Numpy常用函数

1、arange和reshape函数

import numpy as np
print (np.arange(15))
a = np.arange(15).reshape(3,5)
a

结果

[ 0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14]
Out[16]:
array([[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4],
       [ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
       [10, 11, 12, 13, 14]])

 2、打印行列函数

a.shape

结果

(3, 5)

3、打印维度函数

a.ndim

结果

2

4、打印类型名称

a.dtype.name

结果

'int32'

5、初始化一个矩阵，并且让矩阵初始值都为零

np.zeros((3,4))

结果

array([[0., 0., 0., 0.],
       [0., 0., 0., 0.],
       [0., 0., 0., 0.]])

6、初始化一个矩阵，并且让矩阵初始值都为1

np.ones((2,3,4),dtype = np.int32)

结果

array([[[1, 1, 1, 1],
        [1, 1, 1, 1],
        [1, 1, 1, 1]],

       [[1, 1, 1, 1],
        [1, 1, 1, 1],
        [1, 1, 1, 1]]])

7、初始化一个矩阵序列

np.arange(10,30,5)

结果

array([10, 15, 20, 25])

8、初始化一个矩阵浮点序列

np.arange(0,2,0.3)

结果

array([0. , 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8])

9、初始化一个矩阵

np.arange(12).reshape(4,3)

结果

array([[ 0,  1,  2],
       [ 3,  4,  5],
       [ 6,  7,  8],
       [ 9, 10, 11]])

10、产生一个随机矩阵

np.random.random((2,3))

结果

array([[0.29251819, 0.52059918, 0.78852698],
       [0.56121204, 0.22899094, 0.30405335]])

11、产生从0到2*pi的矩阵

from numpy import pi
np.linspace(0,2*pi,100)

结果

array([0.        , 0.06346652, 0.12693304, 0.19039955, 0.25386607,
       0.31733259, 0.38079911, 0.44426563, 0.50773215, 0.57119866,
       0.63466518, 0.6981317 , 0.76159822, 0.82506474, 0.88853126,
       0.95199777, 1.01546429, 1.07893081, 1.14239733, 1.20586385,
       1.26933037, 1.33279688, 1.3962634 , 1.45972992, 1.52319644,
       1.58666296, 1.65012947, 1.71359599, 1.77706251, 1.84052903,
       1.90399555, 1.96746207, 2.03092858, 2.0943951 , 2.15786162,
       2.22132814, 2.28479466, 2.34826118, 2.41172769, 2.47519421,
       2.53866073, 2.60212725, 2.66559377, 2.72906028, 2.7925268 ,
       2.85599332, 2.91945984, 2.98292636, 3.04639288, 3.10985939,
       3.17332591, 3.23679243, 3.30025895, 3.36372547, 3.42719199,
       3.4906585 , 3.55412502, 3.61759154, 3.68105806, 3.74452458,
       3.8079911 , 3.87145761, 3.93492413, 3.99839065, 4.06185717,
       4.12532369, 4.1887902 , 4.25225672, 4.31572324, 4.37918976,
       4.44265628, 4.5061228 , 4.56958931, 4.63305583, 4.69652235,
       4.75998887, 4.82345539, 4.88692191, 4.95038842, 5.01385494,
       5.07732146, 5.14078798, 5.2042545 , 5.26772102, 5.33118753,
       5.39465405, 5.45812057, 5.52158709, 5.58505361, 5.64852012,
       5.71198664, 5.77545316, 5.83891968, 5.9023862 , 5.96585272,
       6.02931923, 6.09278575, 6.15625227, 6.21971879, 6.28318531])

12、矩阵相减

a = np.array([20,30,40,50])
b = np.arange(4)
print (a)
print (b)
c= a- b
print (c)
b**2
print (b**2)
print (a<35)

结果

[20 30 40 50]
[0 1 2 3]
[20 29 38 47]
[0 1 4 9]
[ True  True False False]

13、矩阵dot

A = np.array([[1,1],[0,1]])
B = np.array([[2,0],[3,4]])
print (A)
print ('-----------------')
print (B)
print ('-----------------')
print (A*B)
print ('-----------------')
print (A.dot(B))
print ('-----------------')
print (np.dot(A,B))

结果

[[1 1]
 [0 1]]
-----------------
[[2 0]
 [3 4]]
-----------------
[[2 0]
 [0 4]]
-----------------
[[5 4]
 [3 4]]
-----------------
[[5 4]
 [3 4]]