默认创建的托管服务是一个1秒轮询的任务，而windows服务的很多应用场景需要一直监听的任务，此篇我们就改造一下默认创建的托管服务，使其能够一直监听。
引入 HttpListener 类，实现监听HTTP请求和对外接口，以及提供web端网页。
改造Worker.cs
重写BackgroundService.StartAsync，BackgroundService.StopAsync和BackgroundService.ExecuteAsync方法
public class Worker : BackgroundService
{
private readonly ILogger<Worker> _logger;
private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
public HostedServiceOptions HostedServiceOptions { get; private set; }
public Worker(ILogger<Worker> logger, IConfiguration configuration)
{
_logger = logger;
_configuration = configuration; //依赖注入IConfiguration
}
public override async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Worker starting at: {time}", DateTimeOffset.Now);
HostedServiceOptions = _configuration.GetSection(HostedServiceOptions.HostedService).Get<HostedServiceOptions>(); //绑定并返回指定的类型
await base.StopAsync(cancellationToken);
}
protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
await Task.Run(async () =>
{
//++如果服务被停止，那么下面的IsCancellationRequested会返回true，我们就应该结束循环
while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Worker running at: {time}", DateTimeOffset.Now);
await Task.Delay(HostedServiceOptions.WorkerInterval, stoppingToken); //设置托管任务轮询时间
}
}, stoppingToken);
}
public override async Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Worker stopping at: {time}", DateTimeOffset.Now);
await base.StopAsync(cancellationToken);
}
}
实现监听HTTP请求和对外接口
引入 HTTP 协议侦听器
在 Worker.cs 中，添加 HTTP 协议侦听器。
private readonly ILogger<Worker> _logger;
private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
private static HttpListener _httpListener; //++声明一个静态的监听器
public HostedServiceOptions HostedServiceOptions { get; private set; }
public Worker(ILogger<Worker> logger, IConfiguration configuration)
{
_logger = logger;
_configuration = configuration; //依赖注入IConfiguration
}
在配置文件 appsettings.json 中添加 HTTP 协议侦听地址。
{
...
"HostedService": {
"WorkerInterval": 60000, //托管任务轮询时间
"HttpListenerPrefixes": [ "http://+:51515/" ] //++ HTTP 协议侦听地址
}
}
在 HostedServiceOptions.cs 文件中添加对应的属性。
public class HostedServiceOptions
{
public const string HostedService = "HostedService";
public int WorkerInterval { get; set; }
public List<string> HttpListenerPrefixes { get; set; } //++对应 HTTP 协议侦听地址
}
监听HTTP请求
监听HTTP的请求，写在 Worker.cs 文件中。首先在 StartAsync 中初始化 HTTP 协议侦听器。
public override async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
_logger.LogInformation("Worker starting at: {time}", DateTimeOffset.Now);
HostedServiceOptions = _configuration.GetSection(HostedServiceOptions.HostedService).Get<HostedServiceOptions>(); //绑定并返回指定的类型
InitializeHttpListener(); //++初始化 HTTP 协议侦听器
await base.StopAsync(cancellationToken);
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化 HTTP 协议侦听器
/// </summary>
private void InitializeHttpListener()
{
try
{
if (!HttpListener.IsSupported)
{
_logger.LogWarning("Windows XP SP2 or Server 2003 is required to use the HttpListener class.");
return;
}
if (HostedServiceOptions.HttpListenerPrefixes == null || HostedServiceOptions.HttpListenerPrefixes.Count == 0)
{
throw new ArgumentException("prefixes");
}
if (_httpListener == null)
{
_httpListener = new HttpListener();
}
foreach (var prefix in HostedServiceOptions.HttpListenerPrefixes)
{
if (!_httpListener.Prefixes.Contains(prefix))
{
_httpListener.Prefixes.Add(prefix);
}
}
foreach (var httpListenerPrefix in _httpListener.Prefixes)
{
if (!HostedServiceOptions.HttpListenerPrefixes.Contains(httpListenerPrefix))
{
_httpListener.Prefixes.Remove(httpListenerPrefix);
}
}
if (!_httpListener.IsListening)
{
_httpListener.Start();
}
_httpListener.BeginGetContext(GetHttpListenerContext, null);
_logger.LogDebug("Worker HttpListener Is Listening.");
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
_logger.LogError(exception, "Worker HttpListener catching.");
}
finally
{
_logger.LogDebug("Worker HttpListener finally.");
}
}
获取 HTTP 协议侦听器上下文。
/// <summary>
/// 获取 HTTP 协议侦听器上下文
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ar"></param>
private void GetHttpListenerContext(IAsyncResult ar)
{
//继续异步监听
_httpListener.BeginGetContext(GetHttpListenerContext, null);
var id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N");
_logger.LogDebug($"HttpListener recieve a request - {id}.");
//获得context对象
var context = _httpListener.EndGetContext(ar);
var request = context.Request;
var response = context.Response;
if (request.Url != null)
{
_logger.LogDebug($"HttpListener request url - {request.Url.AbsoluteUri}");
}
