Android游戏开发–测量FPS

在上一篇文章中，我们创建了一个以恒定速度和恒定（或多或少）FPS运行的游戏循环。

我们如何衡量呢？

检查新的MainThread.java类。

package net.obviam.droidz;

import java.text.DecimalFormat;

import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;

/**
 * @author impaler
 *
 * The Main thread which contains the game loop. The thread must have access to
 * the surface view and holder to trigger events every game tick.
 */
public class MainThread extends Thread {

	private static final String TAG = MainThread.class.getSimpleName();

	// desired fps
	private final static int 	MAX_FPS = 50;
	// maximum number of frames to be skipped
	private final static int	MAX_FRAME_SKIPS = 5;
	// the frame period
	private final static int	FRAME_PERIOD = 1000 / MAX_FPS;

	// Stuff for stats */
    private DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.##");  // 2 dp
	// we'll be reading the stats every second
	private final static int 	STAT_INTERVAL = 1000; //ms
	// the average will be calculated by storing
	// the last n FPSs
	private final static int	FPS_HISTORY_NR = 10;
	// last time the status was stored
	private long lastStatusStore = 0;
	// the status time counter
	private long statusIntervalTimer	= 0l;
	// number of frames skipped since the game started
	private long totalFramesSkipped			= 0l;
	// number of frames skipped in a store cycle (1 sec)
	private long framesSkippedPerStatCycle 	= 0l;

	// number of rendered frames in an interval
	private int frameCountPerStatCycle = 0;
	private long totalFrameCount = 0l;
	// the last FPS values
	private double 	fpsStore[];
	// the number of times the stat has been read
	private long 	statsCount = 0;
	// the average FPS since the game started
	private double 	averageFps = 0.0;

	// Surface holder that can access the physical surface
	private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder;
	// The actual view that handles inputs
	// and draws to the surface
	private MainGamePanel gamePanel;

	// flag to hold game state
	private boolean running;
	public void setRunning(boolean running) {
		this.running = running;
	}

	public MainThread(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder, MainGamePanel gamePanel) {
		super();
		this.surfaceHolder = surfaceHolder;
		this.gamePanel = gamePanel;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		Canvas canvas;
		Log.d(TAG, "Starting game loop");
		// initialise timing elements for stat gathering
		initTimingElements();

		long beginTime;		// the time when the cycle begun
		long timeDiff;		// the time it took for the cycle to execute
		int sleepTime;		// ms to sleep (<0 if we're behind)
		int framesSkipped;	// number of frames being skipped 

		sleepTime = 0;

		while (running) {
			canvas = null;
			// try locking the canvas for exclusive pixel editing
			// in the surface
			try {
				canvas = this.surfaceHolder.lockCanvas();
				synchronized (surfaceHolder) {
					beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
					framesSkipped = 0;	// resetting the frames skipped
					// update game state
					this.gamePanel.update();
					// render state to the screen
					// draws the canvas on the panel
					this.gamePanel.render(canvas);
					// calculate how long did the cycle take
					timeDiff = System.currentTimeMillis() - beginTime;
					// calculate sleep time
					sleepTime = (int)(FRAME_PERIOD - timeDiff);

					if (sleepTime > 0) {
						// if sleepTime > 0 we're OK
						try {
							// send the thread to sleep for a short period
							// very useful for battery saving
							Thread.sleep(sleepTime);
						} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
					}

					while (sleepTime < 0 && framesSkipped < MAX_FRAME_SKIPS) {
						// we need to catch up
						this.gamePanel.update(); // update without rendering
						sleepTime += FRAME_PERIOD;	// add frame period to check if in next frame
						framesSkipped++;
					}

					if (framesSkipped > 0) {
						Log.d(TAG, "Skipped:" + framesSkipped);
					}
					// for statistics
					framesSkippedPerStatCycle += framesSkipped;
					// calling the routine to store the gathered statistics
					storeStats();
				}
			} finally {
				// in case of an exception the surface is not left in
				// an inconsistent state
				if (canvas != null) {
					surfaceHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
				}
			}	// end finally
		}
	}

