类的对象只有有限个,确定的
当需要定义一组常量时,强烈建议使用枚举类
如果枚举对象就一个,那就和单例模式中的饿汉式类似
枚举类对象的属性不应允许被改动, 所以应该使用 private final 修饰
枚举类的使用 private final 修饰的属性应该在构造器中为其赋值
若枚举类显式的定义了带参数的构造器, 则在列出枚举值时也必须对应的 传入参数
public class SeasonEnumOld {
public static final SeasonEnumOld SPRING=new SeasonEnumOld("春天","温暖");
public static final SeasonEnumOld SUMMER=new SeasonEnumOld("夏天","炎热");
public static final SeasonEnumOld AUTUMN=new SeasonEnumOld("秋天","凉爽");
public static final SeasonEnumOld WINTER=new SeasonEnumOld("冬天","寒冷");
private final String seasonName;
private final String seasonDesc;
private SeasonEnumOld(String seasonName, String seasonDesc) {
System.out.println("SeasonEnum...");
this.seasonName = seasonName;
this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
}
public String getSeasonName() {
return seasonName;
}
public String getSeasonDesc() {
return seasonDesc;
}
}
public enum SeasonEnum {
SPRING("春天","春风又绿江南岸"),
SUMMER("夏天","映日荷花别样红"),
AUTUMN("秋天","秋水共长天一色"),
WINTER("冬天","窗含西岭千秋雪");
private final String seasonName;
private final String seasonDesc;
private SeasonEnum(String seasonName, String seasonDesc) {
System.out.println("SeasonEnum...");
this.seasonName = seasonName;
this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
}
public String getSeasonName() {
return seasonName;
}
public String getSeasonDesc() {
return seasonDesc;
}
}
枚举也可以实现接口
实现接口后,每个常量(实例对象)需要实现接口的抽象方法
注意:enum重写了tostring方法,SeasonEnum.SPRING打印值是SPRING,而不是SeasonEnum对象的地址值