Maven笔记总结

1.Maven依赖总结

1.依赖元素

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1. <dependency>  
2.     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
3.     <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
4.     <version>${springframework.version}</version>  
5.     <type>jar</type>  
6.     <scope>compile</scope>  
7. </dependency>  

groupId,必选，实际隶属项目

artifactId,必选，其中的模块

version必选，版本号

type可选，依赖类型，默认jar

scope可选，依赖范围，默认compile

optional可选，标记依赖是否可选，默认false

exclusion可选，排除传递依赖性，默认空

2.依赖范围

maven项目又三种classpath（编译，测试，运行）

scope用来表示与classpath的关系，总共有五种

compile:编译，测试，运行

test:测试

provided:编译，测试

runtime:运行

system:编译，测试，同provided，但必须指定systemPath，慎用

3.传递性依赖

顾名思义，你懂的，但是传递的范围会发生改变，这个由maven自身处理，只要理解下即可

第一列为第一依赖，第二列为第二依赖，单元格为传递范围

	compile	test	provided	runtime
compile	compile	_	_	runtime
test	test	_	_	test
provided	provided	_	provided	provided
runtime	runtime	_	_	runtime

4.依赖调解

传递路径长度取最短原则，传递路径长度相等时，采取最先申明原则

5.可选依赖

尽量少用，可选依赖不会被传递，需要显式申明

6.排除依赖

发现依赖包里有些包不稳定，可以排除依赖，显式的申明文档的包

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1. <dependency>  
2.     <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>  
3.     <artifactId>mail</artifactId>  
4.     <version>1.4.1</version>  
5.     <exclusions>  
6.         <exclusion>  
7.             <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>  
8.             <artifactId>activation</artifactId>  
9.         </exclusion>  
10.     </exclusions>  
11. </dependency>  
12. <dependency>  
13.     <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>  
14.     <artifactId>activation</artifactId>  
15.     <version>1.1</version>  
16. </dependency>  

7.分类依赖

当同一个模块，所依赖的几个模块版本都相同时，可以使用maven里的属性做分类依赖，依赖版本升级时改一处即可

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1. <properties>  
2.     <springframework.version>2.5.6</springframework.version>  
3. </properties>  
4. <dependencies>  
5.     <dependency>  
6.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
7.         <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
8.         <version>${springframework.version}</version>  
9.         <type>jar</type>  
10.         <scope>compile</scope>  
11.     </dependency>  
12.     <dependency>  
13.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
14.         <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
15.         <version>${springframework.version}</version>  
16.         <type>pom</type>  
17.         <scope>compile</scope>  
18.     </dependency>  
19.     <dependency>  
20.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
21.         <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
22.         <version>${springframework.version}</version>  
23.         <type>jar</type>  
24.         <scope>compile</scope>  
25.     </dependency>  
26.     <dependency>  
27.         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
28.         <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>  
29.         <version>${springframework.version}</version>  
30.         <type>jar</type>  
31.         <scope>compile</scope>  
32.     </dependency>  
33. </dependencies>  

8.优化依赖

可概括为三个命令

mvn dependency:list

表示依赖列表，maven eclipse插件已经实现，有图形化显示，在pom.xml的dependencies页

mvn dependency:tree

表示依赖列表，maven eclipse插件已经实现，有图形化显示，在pom.xml的dependency hierarchy页

mvn dependency:analyze

查找出在编译和测试中未使用但显示声明的依赖

2.Maven项目站点生成

1.项目信息

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1. <!-- 版本控制 -->  
2.     <scm>  
3.         <connection>scm:git:git@github.com:lastsweetop/account.git</connection>  
4.         <developerConnection>scm:git:git@github.com:lastsweetop/account.git</developerConnection>  
5.         <url>https://github.com/lastsweetop/account/blob/master</url>  
6.     </scm>  
7.   
8.     <!-- 持续集成 -->  
9.     <ciManagement>  
10.         <system>Hudson</system>  
11.         <url>http://${distribution.repository}:8080/hudson</url>  
12.     </ciManagement>  
13.   
14.     <!-- 项目团队 -->  
15.     <developers>  
16.         <developer>  
17.             <id>sweetop</id>  
18.             <name>sweetop</name>  
19.             <email>sweetop@189.cn</email>  
20.             <timezone>8</timezone>  
21.         </developer>  
22.     </developers>  
23.   
24.     <!-- 项目授权 -->  
25.     <licenses>  
26.         <license>  
27.             <name>Apache License,Version 2.0</name>  
28.             <url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0</url>  
29.         </license>  
30.     </licenses>  
31.   
32.     <!-- 问题跟踪 -->  
33.     <issueManagement>  
34.         <system>urltracker</system>  
35.         <url>http://10.18.96.90/URTracker/Accounts/Login.aspx</url>  
36.     </issueManagement>  