如果是js的ajax请求，还可以设置跨域的ip地址与参数
//context.Response.AppendHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*"); //后台跨域请求，通常设置为配置文件
//context.Response.AppendHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "ID,PW"); //后台跨域参数设置，通常设置为配置文件
//context.Response.AppendHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Method", "post"); //后台跨域请求设置，通常设置为配置文件
context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain;charset=UTF-8"; //返回纯文本格式，编码为UTF-8
context.Response.AddHeader("Content-type", "text/plain"); //添加响应头信息
context.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
if (request.HttpMethod == "GET")
{
//处理客户端发送的GET请求并返回处理信息
HttpListenerGetRequest(request, response);
}
else if (request.HttpMethod == "POST")
{
//处理客户端发送的POST请求并返回处理信息
HttpListenerPostRequest(request, response);
}
_logger.LogDebug($"HttpListener return a response - {id}.");
}
处理GET请求和POST请求。
/// <summary>
/// GET请求
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request"></param>
/// <param name="response"></param>
private void HttpListenerGetRequest(HttpListenerRequest request, HttpListenerResponse response)
{
try
{
if (request.Url != null && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(request.Url.AbsolutePath))
{
//注意地址的匹配全部转换成了小写
if (request.Url.AbsolutePath.ToLower().StartsWith("/logs"))
{
//TODO: output logs
}
else if (request.Url.AbsolutePath.ToLower().StartsWith("/api"))
{
switch (request.Url.AbsolutePath.ToLower())
{
default:
response.StatusCode = 404;
response.OutputStream.Close();
return;
case "/api/gethelloworld":
response.StatusCode = 200;
response.OutputStream.Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello world!"));
response.OutputStream.Close();
break;
}
return;
}
else
{
//文件资源请求
var filePath = request.Url.AbsolutePath.ToLower();
filePath = "dist" + filePath;
filePath = !request.Url.AbsolutePath.Contains(".") ? filePath + "/index.html" : filePath;
filePath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + filePath.Replace("/", Path.DirectorySeparatorChar.ToString());
if (File.Exists(filePath))
{
response.StatusCode = 200;
var extension = Path.GetExtension(filePath);
switch (extension)
{
default:
response.ContentType = "";
break;
case ".html":
case ".htm":
response.ContentType = "text/html;charset=utf-8";
break;
case ".js":
response.ContentType = "application/javascript;charset=utf-8";
break;
case ".css":
response.ContentType = "text/css;charset=utf-8";
break;
case ".png":
response.ContentType = "image/png";
break;
case ".jpg":
response.ContentType = "image/jpeg";
break;
case ".gif":
response.ContentType = "image/gif";
break;
case ".svg":
response.ContentType = "image/svg+xml";
break;
case ".swf":
response.ContentType = "application/x-shockwave-flash";
break;
}
var fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);
var fileStreamLength = (int)fileStream.Length;
var buffer = new byte[fileStreamLength];
fileStream.Read(buffer, 0, fileStreamLength);
fileStream.Close();
fileStream.Dispose();
response.ContentLength64 = fileStreamLength;
response.OutputStream.Write(buffer, 0, fileStreamLength);
response.OutputStream.Close();
return;
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
response.StatusCode = 500;
_logger.LogError(exception, "HttpListener response error.");
response.OutputStream.Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Internal Server Error."));
response.OutputStream.Close();
return;
}
response.StatusCode = 404;
response.OutputStream.Close();
}
/// <summary>
/// POST请求
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request"></param>
/// <param name="response"></param>
private void HttpListenerPostRequest(HttpListenerRequest request, HttpListenerResponse response)
{
try
{
if (request.Url != null && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(request.Url.AbsolutePath))
{
//注意地址的匹配全部转换成了小写
if (request.Url.AbsolutePath.ToLower().StartsWith("/api"))
{
switch (request.Url.AbsolutePath.ToLower())
{
default:
response.StatusCode = 404;
response.OutputStream.Close();
return;
}
return;
}
}
response.StatusCode = 404;
response.OutputStream.Close();
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
response.StatusCode = 500;
_logger.LogError(exception, "HttpListener response error.");
response.OutputStream.Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Internal Server Error."));
response.OutputStream.Close();
}
}
调用对外接口 /api/gethelloworld
浏览器访问接口 http://localhost:51515/api/gethelloworld 。
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