Comparable与Comparator

场景引入

需要对用户这个对象进行按照身高进行排序

@Getter
@Setter
public class User{

    private Integer age; //年龄
    private Integer height; //身高
    private String username;
    
    public User(Integer age, Integer height, String username) {
        this.age = age;
        this.height = height;
        this.username = username;
    }
    
}

Comparable

让User类实现Comparable接口并重写compareTo方法

@Getter
@Setter
public class User implements Comparable{

    private Integer age; //年龄
    private Integer height; //身高
    private String username;

    public User(Integer age, Integer height, String username) {
        this.age = age;
        this.height = height;
        this.username = username;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "username:" + this.username + " age:" + this.age + " height:" + this.height;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Object o) {
        if (o instanceof User){
            User u = (User)o;
            return this.age.compareTo(u.getAge());
        }
        throw o == null ? new NullPointerException() : new ClassCastException();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TreeSet<User> set = new TreeSet();
        set.add(new User(3, 172,"jiejie"));
        set.add(new User(5, 180,"rose"));
        set.add(new User(1, 163,"bard"));
        set.add(new User(4, 155,"adc"));
        set.forEach(user->{
            System.out.println(user.toString());
        });
    }
} 

执行main方法可以看到输出结果是按照age字段排序的，因为TreeSet具有排序功能，当然也可以用Collections.sort()等方法对集合进行排序，前提是这个集合所存储的对象具有排序功能

Comparator

现在要求对User的身高进行排序，按照刚刚Comparable的用法就只能去修改User类的代码，这样做是非常不推荐的，因此引入了Comparator比较器

public class UserHeightComparator implements Comparator<User> {
    @Override
    public int compare(User o1, User o2) {
        return o1.getHeight().compareTo(o2.getHeight());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
        users.add(new User(3, 172,"jiejie"));
        users.add(new User(5, 180,"rose"));
        users.add(new User(1, 163,"bard"));
        users.add(new User(4, 155,"adc"));
        Collections.sort(users,new UserHeightComparator());
        users.forEach(user->{
            System.out.println(user.toString());
        });
    }
}

执行main方法可以看到输出结果是按照Height字段排序的，Comparator可以根据我们不同的需求实现不同的排序方式，相比Comparable更加灵活。