Android http 通信

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HTTP通信分两种形式：GET，POST

GET：

优点：只需要在URL设置参数就可以进行对服务器的访问，比较方便。

缺点：但是传输的参数不得大于２ｋｂ，而且参数公开可查看。

POST：

优点：传输参数可大于２ｋｂ，参数不可查看，相对安全。

缺点：需要用List<NameValuePair>进行打包。

使用的是安卓ｓｄｋ自带的org.apache.http包

注意：

安卓２.３版本开始，通信线程需要和UI线程分开，不然会造成线程阻塞，所以把ＨＴＴＰ通信的代码写在一个Thread类里面。

void run() {
		HttpRunner jsonParser = new HttpRunner();
		String json = jsonParser.makeHttpPOST(httpUrl, params);
		Message msg = new Message();
		switch (type) {
		case POST: 
			msg.what = POST;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		msg.obj = json;
		handler.sendMessage(msg);
	}

在HTTP通信的时候会造成UI线程的停滞，为了避免这种情况而造成横的UI线程崩溃，所以我们将HTTP线程交给后台运行，并且需要用一个Handler将通信得到的消息打包发送到Activity里面。Activity里面也需要Handler将消息接收。

示例代码：

/************************** msg接收 *************************/

		handler = new Handler() {
			@Override
			public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
				switch (msg.what) {
				case HttpThreadPost.POST:
					result = (String) msg.obj;
					pDialog.dismiss();
					result = myJsonFormatTool.formatJson(result, "  ");
					debugDialog(result);
					break;
				case HttpThreadGet.GET:
					result = (String) msg.obj;
					pDialog.dismiss();
					result = myJsonFormatTool.formatJson(result, "  ");
					debugDialog(result);
					break;
				case HttpThreadGet.GETIMG:
					result = (String) msg.obj;
					pDialog.dismiss();
					debugDialog(result);
					break;
				default:
					break;
				}
			}
		};

主要的实现HTTP通信代码：

实现HTTP通信我们新建一个类，里面有两个方法，post和get。将URL和params传递进去，进行通信。实现代码和java基本一致。

示例代码：

// post数据
	public String makeHttpPOST(String url, List<NameValuePair> params) {
		// Making HTTP request
		jsonString = "";
		try {
			// defaultHttpClient
			DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
			// 请求超时,60秒
			httpClient.getParams().setParameter(
					CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, 3 * 60 * 1000);
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "utf-8"));
			HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
			if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {
				jsonString = "ERROR: Status Code "
						+ httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
				return jsonString;
			}
			is = httpEntity.getContent();

		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		}

		try {
			BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
					new InputStreamReader(is));
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
			String line = null;
			while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
				sb.append(line);
			}
			is.close();
			jsonString = sb.toString();
			Log.d("json数据", jsonString);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			Log.e("Buffer Error", "Error converting result " + e.toString());
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		}

		// return JSON String
		return jsonString;
	}

	// get数据
	public String makeHttpGET(String url) {
		jsonString = "";
		// Making HTTP request
		Log.d("http请求", url);
		try {
			// defaultHttpClient
			DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
			// 请求超时,2*60 * 1000秒
			httpClient.getParams().setParameter(
					CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, 60 * 1000);
			HttpGet httpRequest = new HttpGet(url);

			HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpRequest);
			HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
			if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {
				jsonString = "ERROR: Status Code "
						+ httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
				return jsonString;
			}
			is = httpEntity.getContent();

		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		}

		try {
			BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
					new InputStreamReader(is));
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
			String line = null;
			while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
				sb.append(line);
			}
			is.close();
			jsonString = sb.toString();
			Log.d("json数据", jsonString);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			Log.e("Buffer Error", "Error converting result " + e.toString());
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		}

		// return JSON String
		return jsonString;
	}

	// get图片
	public byte[] makeImgHttpGET(String url) {
		jsonString = "";
		// Making HTTP request
		Log.d("http请求", url);
		try {
			// defaultHttpClient
			DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
			// 请求超时,2*60 * 1000秒
			httpClient.getParams().setParameter(
					CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, 60 * 1000);
			HttpGet httpRequest = new HttpGet(url);

			HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpRequest);
			HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
			if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {
				jsonString = "Status Code:"
						+ httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
				return null;
			}
			is = httpEntity.getContent();

		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		}

		ByteArrayOutputStream outstream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
		int len = -1;
		try {
			while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
				outstream.write(buffer, 0, len);
			}
			outstream.close();
			is.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
			jsonString = "ERROR:" + e.toString();
		}

		// return JSON String
		return outstream.toByteArray();
	}

最后在AndroidManifest.xml加上权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

一个android HTTP接口测试小软件，可以GET和POST，参数可以动态添加删除，结果自动格式化json，里面也有GET图片的代码，但功能还没加上去。

为了方便大家学习，工程代码以打包上传，http://download.csdn.net/detail/devintt/8029549

本人是初学者，第一次发一下自己做过的记录，有问题请大大们指教一下，谢谢！~