsigned char *)mmap(0, PAGE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,fd, 0);
if(p_map == MAP_FAILED)
{
printf("mmap fail\n");
goto here;
}
//打印映射后的内存中的前10个字节内容
for(i=0;i<10;i++){
printf("%d\n",p_map[i]);
p_map[i] = i + 10;
}
here:
munmap(p_map, PAGE_SIZE);
return 0;
}</span>
4. 执行make; sudo insmod mmap.ko; 会发现/dev/下会有mymap,ll /dev/mymap输出如下:
crw------- 1 root root 10, 53 4月 2 10:31 /dev/mymap
gcc test_mmap.c -o test_mmap;
模块编译安装之后,运行应用程序test_mmap 会看到
han@ubuntu:/workspace/test$ sudo ./test_mmap
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
在终端执行cat /sys/class/misc/mymap/rng_current
再执行dmesg
看到如下
[ 5926.797684] 10
[ 5926.797708] 11
[ 5926.797710] 12
[ 5926.797711] 13
[ 5926.797712] 14
[ 5926.797713] 15
[ 5926.797714] 16
[ 5926.797714] 17
[ 5926.797715] 18
[ 5926.797716] 19
[ 6413.451271] 10
[ 6413.451277] 11
[ 6413.451278] 12
[ 6413.451279] 13
[ 6413.451280] 14
[ 6413.451281] 15
[ 6413.451281] 16
[ 6413.451282] 17
[ 6413.451283] 18
[ 6413.451284] 19
说明应用层和和内核层是操作的同一个buffer区间。
from: http://blog.csdn.net/weed_hz/article/details/9787163