Selenium Web Driver入门

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-15 10:30:00 发布

dfaldflafladl

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-15 10:30:00 发布

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分类专栏： J2EE/Core Java 文章标签： python java ui

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/dfaldflafladl/article/details/84224393

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[b]1 What is Selenium?[/b]
[quote]Selenium automates browsers. That's it. What you do with that power is entirely up to you. Primarily it is for automating web applications for testing purposes, but is certainly not limited to just that. Boring web-based administration tasks can (and should!) also be automated as well.

Selenium has the support of some of the largest browser vendors who have taken (or are taking) steps to make Selenium a native part of their browser. It is also the core technology in countless other browser automation tools, APIs and frameworks.
[/quote]

[b]2 Selenium Web Driver Maven pom[/b]

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.wilson</groupId>
	<artifactId>selenium</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>selenium</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.10</version>
			<type>jar</type>
			<scope>compile</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
			<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
			<version>2.21.0</version>
			<type>jar</type>
			<scope>compile</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

[b]3 give a sample for test upload file, below is the simplest jsp for springmvc file upload[/b]

<html>
<head>
<title>file upload test</title>
</head>
<body>

	<form method="post" action="uploader" enctype="multipart/form-data">
		<input type="text" name="name" value="file"/> <input type="file" name="file" />
		<input id="submit" type="submit" />
	</form>
</body>
</html>

[b]4 Junit Tester[/b]

package com.wilson.selenium;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;

public class FileUploadTest {
	protected static String baseUrl = "http://localhost";
	protected static Selenium2 s;

	@BeforeClass
	public static void beforeClass() throws Exception {
		createSeleniumOnce();
	}

	/**
	 * 创建Selenium.
	 */
	protected static void createSeleniumOnce() throws Exception {

		if (s == null) {
			// 根据配置创建Selenium driver.
			// WebDriver driver = WebDriverFactory.createDriver("ie");
			DesiredCapabilities ieCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities
					.internetExplorer();
			ieCapabilities
					.setCapability(
							InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,
							true);
			WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(ieCapabilities);
			s = new Selenium2(driver, baseUrl);

//			WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
//			s = new Selenium2(driver, baseUrl);


			s.setStopAtShutdown();
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void test() {
		s.open("/upload.jsp");
		s.type(By.name("name"), "11");
//		s.type(By.name("file"), "D:/wubi.exe");
		s.findElement(By.name("file")).sendKeys("D:\\21.xls");
		s.click(By.id("submit"));
	}

}

[b]5 Selenium helper class[/b]

/**
 * Copyright (c) 2005-2012 springside.org.cn
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 */
package com.wilson.selenium;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

/**
 * 融合了Selenium 1.0 API与Selenium 2.0的By选择器的API.
 *
 * @author calvin
 */
public class Selenium2 {

	public static final int DEFAULT_WAIT_TIME = 20;
	private WebDriver driver;
	private String baseUrl;

	public Selenium2(WebDriver driver, String baseUrl) {
		this.driver = driver;
		this.baseUrl = baseUrl;
		setTimeout(DEFAULT_WAIT_TIME);
	}

	/**
	 * 不设置baseUrl的构造函数, 调用open函数时必须使用绝对路径. 
	 */
	public Selenium2(WebDriver driver) {
		this(driver, "");
	}

	/**
	 * 注册在JVM退出时关闭Selenium的钩子。
	 */
	public void setStopAtShutdown() {
		Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread("Selenium Quit Hook") {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				quit();
			}
		});
	}

	// Driver 函數  //
	/**
	 * 打开地址,如果url为相对地址, 自动添加baseUrl.
	 */
	public void open(String url) {
		final String urlToOpen = url.indexOf("://") == -1 ? baseUrl + (!url.startsWith("/") ? "/" : "") + url : url;
		driver.get(urlToOpen);
	}

	/**
	 * 获取当前页面.
	 */
	public String getLocation() {
		return driver.getCurrentUrl();
	}

	/**
	 * 回退历史页面。
	 */
	public void back() {
		driver.navigate().back();
	}

	/**
	 * 刷新页面。
	 */
	public void refresh() {
		driver.navigate().refresh();
	}

	/**
	 * 获取页面标题.
	 */
	public String getTitle() {
		return driver.getTitle();
	}

	/**
	 * 退出Selenium.
	 */
	public void quit() {
		try {
			driver.quit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.err.println("Error happen while quit selenium :" + e.getMessage());
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 设置如果查找不到Element时的默认最大等待时间。
	 */
	public void setTimeout(int seconds) {
		driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(seconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
	}

