所谓批量加载,即把原本要发送的SQL分批统一发送,比如说原本要发送100条SQL,如果设置batch-size=3,则只需要发送100/3+1=34条,可以提高效率
批量加载分为延迟加载和立即加载,先说立即加在
首先建立测试数据库
CREATE TABLE certificate (
id varchar ( 100 ) NOT NULL default '' ,
description varchar ( 100 ) default '' ,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
CREATE TABLE student (
team_id varchar ( 100 ) default '' ,
id varchar ( 100 ) NOT NULL default '' ,
name varchar ( 20 ) default '' ,
cardId varchar ( 20 ) NOT NULL default '' ,
age int ( 11 ) default ' 0 ' ,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
CREATE TABLE team (
id varchar ( 100 ) NOT NULL default '' ,
teamName varchar ( 100 ) default '' ,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
INSERT INTO student VALUES
( ' 5 ' , ' 1 ' , ' spark ' , ' 200211332 ' , 13 ),
( ' 4 ' , ' 2 ' , ' jerry ' , ' 200233332 ' , 23 ),
( ' 3 ' , ' 3 ' , ' adidas ' , ' 200231332 ' , 33 ),
( ' 2 ' , ' 4 ' , ' zhouxingchi ' , ' 200231132 ' , 43 ),
( ' 1 ' , ' 5 ' , ' tomclus ' , ' 200512345 ' , 53 ),
( ' 1 ' , ' 6 ' , ' tom ' , ' 200511345 ' , 63 );
INSERT INTO team VALUES
( ' 5 ' , ' team5 ' ),
( ' 4 ' , ' team4 ' ),
( ' 3 ' , ' team3 ' ),
( ' 2 ' , ' team2 ' ),
( ' 1 ' , ' team1 ' );
INSERT INTO certificate VALUES
( ' 1 ' , ' card1 ' ),
( ' 2 ' , ' card2 ' ),
( ' 3 ' , ' card3 ' ),
( ' 4 ' , ' card4 ' ),
( ' 5 ' , ' card5 ' ),
( ' 6 ' , ' card6 ' );
建立POJO对象
public class Certificate ......... ... {
private String id;
private String description;
private Student stu;
public Student getStu() ............{
return stu;
}
public void setStu(Student stu) ............{
this.stu = stu;
}
public String getDescription() ............{
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) ............{
this.description = description;
}
public String getId() ............{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) ............{
this.id = id;
}
}
package Search.immediately;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class Team ......... ... {
private String id;
private Set students=new HashSet();
private String teamName;
private Set tests;
public Set getTests() ............{
return tests;
}
public void setTests(Set tests) ............{
this.tests = tests;
}
public String getId() ............{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) ............{
this.id = id;
}
public String getTeamName() ............{
return teamName;
}
public void setTeamName(String name) ............{
this.teamName = name;
}
public Set getStudents() ............{
return students;
}
public void setStudents(Set students) ............{
this.students = students;
}
}
package Search.immediately;
public class Certificate ......... ... {
private String id;
private String description;
private Student stu;
public Student getStu() ............{
return stu;
}
public void setStu(Student stu) ............{
this.stu = stu;
}
public String getDescription() ............{
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) ............{
this.description = description;
}
public String getId() ............{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) ............{
this.id = id;
}
}
HBM文件
student.hbm.xml
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping package ="Search.batch.immediately" >
< class name ="Student" table ="student" lazy ="false" >
< id name ="id" column ="id" unsaved-value ="null" >
< generator class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="cardId" column ="cardId" ></ property >
< property name ="name" column ="name" ></ property >
< property name ="age" column ="age" ></ property >
<!-- 为了设置student-certificate的延迟1对1,设置class的lazy="no-proxy" -->
< one-to-one name ="cer"
class ="Search.batch.immediately.Certificate"
constrained ="true"
lazy ="no-proxy"
outer-join ="false"
cascade ="all" >
</ one-to-one >
< many-to-one name ="team"
column ="team_id"
outer-join ="false"
class ="Search.batch.immediately.Team" ></ many-to-one >
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
Certificate.hbm.xml
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping package ="Search.batch.immediately" >
<!-- 为了设置student-certificate的延迟1对1,设置class的lazy="true" -->
< class name ="Certificate" table ="certificate" lazy ="true" >
< id name ="id" column ="id" >
