Linux Poll机制

一、Poll什么？

        Poll某个fd特定的event。

二、event的总类包括？

POLLIN – This bit must be set if the device can be read without blocking.

POLLRDNORM – This bit must be set if “normal” data is available for reading. A readable device returns (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM).

POLLRDBAND – This bit indicates that out-of-band data is available for reading from the device. It is currently used only in one place in the Linux kernel (the DECnet code) and is not generally applicable to device drivers.

POLLPRI – High-priority data (out-of-band) can be read without blocking. This bit causes select to report that an exception condition occurred on the file because select reports out-of-band data as an exception condition.

POLLHUP – When a process reading this device sees end-of-file, the driver must set POLLHUP (hang-up). A process calling select will be told that the device is readable, as dictated by the select functionality.

POLLERR – An error condition has occurred on the device. When a poll is invoked, the device is reported as both readable and writable, since both read and write will return an error code without blocking.

POLLOUT – This bit is set in the return value if the device can be written to without blocking.

POLLWRNORM – This bit has the same meaning as POLLOUT, and sometimes it actually is the same number. A writable device returns (POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM).

POLLWRBAND – Like POLLRDBAND, this bit means that data with nonzero priority can be written to the device. Only the datagram implementation of the poll uses this bit since a datagram can transmit out-of-band data.

三、Poll机制核心数据结构

struct pollfd {
    int   fd;         /* file descriptor */
    short events;     /* requested events */
    short revents;    /* returned events */
};

四、Poll机制的API说明

1、应用层的poll函数

int poll(struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int timeout);

Where,

fds – file descriptors array

nfds – number of file descriptors

timeout – specifies the number of milliseconds that poll() should block waiting for a file descriptor to