Python_字典

1. 字典操作

# _*_ coding:utf8 _*_

# 简单的一个字典  是一系列的简单键值对
alien_0 = {'color': 'red', 'count': 1}
print(alien_0['color'])
print(alien_0['count'])
print(alien_0)

# 添加键值对
alien_0['name'] = 'zhangqi'
alien_0['age'] = 154
print(alien_0)

# 创建一个空字典
alien_1 = {}
alien_1['name'] = 'liqi'
alien_1['age'] = 12
print(alien_1)

# 通过建来修改值
alien_1['name'] = 'hehe'
print(alien_1)

# 删除键值对 是通过键来删除值删除的键值对会永远的消失
print(alien_0)
del alien_0['name']
print(alien_0)

# 由类似对象组成的字典
person = {
    'name': 'zhangqi',
    'age': 12,
    'sex': 'man'
}

# 遍历键值对  键值对的返回顺序与存储顺序是不同的。
person = {
    'name': 'zhangqi',
    'age': 12,
    'sex': 'man'
}

for key, value in person.items():
    print("\nkey=" + key)
    print("value=" + str(value))

# 遍历字典中的键
person = {
    'name': 'zhangqi',
    'age': 12,
    'sex': 'man'
}

for key in person.keys():
    print("\nkey=" + key)
# 遍历字典时，会默认遍历字典中的键 所以见下面的代码

for key in person:
    print('\nkey=' + key)

# 遍历字典中的值
person = {
    'name': 'zhangqi',
    'age': 12,
    'sex': 'man'
}
for value in person.values():
    print('\nvalue=' + str(value))

friend = {'name': 'zhangqi', 'zhangjian': 'zhangjian', 'zhangqi': 'zhangqi'}

for key in person.keys():
    print('\n key=' + key + '\n')
    if key in friend:
        print('my best friend is ' + str(friend[key]))
# 按顺序遍历字典中的键

student = {
    'name1': 'zhangqi',
    'zhangqi': 'zhangqi',
    'sex': 'man',
    'age': '14'
}

# 正序排列

for key in sorted(student.keys()):
    print('key=' + key)

# 逆序排列
for key in sorted(student.keys(), reverse=True):
    print('key=' + key)

# 遍历值 set() 提取列表中不重复的值
language = {
    'zhangqi': 'Android',
    'zhanglu': 'Java',
    'zhangjian': 'C',
    'zhangyi': 'C++',
    'zhangna': 'Android'
}

for value in set(language.values()):
    print('value='+value)

2. 字典的存储

# _*_ coding:utf8 _*_
alien_0 = {'zhangqi': '22'}
alien_1 = {'zhangjian', '35'}
alien_2 = {'zhangqiang', '36'}

alien = [alien_0, alien_1, alien_2]
print(alien)

aliens = []
for alien_number in range(30):
    new_alien = {'name': 'zhangqi',
                 'age': '14'
                 }
    aliens.append(new_alien)

print(aliens)

# 打印前5个机器人
for alien in aliens[:5]:
    print(alien)

# 在字典中存储列表
pizza = {
    'crust': 'thick',
    'toppings': ['heiha', 'enheng']
}
print(pizza)

for value in pizza['toppings']:
    print(value)

# 字典中存储字典
users = {'aeinstein': {
    'first': 'albert', 'last': 'einstein', 'location': 'princeton', },
    'mcurie': {
        'first': 'marie', 'last': 'curie', 'location': 'paris', }
}
for username, user_info in users.items():
    print("\nUsername: " + username)
    full_name = user_info['first'] + " " + user_info['last']
    location = user_info['location']
print("\tFull name: " + full_name.title())
print("\tLocation: " + location.title())