< generator class ="foreign" >
< param name ="property" > stu </ param >
</ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="description" column ="description" ></ property >
< one-to-one name ="stu"
class ="Search.batch.immediately.Student"
outer-join ="false"
constrained ="true" >
</ one-to-one >
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
Team.hbm.xml
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping package ="Search.batch.immediately" >
< class name ="Team" table ="team" lazy ="false" >
< id name ="id" column ="id" >
< generator class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="teamName" column ="teamName" ></ property >
<!-- 需要批量加载,设置batch-size="2" -->
< set name ="students"
lazy ="false"
inverse ="true"
outer-join ="false"
>
< key column ="team_id" ></ key >
< one-to-many class ="Search.batch.immediately.Student" />
</ set >
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
测试代码:
import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class Test ... {
public static void main(String[] args) ...{
Team team=null;
String filePath=System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"src/Search/batch/immediately"+File.separator+"hibernate.cfg.xml";
File file=new File(filePath);
SessionFactory sessionFactory=new Configuration().configure(file).buildSessionFactory();
Session session=sessionFactory.openSession();
Query query=session.createQuery("from Team t");
List resultList=query.list();
}
运行,结果如下:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id2_, team0_.teamName as teamName2_ from team team0_
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
有5条查询student的SQL(本身有6个学生,但有两个学生属于一个team)
可以看到,这是典型的立即加在,取得team对象后,把team所包含的student取出,如果有100个学生,则会执行100个SQL,这是很没有效率的
我们修改Team的hbm文件,为其配置批量加载student的配置(1对多在set标签上配置,多对1在class标签上配置)
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping package ="Search.batch.immediately" >
< class name ="Team" table ="team" lazy ="false" >
< id name ="id" column ="id" >
< generator class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="teamName" column ="teamName" ></ property >
<!-- 需要批量加载,设置batch-size="2" -->
< set name ="students"
lazy ="false"
inverse ="true"
outer-join ="false"
batch-size ="2"
>
< key column ="team_id" ></ key >
< one-to-many class ="Search.batch.immediately.Student" />
</ set >
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
再次运行测试程序,结果如下:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id2_, team0_.teamName as teamName2_ from team team0_
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id in (?, ?)
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_,
students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id in (?, ?)
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
可以看到,查询student只用了3条SQL(5/batch-size+1=3),
如果team对student是延迟加载的,会使什么效果呢,会是这样,我们加载team1时候,由于batch-size=2,所以加载team1就同时批量加载了team2,同理,加载team3时候也就加载了team4,最后再加载team5, 而这些数据都已经在hibernate session的缓存中了
修改team.hbm.xml 配置好lazy="true"
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping package ="Search.batch.immediately" >
< class name ="Team" table ="team" lazy ="false" >
< id name ="id" column ="id" >
< generator class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="teamName" column ="teamName" ></ property >
<!-- 需要批量加载,设置batch-size="2" -->
< set name ="students"
lazy ="true"
inverse ="true"
outer-join ="false"
batch-size ="2"
>
< key column ="team_id" ></ key >
< one-to-many class ="Search.batch.immediately.Student" />
</ set >
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
运行测试程序,结果如下:
Hibernate: select team0_.id as id2_, team0_.teamName as teamName2_ from team team0_
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id in (?, ?)
team1:2
team2:1
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id in (?, ?)
team3:1
team4:1
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_1_, students0_.id as id1_, students0_.id as id1_0_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_0_, students0_.name as name1_0_, students0_.age as age1_0_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_0_ from student students0_ where students0_.team_id=?
team5:1
其中可以砍到team2和team4的数据是批量加载来的,已经保存在缓存中,所以读取其students集合对象是,虽然是延迟加载,但不再会去发送SQ查询,而是再缓冲中查询