ora-00821、ora-00093

00821, 00000, "Specified value of sga_target %sM is too small, needs to be at least %sM"
// *Cause: The specified value of sga_target is too small for the SGA to
//         accommodate all of the necessary SGA components such as the 
//         log buffer, buffer pools, shared pool, etc. 
// *Action: Set sga_target to the recommended value or reduce the values
//          of any SGA component size parameters you have specified.

00093, 00000, "%s must be between %s and %s"
// *Cause: The parameter value is not in a valid range.
// *Action: Modify the parameter value to be within the specified range.

原因：数据库修改process值超过sga的大小时，出现此报错，导致数据库重启失败
处理过程：创建一个pfile

create pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/temp_init.ora' from spfile;

–$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/temp_init.ora：根据具体情况修改
修改temp_init.ora的sga值,报错时会有一个needs to be at least **M
原值+**值=新值，保存
使用temp_init.ora启动数据库

startup pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/temp_init.ora'

待数据库启动完成后，检查一下连接性即可