	/**
	 * The statistics - it is called every cycle, it checks if time since last
	 * store is greater than the statistics gathering period (1 sec) and if so
	 * it calculates the FPS for the last period and stores it.
	 *
	 *  It tracks the number of frames per period. The number of frames since
	 *  the start of the period are summed up and the calculation takes part
	 *  only if the next period and the frame count is reset to 0.
	 */
	private void storeStats() {
		frameCountPerStatCycle++;
		totalFrameCount++;

		// check the actual time
		statusIntervalTimer += (System.currentTimeMillis() - statusIntervalTimer);

		if (statusIntervalTimer >= lastStatusStore + STAT_INTERVAL) {
			// calculate the actual frames pers status check interval
			double actualFps = (double)(frameCountPerStatCycle / (STAT_INTERVAL / 1000));

			//stores the latest fps in the array
			fpsStore[(int) statsCount % FPS_HISTORY_NR] = actualFps;

			// increase the number of times statistics was calculated
			statsCount++;

			double totalFps = 0.0;
			// sum up the stored fps values
			for (int i = 0; i < FPS_HISTORY_NR; i++) {
				totalFps += fpsStore[i];
			}

			// obtain the average
			if (statsCount < FPS_HISTORY_NR) {
				// in case of the first 10 triggers
				averageFps = totalFps / statsCount;
			} else {
				averageFps = totalFps / FPS_HISTORY_NR;
			}
			// saving the number of total frames skipped
			totalFramesSkipped += framesSkippedPerStatCycle;
			// resetting the counters after a status record (1 sec)
			framesSkippedPerStatCycle = 0;
			statusIntervalTimer = 0;
			frameCountPerStatCycle = 0;

			statusIntervalTimer = System.currentTimeMillis();
			lastStatusStore = statusIntervalTimer;
//			Log.d(TAG, "Average FPS:" + df.format(averageFps));
			gamePanel.setAvgFps("FPS: " + df.format(averageFps));
		}
	}

	private void initTimingElements() {
		// initialise timing elements
		fpsStore = new double[FPS_HISTORY_NR];
		for (int i = 0; i < FPS_HISTORY_NR; i++) {
			fpsStore[i] = 0.0;
		}
		Log.d(TAG + ".initTimingElements()", "Timing elements for stats initialised");
	}

}

我介绍了一个简单的测量功能。 我每秒计算帧数，并将它们存储在fpsStore []数组中。 storeStats（）会在每个滴答时调用，如果未达到1秒间隔（ STAT_INTERVAL = 1000; ），则只需将帧数添加到现有计数中。
如果命中一秒，则它将获取渲染帧的数量并将其添加到FPS数组中。 之后，我只需要重置当前统计周期的计数器，然后将结果添加到全局计数器即可。 平均值是根据最近10秒钟存储的值计算得出的。 第171行每秒记录一次FPS，而第172行则设置要在屏幕上显示的gamePanel实例的avgFps值。

MainGamePanel.java类的render方法包含displayFps调用，该调用仅在每次渲染状态时将文本绘制到显示器的右上角。 它还具有从线程设置的私有成员。

// the fps to be displayed
private String avgFps;
public void setAvgFps(String avgFps) {
	this.avgFps = avgFps;
}

public void render(Canvas canvas) {
	canvas.drawColor(Color.BLACK);
	droid.draw(canvas);
	// display fps
	displayFps(canvas, avgFps);
}

private void displayFps(Canvas canvas, String fps) {
	if (canvas != null && fps != null) {
		Paint paint = new Paint();
		paint.setARGB(255, 255, 255, 255);
		canvas.drawText(fps, this.getWidth() - 50, 20, paint);
	}
}

尝试运行它。 您应该在右上角显示FPS。

显示的FPS

参考：来自“ 反对谷物 ”博客的JCG合作伙伴Tamas Jano 测量FPS 。

不要忘记查看我们的新Android游戏 ArkDroid （以下屏幕截图） 。 您的反馈将大有帮助！

相关文章：

• Android游戏开发教程简介
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• Android游戏开发–创建项目
• Android游戏开发–基本游戏架构
• Android游戏开发–基本游戏循环
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• Android游戏开发–游戏循环
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• Android游戏开发–使用OpenGL ES显示图形元素（原语）
• Android游戏开发– OpenGL纹理映射
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• Android游戏文章系列

翻译自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2011/07/android-game-development-measuring-fps.html