1.linux内核定时器基本结构和函数
1)struct timer_list 一个struct timer_list对应了一个定时器。
#include <linux/timer.h>
以下列出常用的接口:
struct timer_list
{
/*....*/
unsigned long expires;//定时器服务函数开始执行时间
void (*function)(unsigned long);//定义一个指向定时器服务函数的指针function,服务函数有一个 unsigned long的参数,并且返回void
unsigned long data;//定时时间到时,data参数会传入服务函数
}
void init_timer(struct timer_list* timer)//初始化一个定时器
-----------使用定时器的步骤--------------
struct timer_list my_timer_list;//定义一个定时器,可以把它放在你的设备结构中
init_timer(&my_timer_list);//初始化一个定时器
my_timer_list.expire=jiffies+HZ;//定时器1s后运行服务程序
my_timer_list.function=timer_function;//定时器服务函数
add_timer(&my_timer_list);//添加定时器
void timer_function(unsigned long)//写定时器服务函数
del_timer(&my_timer_list);//当定时器不再需要时删除定时器
del_timer_sync(&my_timer_list);//基本和del_timer一样,比较适合在多核处理器使用,一般推荐使用del_timer_sync
-------------------------------------------------
2.以下是一个定时1s的驱动程序,直接上代码
- #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
- #include <linux/delay.h>
- #include <asm/irq.h>
- //#include <mach/regs-gpio.h>
- //#include <mach/hardware.h>
- #include <linux/kernel.h>
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <linux/init.h>
- #include <linux/mm.h>
- #include <linux/fs.h>
- #include <linux/types.h>
- #include <linux/delay.h>
- #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
- #include <linux/slab.h>
- #include <linux/errno.h>
- #include <linux/ioctl.h>
- #include <linux/cdev.h>
- #include <linux/string.h>
- #include <linux/list.h>
- #include <linux/pci.h>
- #include <asm/uaccess.h>
- #include <asm/atomic.h>
- #include <asm/unistd.h>
- #include <asm/io.h>
- #include <asm/system.h>
- #include <asm/uaccess.h>
- #define TIMER_MAJOR 300
- #define TIMER_MINOR 0
- dev_t timer_dev_t;//设备号
- dev_t timer_dev_major=TIMER_MAJOR;
- dev_t timer_dev_minor=TIMER_MINOR;
- struct TIMER_DEV
- {
- struct cdev cdev;
- atomic_t count;
- struct timer_list timer_list;
- };
- struct TIMER_DEV* timer_dev;
- //---------timer interrupt function----------------
- static void timer_function(unsigned long data)
- {
- mod_timer(&(timer_dev->timer_list),jiffies+HZ);//重新设置时间
- printk("current jiffies is %ld,count=%d\n",jiffies,timer_dev->count);
- //(timer_dev->count)++;
- atomic_inc(&(timer_dev->count));
- }
- //--------timer release function--------------------
- static int timer_release(struct inode* inode, struct file* filp)
- {
- del_timer_sync(&(timer_dev->timer_list));
- return 0;
- }
- //----------------file open function-----------------
- static int timer_open(struct inode* inode,struct file* filp)
- {
- init_timer(&(timer_dev->timer_list));//初始化定时器
- timer_dev->timer_list.function=timer_function;//设置定时器处理函数
- timer_dev->timer_list.expires=jiffies+HZ;//处理函数1s后运行
- add_timer(&timer_dev->timer_list);//添加定时器
- atomic_set(&(timer_dev->count),0);
- return 0;
- }
- //--------------------------------------
- //----------------timer_read function---------------
- static int timer_read(struct file* filp,char __user *buf,size_t count,loff_t* f_pos)
- {
- unsigned int counter=atomic_read(&(timer_dev->count));
- if(copy_to_user(buf,(unsigned int*)&counter,sizeof(unsigned int)))
- {
- printk("copy to user error\n");
- goto out;
- }
- return (sizeof(unsigned int));
- out:
- return (-EFAULT);
- }
- struct file_operations timer_ops={
- .owner=THIS_MODULE,
- .open=timer_open,
- .read=timer_read,
- .release=timer_release,
- };
- static int __init timer_init(void)
- {
- int ret;
- if(TIMER_MAJOR)//主设备号大于0,静态申请设备号
- {
- timer_dev_t=MKDEV(TIMER_MAJOR,TIMER_MINOR);
- ret=register_chrdev_region(TIMER_MAJOR,1,"timer_dev");//first,count,name
- }
- else
- {
- ret=alloc_chrdev_region(&timer_dev_t,0,1,"time_dev");
- timer_dev_major=MAJOR(timer_dev_t);
- }
- if(ret<0)
- {
- printk("can't get major %d\n",timer_dev_major);
- return ret;
- }
- //-----------------------------------------------------------
- timer_dev=kmalloc(sizeof(struct TIMER_DEV),GFP_KERNEL);
- memset(timer_dev,0,sizeof(struct TIMER_DEV));
- cdev_init(&(timer_dev->cdev),&timer_ops);
- cdev_add(&(timer_dev->cdev),timer_dev_t,1);
- printk("init timer_dev success\n");
- return 0;
- }
- static void __exit timer_exit(void)
- {
- kfree(timer_dev);
- cdev_del(&(timer_dev->cdev));
- unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(TIMER_MAJOR,0),1);
- }
- module_init(timer_init);
- module_exit(timer_exit);
测试程序
测试结果 添加模块后使用dmesg查看内核信息
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- int main()
- {
- int fd;
- int i;
- int counter=0;
- int old_counter=0;
- fd=open("/dev/timer_dev",O_RDWR);
- if(fd<0)
- {
- printf("open file error\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- for(i=0;i<30;)//运行30s
- {
- read(fd,&counter,sizeof(int));
- if(counter!=old_counter)
- {
- printf("second=%d\n",counter);
- old_counter=counter;
- i++;
- }
- }
- close(fd);
- exit (0);
- }
测试结果 添加模块后使用dmesg查看内核信息
[ 1239.176994] current jiffies is 235468,count=123
[ 1240.174459] current jiffies is 235718,count=124
[ 1241.171920] current jiffies is 235968,count=125
[ 1242.169383] current jiffies is 236218,count=126
[ 1240.174459] current jiffies is 235718,count=124
[ 1241.171920] current jiffies is 235968,count=125
[ 1242.169383] current jiffies is 236218,count=126
测试程序的结果
second=1
second=2
second=3
second=4
second=5
second=6
second=7
second=8
second=9
second=10
second=11
second=2
second=3
second=4
second=5
second=6
second=7
second=8
second=9
second=10
second=11