我们在集成Spring和struts的时候,往往习惯于使用spring提供的ActionSupport,然后使用getWebApplicationContext()方法获得spring的bean,这样固然方便,但有一个弊端,就是我们的struts action依赖了spring的api,增加了耦合,现在什么都流行高内聚,低耦合,spring为我们提供了代理的Struts action,这样,我们在struts-config.xml不再为path设置真正的action,而是设计spring的代理Action,然后由spring的代理action,去寻找在spring bean 容器中的真正的action,这样,我们的action是一个完全没有依赖于spring的action ,具体实现请看以下代码:
Action:
* Generated by MyEclipse Struts
* Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
*/
package action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import Service.StudentService;
public class ListStudentActionAction extends Action ... {
private StudentService studentService;
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) ...{
System.out.println(this.studentService.getStudent().getName()+"--"+this.studentService.getStudent().getSex());
return null;
}
//通过spring注入service
public void setStudentService(StudentService studentService) ...{
this.studentService = studentService;
}
}
Service:
import Model.Student;
public class StudentService {
public Student getStudent(){
return new Student("name","sex");
}
}
applicationContext.xml
配置真正的strutsAction,并把service类注入
< beans
xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd" >
< bean name ="/listStudentAction" class ="action.ListStudentActionAction" >
< property name ="studentService" >
< bean class ="Service.StudentService" />
</ property >
</ bean >
</ beans >
struts-config.xml
<! DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd" >
< struts-config >
< data-sources />
< form-beans />
< global-exceptions />
< global-forwards />
< action-mappings >
<!-- 不再真正的action,而注册spring的代理action
<action path="/listStudentAction" type="action.ListStudentActionAction" />
-->
< action path ="/listStudentAction" type ="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" />
</ action-mappings >
< message-resources parameter ="ApplicationResources" />
< plug-in className ="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn" >
< set-property property ="contextConfigLocation"
value ="/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext-service.xml" />
</ plug-in >
</ struts-config >
需要说明的是,由于spring dtd规定id不能有"/",所以我们用name定义path,并且,spring bean的name要和struts-config.xml中的path一致
使用DelegatingActionProxy的好处就在于你可以用不用任何spring特定的类编写Struts Action,这个方法也有不足之处,就是不太直观,因为所有路径都映射到同一个类了
对于这种情况,spring也有解决方法,就是使用请求委托
首先,为struts-config.xml增加controller
< controller processorClass ="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor" >
</ controller >
然后,修改我们的path定义位 <action path="/listStudentAction" type="action.ListStudentActionAction"/>
这样,又和我们单独使用struts的时候一样了,但内部还是让spring取代理我们的真正的action
需要说明的是,这里的type其实是个摆设,完全可以使用 <action path="/listStudentAction"/>,写上是为了解决我们上面提到的“不够直观的”的问题