mediun level Linux commands on netstat, SCP, >>, SSH, etc

1) SSH & netstat

C:\Users\51638>ssh -p 22 root@8.137.109.109

Welcome to Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service !

Updates Information Summary: available
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        30 Moderate Security notice(s)
         8 Low Security notice(s)
Run "dnf upgrade-minimal --security" to apply all updates.More details please refer to:
https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/416274.html
Last login: Wed Aug 14 14:04:06 2024 from 36.113.32.98
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# netstat -tuln
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5355            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:20048           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:38833           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:56379           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:2049            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:42915         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::5355                 :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::20048                :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::46519                :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::2049                 :::*                    LISTEN
tcp6       0      0 :::58695                :::*                    LISTEN
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:323           0.0.0.0:*
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:20048           0.0.0.0:*
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:659           0.0.0.0:*
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:57220           0.0.0.0:*
udp        0      0 127.0.0.53:53           0.0.0.0:*
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:44156           0.0.0.0:*
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5355            0.0.0.0:*
udp6       0      0 ::1:323                 :::*
udp6       0      0 :::20048                :::*
udp6       0      0 :::46721                :::*
udp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*
udp6       0      0 :::44225                :::*
udp6       0      0 :::5355                 :::*
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# netstat -tuln | grep :22
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ss -tuln | grep :22
tcp   LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22         0.0.0.0:*
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ss -tuln | grep "22"
udp   UNCONN 0      0            0.0.0.0:57220      0.0.0.0:*
udp   UNCONN 0      0               [::]:44225         [::]:*
tcp   LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22         0.0.0.0:*
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ss -tuln | grep 22"
>
> ;
> ^C
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ss -tuln | grep 22
udp   UNCONN 0      0            0.0.0.0:57220      0.0.0.0:*
udp   UNCONN 0      0               [::]:44225         [::]:*
tcp   LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22         0.0.0.0:*
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ss -tuln | grep "8080"
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ss -tuln | grep "80"
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ss -tuln | grep "2049"
tcp   LISTEN 0      64           0.0.0.0:2049       0.0.0.0:*
tcp   LISTEN 0      64              [::]:2049          [::]:*
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ls -al
total 68
dr-xr-x---.  7 root root 4096 Aug 14 15:06 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 4096 Aug 12 15:59 ..
-rw-------   1 root root 1449 Aug 14 15:09 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   18 May 18  2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 May 18  2020 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 May 18  2020 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root 4096 Aug 14 12:08 .cache
drwx------   3 root root 4096 Oct 11  2023 .config
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  100 May 18  2020 .cshrc
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  569 Aug 14 13:20 id_rsa.pub
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Oct 11  2023 .pip
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  206 Aug 12 15:59 .pydistutils.cfg
drwx------   3 root root 4096 Aug 14 15:06 .ssh
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  129 May 18  2020 .tcshrc
-rw-------   1 root root  796 Aug 14 15:06 .viminfo
drwxr-xr-x   5 root root 4096 Aug 14 13:30 .vscode-server
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  183 Aug 14 12:08 .wget-hsts
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# pwd
/root
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ls -al
total 68
dr-xr-x---.  7 root root 4096 Aug 14 15:06 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 4096 Aug 12 15:59 ..
-rw-------   1 root root 1449 Aug 14 15:09 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   18 May 18  2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 May 18  2020 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 May 18  2020 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root 4096 Aug 14 12:08 .cache
drwx------   3 root root 4096 Oct 11  2023 .config
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  100 May 18  2020 .cshrc
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  569 Aug 14 13:20 id_rsa.pub
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Oct 11  2023 .pip
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  206 Aug 12 15:59 .pydistutils.cfg
drwx------   3 root root 4096 Aug 14 15:06 .ssh
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  129 May 18  2020 .tcshrc
-rw-------   1 root root  796 Aug 14 15:06 .viminfo
drwxr-xr-x   5 root root 4096 Aug 14 13:30 .vscode-server
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  183 Aug 14 12:08 .wget-hsts
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# cd .ssh/
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# ls
14thAug2024  14thAug2024.txt  authorized_keys
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]#
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# pwd
/root/.ssh
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# ls -al
total 24
drwx------  3 root root 4096 Aug 14 15:26 .
dr-xr-x---. 7 root root 4096 Aug 14 15:06 ..
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Aug 14 15:04 14thAug2024
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   15 Aug 14 15:06 14thAug2024.txt
-rw-------  1 root root  569 Aug 14 13:27 authorized_keys
-rw-r--r--  1 root root   17 Aug 14 15:26 test1.txt
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# cat test1.txt
content for test1[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# vim test1.txt

