【物联网】Linux平台mosquitto-2.0.15安装教程

00. 目录

01. Mosquitto概述

Eclipse Mosquitto是一个开源的（EPL/EDL 许可）消息代理，实现了MQTT的 5.0、3.1.1 和 3.1 版本。Mosquitto是轻量级的，适用于从低功耗的单板计算机到完整服务器的所有设备上使用。

MQTT协议提供了一种使用发布/订阅模型执行消息传递的轻量级方法。这使得它适合于物联网信息传递，例如使用低功率传感器或移动设备，如手机、嵌入式计算机或微控制器。

Mosquitto项目还提供了一个用于实现MQTT客户端的C库，以及非常流行的 Mosquitto_pub 和 Mosquitto_sub 命令行MQTT客户端。

02. Mosquitto下载

官方下载：https://mosquitto.org/

GitHub下载：https://github.com/eclipse/mosquitto

CSDN下载：https://download.csdn.net/download/dengjin20104042056/87893294

旧版本下载：https://mosquitto.org/files/

03. Mosquitto安装

3.1 解压

deng@local:~/sz01$ tar -xzvf mosquitto-2.0.15.tar.gz 

3.2 进入mosquitto目录

deng@local:~/sz01$ cd mosquitto-2.0.15/

3.3 执行make命令

deng@local:~/sz01/mosquitto-2.0.15$ make 

3.4 执行make install命令

deng@local:~/sz01/mosquitto-2.0.15$ sudo make install

3.5 查看是否安装成功

deng@local:~/sz01/mosquitto-2.0.15$ mosquitto --help
mosquitto version 2.0.15

mosquitto is an MQTT v5.0/v3.1.1/v3.1 broker.

Usage: mosquitto [-c config_file] [-d] [-h] [-p port]

 -c : specify the broker config file.
 -d : put the broker into the background after starting.
 -h : display this help.
 -p : start the broker listening on the specified port.
      Not recommended in conjunction with the -c option.
 -v : verbose mode - enable all logging types. This overrides
      any logging options given in the config file.

See https://mosquitto.org/ for more information.

deng@local:~/sz01/mosquitto-2.0.15$ 

04. Mosquitto应用

4.1 mosquitto服务端

deng@local:~$ mosquitto --help
mosquitto version 2.0.15

mosquitto is an MQTT v5.0/v3.1.1/v3.1 broker.

Usage: mosquitto [-c config_file] [-d] [-h] [-p port]

 -c : specify the broker config file.
 -d : put the broker into the background after starting.
 -h : display this help.
 -p : start the broker listening on the specified port.
      Not recommended in conjunction with the -c option.
 -v : verbose mode - enable all logging types. This overrides
      any logging options given in the config file.

4.2 mosquitto_sub

deng@local:~$ mosquitto_sub  --help
mosquitto_sub is a simple mqtt client that will subscribe to a set 
of topics and print all messages it receives.
mosquitto_sub version 2.0.15 running on libmosquitto 2.0.15.

Usage: mosquitto_sub {[-h host] [--unix path] [-p port] [-u username] [-P password] -t topic | -L URL [-t topic]}
                     [-c] [-k keepalive] [-q qos] [-x session-expiry-interval]
                     [-C msg_count] [-E] [-R] [--retained-only] [--remove-retained] [-T filter_out] [-U topic ...]
                     [-F format]
                     [-W timeout_secs]
                     [-A bind_address] [--nodelay]
                     [-i id] [-I id_prefix]
                     [-d] [-N] [--quiet] [-v]
                     [--will-topic [--will-payload payload] [--will-qos qos] [--will-retain]]
                     [{--cafile file | --capath dir} [--cert file] [--key file]
                       [--ciphers ciphers] [--insecure]
                       [--tls-alpn protocol]
                       [--tls-engine engine] [--keyform keyform] [--tls-engine-kpass-sha1]]
                       [--tls-use-os-certs]
                     [--psk hex-key --psk-identity identity [--ciphers ciphers]]
                     [--proxy socks-url]
                     [-D command identifier value]
       mosquitto_sub --help

4.3 mosquitto_pub

deng@local:~$ mosquitto_pub --help
mosquitto_pub is a simple mqtt client that will publish a message on a single 
topic and exit.
mosquitto_pub version 2.0.15 running on libmosquitto 2.0.15.

Usage: mosquitto_pub {[-h host] [--unix path] [-p port] [-u username] [-P password] -t topic | -L URL}
                     {-f file | -l | -n | -m message}
                     [-c] [-k keepalive] [-q qos] [-r] [--repeat N] [--repeat-delay time] [-x session-expiry]
                     [-A bind_address] [--nodelay]
                     [-i id] [-I id_prefix]
                     [-d] [--quiet]
                     [-M max_inflight]
                     [-u username [-P password]]
                     [--will-topic [--will-payload payload] [--will-qos qos] [--will-retain]]
                     [{--cafile file | --capath dir} [--cert file] [--key file]
                       [--ciphers ciphers] [--insecure]
                       [--tls-alpn protocol]
                       [--tls-engine engine] [--keyform keyform] [--tls-engine-kpass-sha1]]
                       [--tls-use-os-certs]
                     [--psk hex-key --psk-identity identity [--ciphers ciphers]]
                     [--proxy socks-url]
                     [--property command identifier value]
                     [-D command identifier value]
       mosquitto_pub --help

4.5 先运行 Mosquitto 的 MQTT 代理程序

deng@local:~$ mosquitto
1686453357: mosquitto version 2.0.15 starting
1686453357: Using default config.
1686453357: Starting in local only mode. Connections will only be possible from
 clients running on this machine.
1686453357: Create a configuration file which defines a listener to allow remote access.
1686453357: For more details see https://mosquitto.org/documentation/authentication-methods/
1686453357: Opening ipv4 listen socket on port 1883.
1686453357: Opening ipv6 listen socket on port 1883.
1686453357: mosquitto version 2.0.15 running

4.6 运行 Mosquitto 的 MQTT 订阅主题的客户端程序 mosquitto_sub订阅消息

deng@local:~$ mosquitto_sub -t 'deng' -v

其中-t表示订阅主题(topic)，这里的主题为deng，-v表示打印消息。

4.7 运行 Mosquitto 的 MQTT 发布消息的客户端程序 mosquitto_pub 发布消息

deng@local:~$ mosquitto_pub -t 'deng' -m 'hello shenzhen'

其中-t表示指定的主题(topic)，这里要发布到主题deng，-m表示要发布的消息内容hello shenzhen。

05. 问题讨论

5.1 执行mosquitto_sub或者mosquitto_pub的时候出现libmosquitto.so.1找不到的问题

deng@local:~/openssl$ mosquitto_sub -t 'test' -v
mosquitto_sub: error while loading shared libraries: libmosquitto.so.1: cannot open 
shared object file: No such file or directory
如果出现如下问题找不到动态库：

则执行命令创建一个软链接：

sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmosquitto.so.1 /usr/lib/libmosquitto.so.1

06. 附录