Android中的数据存储: SD操作

 一. JAVA中的各种IO流:

1.流的选择

   选择条件的区别：
以字节为单位读取文件，常用于读二进制文件，如图片、声音、影像等文件。
以字符为单位读取文件，常用于读文本，数字等类型的文件.
至于是否选择用Buffer来对文件输入输出流进行封装，就要看文件的大小，若是大文件的读写，则选择Buffer这个桶来提供文件读写效率。
       在网络传输中我们往往要传输很多变量，我们可以利用ByteArrayOutputStream把所有的变量收集到一起，然后一次性把数据发送出去。而ByteArrayInputStream又把字节数组中的字节以流的形式读出,实现了对同一个字节数组的操作. 

2.ByteArrayInputStream(比较少用)和ByteArrayOutputStream

public static void main(String[] args) { 
    int a = 0; 
    int b = 1; 
    int c = 2; 
    ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); 
    bout.write(a); 
    bout.write(b); 
    bout.write(c); 
    byte[] buff = bout.toByteArray(); 
    for (int i = 0; i < buff.length; i++) 
        System.out.println(buff[i]); 
    System.out.println("***********************"); 
    ByteArrayInputStream bin = new ByteArrayInputStream(buff); 
    while ((b = bin.read()) != -1) { 
        System.out.println(b); 
    } 
}

综合DataOutputStream&DataInputStream的作用和功能,与ByteArrayOutputStream和ByteArrayInputSream使用将更方便.此时DataOutputStream&DataInputStream封闭了字节流,以适当的形式读出了字节数组中的数据.如下所示:  

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 
    ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); 
    DataOutputStream dout = new DataOutputStream(bout); 
    String name = "xxy"; 
    int age = 84; 
    dout.writeUTF(name); 
    dout.writeInt(age); 
    byte[] buff = bout.toByteArray(); 
    ByteArrayInputStream bin = new ByteArrayInputStream(buff); 
    DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(bin); 
    String newName = dis.readUTF(); 
    int newAge = dis.readInt(); 
    System.out.println(newName + ":" + newAge); 
}

二. SD卡的操作(权限: <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>)

1.判断SD卡的状态:

String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();

if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
    // We can read and write the media
    mExternalStorageAvailable = mExternalStorageWriteable = true;
} else if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY.equals(state)) {
    // We can only read the media
    mExternalStorageAvailable = true;
    mExternalStorageWriteable = false;
} else {
    // Something else is wrong. It may be one of many other states, but all we need
    //  to know is we can neither read nor write
    mExternalStorageAvailable = mExternalStorageWriteable = false;
}

2.得到SD卡的路径

File SDFile = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();