[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# ls
14thAug2024  14thAug2024.txt  authorized_keys  test1.txt
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# ls
14thAug2024  14thAug2024.txt  authorized_keys  test1  test1.txt
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# cat test1/test1.txt
content for test1[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# cd test1/
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z test1]# ls -al
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 14 15:45 .
drwx------ 4 root root 4096 Aug 14 15:45 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   17 Aug 14 15:45 test1.txt
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z test1]# cat test1.txt
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z test1]#

2) SCP & SCP -r,

PS C:\Users\51638> ls


    Directory: C:\Users\51638


Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
d-----         6/27/2024   7:15 PM                .codeium
d-----          8/9/2024  10:59 AM                .minikube
da----         8/14/2024   3:17 PM                .ssh
d-----         5/17/2024   8:09 PM                .vscode
d-r---         5/17/2024   5:36 PM                Contacts
d-r---         8/14/2024   9:43 AM                Desktop
d-r---         7/18/2024   3:38 PM                Documents
dar---         8/14/2024  10:00 AM                Downloads
d-r---         5/17/2024   5:36 PM                Favorites
d-r---         5/17/2024   5:36 PM                Links
d-r---         5/18/2024  11:11 AM                Music
dar--l         6/22/2024   6:29 PM                OneDrive
d-r---         6/20/2024   5:34 PM                Pictures
d-----          6/5/2024   3:46 PM                Postman
d-r---         5/17/2024   5:36 PM                Saved Games
d-r---         7/18/2024   3:39 PM                Searches
d-r---          8/3/2024   1:50 PM                Videos
d-----          8/2/2024   3:53 PM                WeChatProjects
-a----         6/17/2024  10:21 AM              5 .bash_history
-a----          7/1/2024   8:15 AM            104 .gitconfig
-a----          8/1/2024   1:28 PM             20 .lesshst
-a----         6/16/2024   9:08 AM            297 2024-06-16-01-08-02.023-ABoxHeadless.exe-18672.log
-a----         5/18/2024  12:01 PM          17521 alter


PS C:\Users\51638> cd .\.ssh\
PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> scp .\test1.txt root@8.137.109.109:/root/.ssh
test1.txt                                                                             100%   17     0.1KB/s   00:00
PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> ls


    Directory: C:\Users\51638\.ssh


Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
-a----         8/14/2024  11:25 AM            154 config
-a----         8/14/2024  12:23 PM           3381 debian_rsa
-a----         8/14/2024  12:23 PM            741 debian_rsa.pub
-a----         5/18/2024   9:42 AM           2602 id_rsa
-a----         5/18/2024   9:42 AM            569 id_rsa.pub
-a----         8/14/2024  12:08 PM            932 known_hosts
-a----         8/14/2024  12:07 PM            188 known_hosts.old
-a----         8/14/2024   3:18 PM             17 test1.txt


PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> mkdir test1


    Directory: C:\Users\51638\.ssh


Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
d-----         8/14/2024   3:44 PM                test1


PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> ls


    Directory: C:\Users\51638\.ssh


Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
d-----         8/14/2024   3:44 PM                test1
-a----         8/14/2024  11:25 AM            154 config
-a----         8/14/2024  12:23 PM           3381 debian_rsa
-a----         8/14/2024  12:23 PM            741 debian_rsa.pub
-a----         5/18/2024   9:42 AM           2602 id_rsa
-a----         5/18/2024   9:42 AM            569 id_rsa.pub
-a----         8/14/2024  12:08 PM            932 known_hosts
-a----         8/14/2024  12:07 PM            188 known_hosts.old
-a----         8/14/2024   3:18 PM             17 test1.txt


PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> mv .\test1.txt .\test1\
PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> ls


    Directory: C:\Users\51638\.ssh


Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
d-----         8/14/2024   3:44 PM                test1
-a----         8/14/2024  11:25 AM            154 config
-a----         8/14/2024  12:23 PM           3381 debian_rsa
-a----         8/14/2024  12:23 PM            741 debian_rsa.pub
-a----         5/18/2024   9:42 AM           2602 id_rsa
-a----         5/18/2024   9:42 AM            569 id_rsa.pub
-a----         8/14/2024  12:08 PM            932 known_hosts
-a----         8/14/2024  12:07 PM            188 known_hosts.old


PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> cd .\test1\
PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh\test1> ls


    Directory: C:\Users\51638\.ssh\test1


Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
-a----         8/14/2024   3:18 PM             17 test1.txt


PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh\test1> cat .\test1.txt
content for test1
PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh\test1> cd ..
PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> ls


    Directory: C:\Users\51638\.ssh


Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
d-----         8/14/2024   3:44 PM                test1
-a----         8/14/2024  11:25 AM            154 config
-a----         8/14/2024  12:23 PM           3381 debian_rsa
-a----         8/14/2024  12:23 PM            741 debian_rsa.pub
-a----         5/18/2024   9:42 AM           2602 id_rsa
-a----         5/18/2024   9:42 AM            569 id_rsa.pub
-a----         8/14/2024  12:08 PM            932 known_hosts
-a----         8/14/2024  12:07 PM            188 known_hosts.old


PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> scp .\test1\ root@8.137.109.109:/root/.ssh
./test1: not a regular file
PS C:\Users\51638\.ssh> scp -r .\test1\ root@8.137.109.109:/root/.ssh
test1.txt                                                                             100%   17     0.1KB/s   00:00

PS : scp -r

The command scp -r is used in Linux to securely copy directories recursively from one location to another over SSH. The -r option stands for recursive, which means it will copy all files and subdirectories within the specified directory.

3) Linux distinguish letter of uppercase and lowercase;

4) >> : how to use it

[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# cat test2.txt
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# CD ..
-bash: CD: command not found
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z .ssh]# cd ..
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# ls -al
total 72
dr-xr-x---.  7 root root 4096 Aug 14 16:02 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 4096 Aug 12 15:59 ..
-rw-------   1 root root 1449 Aug 14 15:09 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   18 May 18  2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 May 18  2020 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 May 18  2020 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x   3 root root 4096 Aug 14 12:08 .cache
drwx------   3 root root 4096 Oct 11  2023 .config
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  100 May 18  2020 .cshrc
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  569 Aug 14 13:20 id_rsa.pub
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Oct 11  2023 .pip
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  206 Aug 12 15:59 .pydistutils.cfg
drwx------   4 root root 4096 Aug 14 16:03 .ssh
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  129 May 18  2020 .tcshrc
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   26 Aug 14 16:02 test1.txt
-rw-------   1 root root 1492 Aug 14 16:02 .viminfo
drwxr-xr-x   5 root root 4096 Aug 14 13:30 .vscode-server
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  183 Aug 14 12:08 .wget-hsts
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# cat test1.txt >> .ssh/test
test1/     test1.txt  test2.txt
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# cat test1.txt >> .ssh/test2.txt
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# cat test1.txt
edit and add some content
[root@iZ2vc5lqzt23aweti4j777Z ~]# cat .ssh/test2.txt
edit and add some content

##) the command on how to connnect Linux from powershell with password and key already defaulted.

ssh root@8.137.109.109
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