Numpy矩阵基础

1、矩阵的与操作

import numpy
vector = numpy.array([5,10,15,20])
equal_to_ten_and_five = (vector == 10)&(vector == 5)
print (equal_to_ten_and_five)

结果

[False False False False]

2、矩阵的或操作

vector = numpy.array([5,10,15,20])
equal_to_ten_and_five = (vector == 10)|(vector == 5)
print (equal_to_ten_and_five)

结果

[ True  True False False]

3、矩阵的赋值操作

vector = numpy.array([5,10,15,20])
equal_to_ten_and_five = (vector == 10)|(vector == 5)
vector[equal_to_ten_and_five] = 50
print (vector)

结果

[50 50 15 20]

4、矩阵的判断、赋值操作

matrix = numpy.array([
    [5,10,15],
    [20,25,30],
    [35,40,45]
    ])
second_column_25 = matrix[:,1] ==25
print (second_column_25)
matrix[second_column_25,1] = 10
print (matrix)

结果

[False  True False]
[[ 5 10 15]
 [20 10 30]
 [35 40 45]]

5、矩阵的类型改变

vector= numpy.array(["1","2","3"])
print (vector.dtype)
print (vector)
vector = vector.astype(float)
print (vector.dtype)
print (vector)

结果

<U1
['1' '2' '3']
float64
[1. 2. 3.]

6、求最小值

vector = numpy.array([5,10,15,20])
print (vector.min())
print (help(numpy.array))

结果

5
Help on built-in function array in module numpy.core.multiarray:

array(...)
    array(object, dtype=None, copy=True, order='K', subok=False, ndmin=0)
    
    Create an array.
    
    Parameters
    ----------
    object : array_like
        An array, any object exposing the array interface, an object whose
        __array__ method returns an array, or any (nested) sequence.
    dtype : data-type, optional
        The desired data-type for the array.  If not given, then the type will
        be determined as the minimum type required to hold the objects in the
        sequence.  This argument can only be used to 'upcast' the array.  For
        downcasting, use the .astype(t) method.
    copy : bool, optional
        If true (default), then the object is copied.  Otherwise, a copy will
        only be made if __array__ returns a copy, if obj is a nested sequence,
        or if a copy is needed to satisfy any of the other requirements
        (`dtype`, `order`, etc.).
    order : {'K', 'A', 'C', 'F'}, optional
        Specify the memory layout of the array. If object is not an array, the
        newly created array will be in C order (row major) unless 'F' is
        specified, in which case it will be in Fortran order (column major).
        If object is an array the following holds.
    
        ===== ========= ===================================================
        order  no copy                     copy=True
        ===== ========= ===================================================
        'K'   unchanged F & C order preserved, otherwise most similar order
        'A'   unchanged F order if input is F and not C, otherwise C order
        'C'   C order   C order
        'F'   F order   F order
        ===== ========= ===================================================
    
        When ``copy=False`` and a copy is made for other reasons, the result is
        the same as if ``copy=True``, with some exceptions for `A`, see the
        Notes section. The default order is 'K'.
    subok : bool, optional
        If True, then sub-classes will be passed-through, otherwise
        the returned array will be forced to be a base-class array (default).
    ndmin : int, optional
        Specifies the minimum number of dimensions that the resulting
        array should have.  Ones will be pre-pended to the shape as
        needed to meet this requirement.
    
    Returns
    -------
    out : ndarray
        An array object satisfying the specified requirements.
    
    See Also
    --------
    empty_like : Return an empty array with shape and type of input.
    ones_like : Return an array of ones with shape and type of input.
    zeros_like : Return an array of zeros with shape and type of input.
    full_like : Return a new array with shape of input filled with value.
    empty : Return a new uninitialized array.
    ones : Return a new array setting values to one.
    zeros : Return a new array setting values to zero.
    full : Return a new array of given shape filled with value.
    
    
    Notes
    -----
    When order is 'A' and `object` is an array in neither 'C' nor 'F' order,
    and a copy is forced by a change in dtype, then the order of the result is
    not necessarily 'C' as expected. This is likely a bug.
    
    Examples
    --------
    >>> np.array([1, 2, 3])
    array([1, 2, 3])
    
    Upcasting:
    
    >>> np.array([1, 2, 3.0])
    array([ 1.,  2.,  3.])
    
    More than one dimension:
    
    >>> np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
    array([[1, 2],
           [3, 4]])
    
    Minimum dimensions 2:
    
    >>> np.array([1, 2, 3], ndmin=2)
    array([[1, 2, 3]])
    
    Type provided:
    
    >>> np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=complex)
    array([ 1.+0.j,  2.+0.j,  3.+0.j])
    
    Data-type consisting of more than one element:
    
    >>> x = np.array([(1,2),(3,4)],dtype=[('a','<i4'),('b','<i4')])
    >>> x['a']
    array([1, 3])
    
    Creating an array from sub-classes:
    
    >>> np.array(np.mat('1 2; 3 4'))
    array([[1, 2],
           [3, 4]])
    
    >>> np.array(np.mat('1 2; 3 4'), subok=True)
    matrix([[1, 2],
            [3, 4]])

None

7、矩阵行求和

matrix = numpy.array([
    [5,10,15],
    [20,25,30],
    [35,40,45]
])
matrix.sum(axis = 1)

结果

array([ 30,  75, 120])

8、矩阵列求和

matrix = numpy.array([
    [5,10,15],
    [20,25,30],
    [35,40,45]
])
matrix.sum(axis = 0)

结果

array([60, 75, 90])