2.项目站点插件

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1. <span style="white-space:pre">          </span><plugin>  
2.                 <!-- 站点生成插件 -->  
3.                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
4.                 <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>  
5.                 <version>3.2</version>  
6.                 <configuration>  
7.                     <!-- 支持国际化 -->  
8.                     <locales>zh_CN</locales>  
9.                     <reportPlugins>  
10.                         <plugin>  
11.                             <!-- 生成javadoc文件 -->  
12.                             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
13.                             <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>  
14.                             <version>2.9</version>  
15.                         </plugin>  
16.                         <plugin>  
17.                             <!-- 项目信息过滤 -->  
18.                             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
19.                             <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>  
20.                             <version>2.6</version>  
21.                             <reportSets>  
22.                                 <reportSet>  
23.                                     <reports>  
24.                                         <!-- index一定要生成,否则链接问题 -->  
25.                                         <report>index</report>  
26.                                         <report>dependencies</report>  
27.                                         <report>project-team</report>  
28.                                         <report>issue-tracking</report>  
29.                                         <report>license</report>  
30.                                         <report>scm</report>  
31.                                         <report>cim</report>  
32.                                         <report>modules</report>  
33.                                         <report>plugins</report>  
34.                                         <report>help</report>  
35.                                         <report>summary</report>  
36.                                     </reports>  
37.                                 </reportSet>  
38.                             </reportSets>  
39.                         </plugin>  
40.                         <plugin>  
41.                             <!-- 源码查看生成 -->  
42.                             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
43.                             <artifactId>maven-jxr-plugin</artifactId>  
44.                             <version>2.3</version>  
45.                             <configuration>  
46.                                 <!-- 多模块聚合 -->  
47.                                 <aggregate>true</aggregate>  
48.                             </configuration>  
49.                         </plugin>  
50.                         <plugin>  
51.                             <!-- 代码风格检查 -->  
52.                             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
53.                             <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>  
54.                             <version>2.10</version>  
55.                             <configuration>  
56.                                 <!-- 使用maven社区代码风格 -->  
57.                                 <configLocation>config/maven_checks.xml</configLocation>  
58.                             </configuration>  
59.                         </plugin>  
60.                         <plugin>  
61.                             <!-- 代码更改日志 -->  
62.                             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
63.                             <artifactId>maven-changelog-plugin</artifactId>  
64.                             <version>2.2</version>  
65.                         </plugin>  
66.                         <plugin>  
67.                             <!-- 代码隐藏bug检查 -->  
68.                             <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
69.                             <artifactId>maven-pmd-plugin</artifactId>  
70.                             <version>3.0</version>  
71.                             <configuration>  
72.                                 <!-- 多模块聚合 -->  
73.                                 <aggregate>true</aggregate>  
74.                             </configuration>  
75.                         </plugin>  
76.                         <plugin>  
77.                             <!-- 测试覆盖率 -->  
78.                             <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>  
79.                             <artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>  
80.                             <version>2.5.2</version>  
81.                         </plugin>  
82.                     </reportPlugins>  
83.                 </configuration>  
84.             </plugin>  

3.项目站点生成命令

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1. mvn site  

如果本地想看一下，多个模块链接会出现问题，可以用下面命令将生成文件聚合在一处

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1. clean site site:stage -DstagingDirectory=/Users/apple/site  

但是如想使用这个命令必须配置下面的发布管理配置

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1. <span style="white-space:pre">  </span><distributionManagement>  
2.         <site>  
3.             <id>website</id>  
4.             <url>file:///Users/apple/site/</url>  
5.         </site>  
6.     </distributionManagement>  

4.项目站点自定义

在src/site下创建site.xml文件

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <project name="Account" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/DECORATION/1.0.0"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/DECORATION/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/decoration-1.0.0.xsd">  
5.     <bannerLeft>  
6.         <!-- 左上角图片 -->  
7.         <name>maven</name>  
8.         <src>images/apache-maven-project.png</src>  
9.         <href>http://projects.apache.org/</href>  
10.     </bannerLeft>  
11.     <bannerRight>  
12.         <!-- 右上角图片 -->  
13.         <name>java</name>  
14.         <src>images/java_logo.jpg</src>  
15.         <href>http://www.java.com</href>  
16.     </bannerRight>  
17.     <!-- 版本信息放在右边 -->  
18.     <version position="right" />  
19.     <!-- 发布信息放在右边 -->  
20.     <publishDate position="right" />  
21.     <body>  
22.         <breadcrumbs>  
23.             <!-- 横条链接 -->  
24.             <item name="lastsweetop" href="http://blog.csdn.net/lastsweetop" />  
25.             <item name="account" href="http://192.168.115.5:8080/account/index.html"/>  
26.         </breadcrumbs>  
27.         <menu ref="parent"/>  
28.         <!-- 项目信息报告 inherit表示子模块继承父模块-->  
29.         <menu ref="reports" inherit="top"></menu>  
30.     </body>  
31.     <skin>  
32.         <!-- 谷歌皮肤 -->  
33.         <groupId>com.googlecode.fluido-skin</groupId>  
34.         <artifactId>fluido-skin</artifactId>  
35.         <version>1.3</version>  
36.     </skin>  
37. </project>