	/**
	 * 获取WebDriver实例, 调用未封装的函数.
	 */
	public WebDriver getDriver() {
		return driver;
	}

	//Element 函數//

	/**
	 * 查找Element.
	 */
	public WebElement findElement(By by) {
		return driver.findElement(by);
	}

	/**
	 * 查找所有符合条件的Element.
	 */
	public List<WebElement> findElements(By by) {
		return driver.findElements(by);
	}

	/**
	 * 判断页面内是否存在Element.
	 */
	public boolean isElementPresent(By by) {
		try {
			driver.findElement(by);
			return true;
		} catch (NoSuchElementException e) {
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 判断Element是否可见.
	 */
	public boolean isVisible(By by) {
		return driver.findElement(by).isDisplayed();
	}

	/**
	 * 在Element中输入文本内容.
	 */
	public void type(By by, String text) {
		WebElement element = driver.findElement(by);
		element.clear();
		element.sendKeys(text);
	}

	/**
	 * 点击Element.
	 */
	public void click(By by) {
		driver.findElement(by).click();
	}

	/**
	 * 选中Element.
	 */
	public void check(By by) {
		WebElement element = driver.findElement(by);
		check(element);
	}

	/**
	 * 选中Element.
	 */
	public void check(WebElement element) {
		if (!element.isSelected()) {
			element.click();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 取消Element的选中.
	 */
	public void uncheck(By by) {
		WebElement element = driver.findElement(by);
		uncheck(element);
	}

	/**
	 * 取消Element的选中.
	 */
	public void uncheck(WebElement element) {
		if (element.isSelected()) {
			element.click();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 判断Element有否被选中.
	 */
	public boolean isChecked(By by) {
		WebElement element = driver.findElement(by);
		return isChecked(element);
	}

	/**
	 * 判断Element有否被选中.
	 */
	public boolean isChecked(WebElement element) {
		return element.isSelected();
	}

	/**
	 * 返回Select Element,可搭配多种后续的Select操作.
	 * eg. s.getSelect(by).selectByValue(value);
	 */
	public Select getSelect(By by) {
		return new Select(driver.findElement(by));
	}

	/**
	 * 获取Element的文本.
	 */
	public String getText(By by) {
		return driver.findElement(by).getText();
	}

	/**
	 * 获取Input框的value.
	 */
	public String getValue(By by) {
		return getValue(driver.findElement(by));
	}

	/**
	 * 获取Input框的value.
	 */
	public String getValue(WebElement element) {
		return element.getAttribute("value");
	}

	// WaitFor 函數 //
	/**
	 * 等待Element的内容可见, timeout单位为秒.
	 */
	public void waitForVisible(By by, int timeout) {
		waitForCondition(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(by), timeout);
	}

	/**
	 * 等待Element的内容为text, timeout单位为秒.
	 */
	public void waitForTextPresent(By by, String text, int timeout) {
		waitForCondition(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElement(by, text), timeout);
	}

	/**
	 * 等待Element的value值为value, timeout单位为秒.
	 */
	public void waitForValuePresent(By by, String value, int timeout) {
		waitForCondition(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElementValue(by, value), timeout);
	}

	/**
	 * 等待其他Conditions, timeout单位为秒.
	 * 
	 * @see #waitForTextPresent(By, String, int)
	 * @see ExpectedConditions
	 */
	public void waitForCondition(ExpectedCondition conditon, int timeout) {
		(new WebDriverWait(driver, timeout)).until(conditon);
	}

	// Selenium1.0 函數 //

	/**
	 * 简单判断页面内是否存在文本内容.
	 */
	public boolean isTextPresent(String text) {
		String bodyText = driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).getText();
		return bodyText.contains(text);
	}

	/**
	 * 取得单元格的内容, 序列从0开始, Selnium1.0的常用函数.
	 */
	public String getTable(WebElement table, int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
		return table.findElement(By.xpath("//tr[" + (rowIndex + 1) + "]//td[" + (columnIndex + 1) + "]")).getText();
	}

	/**
	 * 取得单元格的内容, 序列从0开始, Selnium1.0的常用函数.
	 */
	public String getTable(By by, int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
		return getTable(driver.findElement(by), rowIndex, columnIndex);
	}

}