利用共享内存,结合信号量的控制来实现服务器客户端的通信

1.server.c

#include"utili.h"

int main(int argc, char const* argv[])
{
    key_t shm_key = ftok(argv[1], 0xff);
    if(shm_key == -1)
    {
        perror("ftok");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    int shm_id = shmget(shm_key, 1024, IPC_CREAT | 0755);
    if(shm_id == -1)
    {
        perror("shmget");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    char *shm_addr = (char *)shmat(shm_id, NULL, 0);
    if(shm_addr == (void *)-1)
    {
        perror("shmat");
        shmctl(shm_id, IPC_RMID, NULL);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //它本身不提供同步访问机制，需要我们自己控制,所以加入信号量，使得可以进行同步
    key_t sem_key = ftok("mysem", 0xff);
    if(sem_key == -1)
    {
        perror("ftok sem");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    int sem_id = semget(sem_key, 2, IPC_CREAT | 0755);
    if(sem_id == -1)
    {
        perror("semget");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    //初始化信号量集
    union semun {
        int              val;    /* Value for SETVAL */
        struct semid_ds *buf;    /* Buffer for IPC_STAT, IPC_SET */
        unsigned short  *array;  /* Array for GETALL, SETALL */
        struct seminfo  *__buf;  /* Buffer for IPC_INFO
                                    (Linux-specific) */
    };
    union semun init_val;
    init_val.val = 0;
    semctl(sem_id, 0, SETVAL, init_val);
    semctl(sem_id, 1, SETVAL, init_val);
    //sem_num   sem_op    sem_flg
    //0信号量成员类似读管道，却不存放数据，只负责阻塞和非阻塞
    //1信号量成员类似写管道，却不存放数据，只负责阻塞和非阻塞
    struct sembuf p = {1, -1, 0},
                  v = {0, 1, 0};


    while(1)
    {
        printf("Ser:>");
        scanf("%s", shm_addr);
        if(strcmp(shm_addr, "quit") == 0)
        {
            shmdt(shm_addr);
            break;
        }
        semop(sem_id, &v, 1);//server写入了内容，不阻塞

        semop(sem_id, &p, 1);//client没有读取server内容之前,并且client读取之后，client没有产生对话一直阻塞
        printf("Cli:>%s\n", shm_addr);
    }

    return 0;
}

2.client.c

#include"utili.h"

int main(int argc, char const* argv[])
{
    key_t shm_key = ftok(argv[1], 0xff);
    if(shm_key == -1)
    {
        perror("ftok");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    int shm_id = shmget(shm_key, 0, 0);
    if(shm_id == -1)
    {
        perror("shmget");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    char *shm_addr = (char *)shmat(shm_id, NULL, 0);
    if(shm_addr == (void*)-1)
    {
        perror("shmat");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    int sem_key = ftok("mysem", 0xff);
    if(sem_key == -1)
    {
         perror("ftok sem");
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    int sem_id = semget(sem_key, 0, 0);
    if(sem_id == -1)
    {
        perror("semget");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    //1信号量成员类似读，0信号量成员类似写
    struct sembuf p = {0, -1, 0},
                  v = {1, 1, 0};
    while(1)
    {
        semop(sem_id, &p, 1);//server未写入，则一直阻塞
        printf("Ser:>%s", shm_addr);//client读取server中的内容
        printf("Cli:>");
        scanf("%s", shm_addr);
        if(strcmp(shm_addr, "quit") == 0)
        {
            shmdt(shm_addr);
            break;
        }

        semop(sem_id, &v, 1);//client未写入内容前server一直阻塞,一旦写入，server非阻塞
    }

    return 0;
}

3.utili.h

#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<sys/shm.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/sem.h>

4.Makefile

ALL:server client
server:server.c
    gcc server.c -o server
client:client.c
    gcc client.c -o client
clean:
    /bin/rm -f server client

测试