4 多线程应用：编写自己的线程安全包装器

      当不想库内的每个类都具有线程安全性（因为同步会带来性能的损失），时可以选择编写线程安全包装器。

      下面的例子告诉大家如何对一个对象做线程安全的设计。

     下面看看这个关系图：

                       
    

       BookLib类的思路，为BookLib类提供一种线程安全的访问(同步)。

       代码如下：

         1 集合类接口

          //IBookCollection Book集合接口 using System; using System.Collections; using System.Threading; using System.Text; namespace Bookslib { interface IBookCollection { void Clear(); void Add(Book n); Book GetBook(String ISBN); bool IsSynchronized{get;} object SyncRoot{get;} } }

       

        2 Book成员类

          using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace Bookslib { public class Book { public String Name; public String ISBN; public String Author; public String Publisher; } }  

 

        3  Booklib结合类实现：注意SyncRoot属性(在同步类中需要锁定她的哦)

            当类需要被同步时，可以调用方法Synchronzied来实现。

          using System; using System.Collections; using System.Text; using System.Threading; namespace Bookslib { class BookLib:IBookCollection { internal Hashtable bk = new Hashtable(10); #region IBookCollection 成员 public virtual void Clear() { this.bk.Clear(); } public virtual void Add(Book n) { Console.WriteLine("Add Book For ThreadID:" + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode()); Thread.Sleep(2000); bk.Add(n.ISBN, n); } public virtual Book GetBook(string ISBN) { Console.WriteLine("Add Book For ThreadID:" + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode()); return (Book)bk[ISBN]; } public virtual bool IsSynchronized { get { return(false); } } public virtual object SyncRoot { get { return (this); } } #endregion public BookLib Synchronized() { return Synchronzied(this); } public static BookLib Synchronzied(BookLib bc) { if (bc == null) { throw new ArgumentException("bc"); } if (bc.GetType() == typeof(SyncBookLib)) { throw new InvalidOperationException("BookLib Is already synchronized"); } return new SyncBookLib(bc); } public static IBookCollection Synchronized(IBookCollection acc) { if (acc == null) { throw new ArgumentException("acc"); } if (acc.GetType() == typeof(SyncBookLib)) { throw new InvalidOperationException("BookLib is already synchronized"); } return new SyncBookLib(acc); } } }

 

        4  SyncBookLib同步集合类(是非同步集合类的子类)

          using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace Bookslib { class SyncBookLib:BookLib { private object syncRoot; private object booklib; internal SyncBookLib(IBookCollection acc) { booklib = acc; syncRoot = acc.SyncRoot; } public override void Clear() { lock (syncRoot) { base.Clear(); } } public override void Add(Book n) { lock (syncRoot) { base.Add(n); } } public override Book GetBook(string ISBN) { lock (syncRoot) { return base.GetBook(ISBN); } } public override bool IsSynchronized { get { return true; } } public override object SyncRoot { get { return syncRoot; } } } }

 

       5 主程序调用

         using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Threading; namespace Bookslib { class Program { private static BookLib acc; private static int n = 0; static void Main(string[] args) { acc = new BookLib(); acc=acc.Synchronized(); Thread[] threads = { new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run)), new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run)), new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run)) }; foreach (Thread t in threads) { t.Start(); } foreach (Thread t in threads) { t.Join(); } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { Book bk = acc.GetBook(i.ToString()); if (bk != null) { Console.WriteLine("book:" + bk.Name); Console.WriteLine("ISBN:" + bk.ISBN); Console.WriteLine("Author:" + bk.Author); Console.WriteLine("Publisher:" + bk.Publisher); } } Console.WriteLine("Total Number of books added" + n); } static void Run() { for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { Book bk = new Book(); bk.Author = "Tejaswi Redkar"; bk.Name = "A" + i; bk.Publisher = "Wrox"; bk.ISBN = (n++).ToString(); acc.Add(bk); } } } }